NEET Test 51

Benzenediazonium chloride is a colourless crystalline solid. It is readily soluble in water and is stable in cold but reacts with water when warmed. It decomposes easily in the dry state.

• Prolactin was initially known as luteotrophic hormone (LTH).
• It is produced by the pars distalis region of the pituitary or anterior pituitary.
• The function of the Prolactin are as follows-

(a) Regulates growth of mammary glands. 
(b) Responsible for milk production. 
(c) Activates growth of breasts during pregnancy. 
(d) Responsible for milk secretion from mammary glands after child birth.

• Vasopressin is also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH) because it prevents diuresis i.e., water loss.
• It acts on nephrons of kidneys and stimulates the reabsorption of water from the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts.
• Failure of secretion of vasopressin leads to reduced renal reabsorption of water and consequent elimination of large volume of hypotonic urine (very dilute).
• This results in Diabetes Insipidus no glucose appears in the urine, but the volume of urine is increased.

• The cytoplasm of the synaptic knob contains tiny, round sacs known as synaptic vesicles.
• Each synaptic vesicle consists of 10,000 molecules of a neurotransmitter substance.
• Neurotransmitters are the chemicals participating in the transmission of nerve impulse across chemical synapses, but they are not involved in the transmission of nerve impulse at electrical synapses.
• Synaptic cleft is the space between neurons at a nerve synapse across which a nerve impulse is transmitted by a neurotransmitter also known as synaptic gap.

• The cerebellum is the second largest part of the brain after the cerebrum which is made up of two cerebellar hemispheres and a vermis.
• Its gray matter is present on outer side whereas white matter is present on inner side.
• The cerebellum does not initiate body movements but recognizes the motor commands.
• It coordinates locomotor activity in the body which is initiated by the impulses arising in the motor area of the forebrain.
• The cerebrum is the most prominent portion of the forebrain as well as form the major part of the human brain.
• Hypothalamus is another important part of the forebrain.
• Medulla Oblongata is the posterior part that connects various parts of the brain.