Biology Test 154

Alisma is a non-endospermic monocot seed.

Endosperm is the tissue formed inside the seed. It surrounds embryo and provides nutrition. Mostly monocots have endospermic or albuminous seed and dicots have non-endospermic seed. But one of the exceptions is Alisma seed which is a monocot plant but with non-endospermic seed. 

Hence, the correct option is (D).

Development of an embryo sac from a nucellar cell is apospory.

Apospory is the formation of gametophytes from respective sporophytes devoid of development of spores. Apogamy is a process of development of sporophytes from gametophytes deprived of the union of gametes. Adventive embryony is a type of apomixis, an asexual reproduction which takes placedevoid of fertilization and not including meiosis, in which development of embryo occurs because of sporophytic budding.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

Formation, growth and development of a new individual beginning from egg is known as embryology.

Study of formation, growth and development of new individual from an egg is embryology. Study of an individuals life cycle after the fertilization takes place till it develops into a new organism. Embryology is the branch of biology that deals with the development of an embryo from the fertilization of the ovum to the fetus stage.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

In a forest, deer, raccoons, squirrels, and other animals eat and find shelter. A detritus food web occurs as their wastes accumulate on the forest floor. In this detritus web deer and raccoons function as the producers.

Detritus food chain starts from dead organic matter and goes to detritus feeding organisms and on their predators. Detritus food chain are found in a variety of situations such as the bottom of Lakes and oceans which are too dark to carry out. photosynthesis. Examples of decomposer food chain are: 

(1) leaves and dead plants → soil mites → insects. 

(2) organic matter → Protozoa → rotifers

Hence, the correct option is (A).

Rules of biological nomenclature are: 

• The biological name is generally in Latin language and written in italics. 
• The biological name consists of two words. The first word starts with a capital letter and represents the genus name and the second word starts with a small letter and represents the species name. 
• Biological name when handwritten, should be underlined. Both the genus name and the species name are separately underlined. For example, the biological name of the pea plant is Pisum sativum.

Hence, the correct option is (D).

Rudolph Virchow new cells arise through the cell division of pre-existing cells.

Rudolph Virchow in his cell theory stated that all living organisms are composed of single or multiple cells. 'Omnis cellula e cellula' is the famous phrase of Rudolph Virchow. This means all cells originate from pre-existing cells.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

It is clearly evident from the image that part P has the embryo intact to the cotyledon, so the seedling (baby plant) can emerge only from part P of the kidney bean. 

Hence, the correct option is (A).

During transcription, holoenzyme RNA polymerase binds to DNA sequence and DNA assumes a saddle-like structure at that point. The sequence is called as TATA box.

A TATA box is a sequence of DNA that indicates where a genetic sequence can be read and decoded. It is a promoter sequence, which leads to the initiation of the transcription process. The TATA box is named for its conserved DNA sequence, which is most commonly TATA. Many eukaryotic genes have a conserved TATA box located 25-35 base pairs before the transcription start site of a gene. The TATA box is able to define the direction of transcription and also indicates the DNA strand to be read. The TATA box is recognized by the TATA-binding protein or TBP. TBP binds the TATA box directly by folding its DNA binding domain into a semi-symmetrical saddle shape, with the DNA in between the two sides of the saddle.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

Root is marked by presence of primary xylem and phloem in different radii, separated from each other while stem have them arranged side by side in same radius.

Root xylem is exarch xylem in which xylem formed first is present towards the periphery and is termed as protoxylem while metaxylem is present near the centre. Metaxylem is present towards inner side.

Hence, the correct option is (D).

Morphologically the white fluffy edible mass in maize is endosperm.

Endosperm develops after the formation of embryo. It functions as the nutritive tissue for the growing embryo. The endosperm is found as liquid (coconut water) and solid (coconut kernel, white fluffy part of maize). The endosperm found in maize is of nuclear type. 

Hence, the correct option is (C).