Biology Test 156

Ripe Banana is the most suitable, medium for culture of Drosophila melanogaster.

Drosophila melanogaster is commonly called as fruitfly and is often used in genetic and development biology researches. The ripe banana is the most suitable medium for the culture of this fly. 

Hence, the correct option is (C).

Ability to make sound is a defining characteristic of living organisms.

Growth is not observed in some living organisms.

1. Ability to make sound is also not observed in lower animals.

2. Many living organisms are unable to reproduce. Therefore, growth, ability to make sound, and reproduction are not considered as defining characteristics of living organisms.

3. Response to external stimuli or to the environment in which an organism’s lives is the most important characteristic of any living organism.

4. Every organism shows a response to its surrounding environment.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

US intend to cut its emissions by 26-28% by 2025 against 2005 levels and EU has pledged to lower it by 40% by 2030 against 1990 levels as part of the initial commitments. China will peak its emissions by 2030. The last one is incorrect.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

The plant group that produces spores and embryo but lacks vascular tissues and seeds is bryophyta.

Bryophytes are the plants which produces spores and embryos but they do not have vascular tissue system. While rhodophytes and phaeophytes are algae and produces spores (no embryos) only and pteridophytes produces spores, embryo and well developed vascular tissue system.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

The broadest category of the organism in biological taxonomy is a kingdom. 

Each unit or category of classification is termed a taxon. It represents a rank. For example, the basic level of classification is species, followed by genus, family, order, class, phylum, or division, in ascending order. The highest level of classification is known as the kingdom. 

Hence, the correct option is (C).

Flowering plants belongs to the sub-kingdom phanerogamae.

In 1853, Etcher modified the classification of kingdom Plantae by adding two subkingdoms, Cryptogams and Phanerogams. Subkingdom- Phanerogamae: Phanerogams are flowering plants. Phanerogams are seed bearing plants. These are most advanced plants. The word Phanerogams (or Phanerogamae) is made up of two Greek words “FANEROS” which means evident and “GAMOS” which means marriage. These are also known as spermatophytes. The word spermatophyte is also made from two Greek words “SPERMA” which means seed and “PHYTON” which means plant.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

Pruning of plants promotes branching due to sensitization of axillary buds by Indole Acetic Acid.

Pruning is the method of selectively removing plant parts like branches, buds, leaves, roots. When apical bud is removed, it results in branching due to sensitization of axillary buds by Indole Acetic Acid, a type of auxin. Pruning of any part of plant will give lower axillary buds a chance to pour their auxin into the stem. This makes plant bushy.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

A cross involving parents differing only in one trait is monohybrid.

Haploid – Organisms with one set of chromosomes.

Diploid – Organisms with two sets of chromosomes

Monohybrid – A cross is made between two parents differ on the basis of one trait is called Monohybrid.

Dihybrid – A cross is made between two parents differ on the basis of two traits is called Dihybrid.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

Presence of 15-20 vascular bundles is not a characteristic of the anatomy of dicotyledonous roots.

Dicot plants differ from the monocots in various ways. When considering the roots, the dicot root shows a similar epiblema and ground tissue the number of vascular bundles vary. The vascular bundles in dicot root are 2-6 alternate bundles of xylem and phloem with the xylem bundles exarch.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

A major characteristic of the monocot root is the presence of vasculature without cambium.

Monocot root characteristics:

1. Presence of thin walled cells in the epiblema.

2. Absence of cuticle and stomata.

3. Presence of unicellular root hairs.

4. Presence of passage cells and casparian thickenings in the endodermis.

5. Presence of parenchyma cells in the pericycle.

6. Presence of conjuctive tissue.

7. Presence of a distinct pith.

8. Presence of radial vascular bundles with polyarch condition and an exarch xylem.

Hence, the correct option is (A).