NEET Test 53

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NEET Test 53

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
4 / -1

Which one of the is a protein deficiency?

A
Pellagra

B
Beri-Beri

C
Marasmus

D
Cheilosis
Solution
- Marasmus is a protein deficiency that usually affects infants below the age of one year.
- Its symptoms are impaired growth and replacement of tissue proteins, thin limbs and prominent ribs (emaciated body), dry, wrinkled and thin skin, diarrhea.
- Beri-Beri is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin B1 or thiamine.
- Pellagra is caused by the deficiency of vitamin B3 or Niacin.
- Cheilosis is caused by the deficiency of vitamin B2 or riboflavin.
Question 2
4 / -1

Which cells of ‘Crypts of Lieberkuhn’ secrete hormones?

A
Paneth cells

B
Argentaffin cells

C
Epithelial cells

D
Brunner’s glands
Solution
- ‘Crypts of Lieberkühn’ or intestinal glands have epithelial cells that secrete mucus, Paneth cells that secrete digestive enzymes and Argentaffin cells secreting hormones.
- Brunner’s glands situated in sub-mucosa of duodenum secrete mucus.
- Throughout small intestine diffused patches of lymphoid tissues are present that are aggregated in ileum to form Peyer’s patches.
Question 3
4 / -1

Proximal Convoluted tubule is usually lined by

A
Cuboidal epithelium

B
Squamous epithelium

C
Simple epithelium

D
Ciliated epithelium
Solution
- Lower part of Bowman’s Capsule leads into Proximal Convoluted tubule (PCT).
- The latter is present in the cortex. It is highly coiled and surrounded by peritubular blood capillaries.
- Proximal Convoluted tubule is lined by cuboidal epithelium having brush borders with long microvilli for increasing absorptive area.
- The cell contains abundant mitochondria and food reserve for providing energy to perform active absorption and secretion.
Question 4
4 / -1

The only mode of excretion in desert amphibians and marine fishes which do not have glomeruli is

A
Tubular reabsorption

B
Ultra-filtration

C
Myogenic autoregulation

D
Tubular secretion
Solution
- The process in which tubular cells secrete metabolic wastes into filtrate is known as tubular secretion.
- It involves secretion of potassium ions, hydrogen ions ammonia and some wastes like hippuric acid, creatine, drugs, pigments, toxins etc.
- Desert amphibians and marine fishes have tubular secretion because they lack glomeruli.
- It regulates ionic and acid-base balance of body fluids. Therefore, it is an important step in the formation of urine.
- Ultrafiltration is the first of three processes by which metabolic wastes are separated from the blood and urine is formed.
- It is the non-specific filtration of the blood under high pressure and occurs in the Bowman’s capsule of the nephron.
- Tubular reabsorption is the process that moves solutes and water out of the filtrate and back into your bloodstream.
- Myogenic mechanisms in the kidney are part of the autoregulation mechanism which maintains a constant renal blood flow at varying arterial pressure.
- Concomitant autoregulation of glomerular pressure and filtration indicates regulation of preglomerular resistance.