NEET Test 40

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NEET Test 40

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
4 / -1

What kind of evidence suggested that man is more closely related with chimpanzee than with other hominoid apes?

A
Evidence from DNA from sex chromosomes only

B
Comparison of chromosomes morphology only

C
Evidence from fossil remains and the fossil mitochondrial DNA alone

D
Evidence from DNA extracted from sex chromosome, autosomes and mitochondria

Solution

Chimpanzee is more closely related to man because of the following evidences.

1. chromosome banding pattern

2. DNA extracted from sex chromosomes

3. autosomes and mitochondrial similarity .

Some more similarities between human and chimpanzee are:

A) DNA matching showed similarity of humans with chimpanzee.

B) Almost similar banding pattern in chromosomes 3 and 6 of humans and chimpanzee.

C) Serum tests indicated homology between human and chimpanzee.
Question 2
4 / -1

Which one of the following scientist's name is correctly matched with the theory put forth by him?

A
Weismann - Theory of continuity of germplasm

B
Pasteur -- Inheritance of acquired characters

C
de Vries -- Natural selection

D
Mendel -- Theory of pangenesis
Solution
August Weismann, was a neo-Darwinian biologist who proposed the germplasm theory. He proposed the occurrence of an internal stimulus which affects germ cells and results in heritable variations.
- Pasteurgerm theory of diseases. This theory of disease states that certain diseases are caused by specific germs or infectious agents.
- Charles Darwin proposed the theory of natural selection the process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioural traits. Changes that allow an organism to better adapt to its environment will help it survive and have more offspring.
- Lamarck proposed the theory of inheritence of acquired characters in which he states that the internal force ends to increase the size of the body, the developmental ad power of action of an organ is directly proportional to its uses.
- Hugo de Vries proposed the mutation theory. according to this theory, new species originate as a result of large, discontinuous variation that appears suddenly.
- Darwin put forward the theory of pangenesis that stares that every organ of the body produces minute heredity particle called Paagenes ad they are carries through their blood into the gamates.
- Mendels proposed the theory of inheritance.
Question 3
4 / -1

Which one of the following statement is correct?

A
Stem cells are specialized cells

B
There is no evidence of the existence of gills during embryogenesis of mammals

C
All plant and animal cells are totipotent

D
Ontogeny repeats phylogeny

Solution

Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny was coined by Ernst Haeckel , a 19th century German biologist, it means that development of an organism ( ontogeny) expresses all the intermediate forms of its ancestors through evolution (phylogeny).
Question 4
4 / -1

Which one of the following is a living fossil?

A
cycas

B
Moss

C
Saccharomyces

D
Spirogyra

Solution

The cycas is considered as a living fossil because of several primitive features – now having only a few living representative of once a large group of plants (gymnosperms) that were there during the Mesozoic era.
Question 5
4 / -1

According to Oparin, which one of the following was not present in the primitive atmosphere of the earth?

A
Methane

B
Oxygen

C
Hydrogen

D
Water vapour

Solution

According to Oparin, the primitive earth had a reducing atmosphere was reducing because of presence of H atoms along with of H₂, N₂water vapour, CO₂, CH₄ and NH₃ were most numerous and most reactive but free oxygen was absent.
Question 6
4 / -1

In Hardy-Weinberg equation, the frequency of heterozygous individual is represented by

A
p²

B
2pq

C
pq

D
q²
Solution
According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, the frequency of alleles & genotype in a population remains constant from generation to generation, if the population is stable & in genetic equilibrium.

In a diploid organism, ‘p’ & ‘q’ represents the frequency of ‘A’ & ‘a’.

‘p’ represents the frequency of allele ‘A’ & where ‘AA’ is p²
- i.e. p² represents the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals in a population.
‘q’ represents the frequency of allele ‘a’ & where ‘aa’ is q²
- i.e. q² represents the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals in a population
2pq represents the frequency of 2Aa
- i.e. 2pq represents the frequency of heterozygous individuals in a population
According to him AA, Aa, aa forms the gene pool.

If conditions are fulfilled then p+q = 1
- Mathematically it is expressed as p² + 2pq + q² = 1
Question 7
4 / -1

Which of the following had the smallest brain capacity?

A
Homo erectus

B
Homo sapiens

C
Homo neanderthalensis

D
Homo habilis
Solution
In the course of human evolution, there is seen a gradual change in the brain capacities of early human beings.
- Homo habilis: the first human-like beings the hominid was homo habilis . They probably did not eat meat. They had the smallest brain capacity between 650-800cc cranial capacity and was about 1.2 to 1.5 m tall.
- Homo erectus is a species of archaic humans that lived throughout most of the Pleistocene geological epoch. Its earliest fossil evidence dates to 1.8 million years ago and had a brain capacity of 900cc.
- Homo Neanderthalensis has the brain capacity of 1300-1600cc. They had a slightly prognathous face. they were the legendary cave dweller, having heavy brow ridge and humped back.
- Earlier Homo sapiens had bodies with short, slender trunks and long limbs. Homo sapiens living today have an average brain size of about 1400-1450 cubic centimetres which makes-up 2.2% of our body weight.
Question 8
4 / -1

Which of the following animals show adaptive radiation based on locomotion?

A
Cheetah, kangaroo, mole

B
Scorpion, elephant, human

C
Cockroach, squirrel, toad

D
Praying mantis, seal, python

Solution

Adaptive radiation is defined as diversification of any specie into various forms, all of which are specialized to be adaptive to specific environmental niches. Adaptive radiation in mammals based on locomotion is seen in cheetah, kangaroo, fossorial or burrowing mole, flying bat, arboreal squirrel etc.
Question 9
4 / -1

A major breakthrough in the studies of cells came with the development of electron microscope. This is because:

A
the resolution power of the electron microscope is much higher than that of the light microscope

B
the resolving power of the electron microscope is 200 - 350 nm as cq pared to 0.1 - 0.2 nm for the light microscope

C
electron beam can pass through thick materials, whereas light microscopy requires thin sections

D
the electron microscope is more powerful than the light microscope as it uses a beam of electrons which has wavelength much longer than that of photons

Solution

Reason-the resolving power of electron microscope is 10 A °, which is 100 times more than the light microscope.
Question 10
4 / -1

Following are the two statements regarding the origin of life

I. The earliest organisms that appeared on the earth were non-green and presumably anaerobes.

II. The first autotrophic organisms were the chemoautotrophs that never released oxygen.

Of the above statements which one of the following options is correct?

A
II is correct but I is false

B
Both I and II are correct

C
Both I and II are false

D
I is correct but II is false
Solution
The earliest organisms which appeared on earth were anaerobic chemoautotrophs.

They were first autotrophic organisms and were unable to perform photolysis of water, thereby never released oxygen, e.g. sulphur bacteria.
- Chemoautotrophs are able to synthesize their own organic molecules from the fixation of carbon dioxide. These organisms are able to produce their own source of food or energy.
- The energy required for this process comes from the oxidation of inorganic molecules such as iron, sulfur or magnesium.
- Chemoautotrophs are able to thrive in very harsh environments, such as deep sea vents, due to their lack of dependence on outside sources of carbon other than carbon dioxide.
- Chemoautotrophs include nitrogen-fixing bacteria located in the soil, iron-oxidizing bacteria located in the lava beds, and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria located in deep sea thermal vents.
Question 11
4 / -1

The plot of ∆G˚ vs temperature for the formation of oxides of elements is called

A
Ellingham diagram

B
Free energy curve

C
Entropy curve

D
Isobar

Solution

The plot of ∆G˚ vs temperature for the formation of oxides of elements is called Ellingham diagram. The plots of ∆_fG (metal oxide) per mole of oxygen vs temperature are useful in deciding the reducing agent and temperature for reducing a specific metal oxide.
Question 12
4 / -1

Which of the following is most acidic?

A
Cl₂-CH-COOH

B
CCl₃-COOH

C
Cl-CH₂-COOH

D
CH₃-COOH

Solution

generally the presence of electron withdrawing group (EWG) increases the acidic character of the carboxylic acids. Higher the number of halogen atoms increases the strength of acid. Hence, trichloroacetic acid has the highest acidity among the given compounds.
Question 13
4 / -1

Arrange the following electrolytes in the increasing order of coagulation power for the coagulation of As₂S₃ solution

(I) Na₃PO₄ (II) MgCl₂ (III) AlCl₃

A
I > II > III

B
I < II < III

C
I = III < II

D
III < I < II

Solution

The number of anions in AlCl₃ = 3, MgCl₂ = 2, Na₃PO₄ = 1

More the number of anions, more is its coagulation power for coagulation of As₂S₃

Therefore, coagulation power is of order I<II<III
Question 14
4 / -1

The beans are cooked earlier in pressure cooker, because:

A
boiling point increases with increasing pressure

B
boiling point decreases with increasing pressure

C
Extra pressure of pressure cooker, softens the beans

D
Internal energy is not lost while cooking in pressure cooker

Solution

The beans are cooked earlier in pressure cooker because boiling point increases with increase in pressure.
i.e. P α T

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NEET Test 40

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NEET Test 40

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Question 1

Evidence from DNA from sex chromosomes only

Comparison of chromosomes morphology only

Evidence from fossil remains and the fossil mitochondrial DNA alone

Evidence from DNA extracted from sex chromosome, autosomes and mitochondria

Solution

Question 2

Weismann - Theory of continuity of germplasm

Pasteur -- Inheritance of acquired characters

de Vries -- Natural selection

Mendel -- Theory of pangenesis

Solution

Question 3

Stem cells are specialized cells

There is no evidence of the existence of gills during embryogenesis of mammals

All plant and animal cells are totipotent

Ontogeny repeats phylogeny

Solution

Question 4

cycas

Moss

Saccharomyces

Spirogyra

Solution

Question 5

Methane

Oxygen

Hydrogen

Water vapour

Solution

Question 6

p2

2pq

pq

q2

Solution

Question 7

Homo erectus

Homo sapiens

Homo neanderthalensis

Homo habilis

Solution

Question 8

Cheetah, kangaroo, mole

Scorpion, elephant, human

Cockroach, squirrel, toad

Praying mantis, seal, python

Solution

Question 9

the resolution power of the electron microscope is much higher than that of the light microscope

the resolving power of the electron microscope is 200 - 350 nm as cq pared to 0.1 - 0.2 nm for the light microscope

electron beam can pass through thick materials, whereas light microscopy requires thin sections

the electron microscope is more powerful than the light microscope as it uses a beam of electrons which has wavelength much longer than that of photons

Solution

Question 10

II is correct but I is false

Both I and II are correct

Both I and II are false

I is correct but II is false

Solution

Question 11

Ellingham diagram

Free energy curve

Entropy curve

Isobar

Solution

Question 12

Cl2-CH-COOH

CCl3-COOH

Cl-CH2-COOH

CH3-COOH

Solution

p²

q²

Cl₂-CH-COOH

CCl₃-COOH

Cl-CH₂-COOH

CH₃-COOH