Kinetic Theory Of Gases Test

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Question 1
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Kinetic theory explains the behavior

A
of liquids based on the idea that the liquids consist of rapidly moving atoms or molecules

B
of gases based on the idea that the gas consists of rapidly moving atoms or molecules

C
of solids based on the idea that the solid consists of rapidly vibrating atoms or molecules

D
of solids and liquids based on the idea that they gas consist of rapidly vibrating atoms or molecules

Question 2
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The number of degrees of freedom a diatomic molecule is

A
5.0

B
6

C
3

D
5.3

Question 3
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Three vessels of equal capacity have gases at the same temperature and pressure. The first vessel contains neon (monatomic), the second contains chlorine (diatomic), and the third contains uranium hexafluoride (polyatomic). The number of molecules

A
is the same in all three vessels

B
is the greatest in the vessel with neon

C
is the greatest in the vessel with chlorine

D
is the greatest in the vessel with uranium hexafluoride

Question 4
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A 14.5 kg mass, fastened to the end of a steel wire of unstretched length 1.0 m, is whirled in a vertical circle with an angular velocity of 2 rev/s at the bottom of the circle. The cross-sectional area of the wire is 0.065 cm². Calculate the elongation of the wire when the mass is at the lowest point of its path.

A
1.339 × 10⁻⁴ m

B
1.439 × 10⁻⁴ m

C
1.879 × 10⁻⁴ m

D
1.239 × 10⁻⁴ m

Question 5
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One mole of an ideal monatomic gas is at an initial temperature of 300 K. The gas undergoes an isovolumetric process, acquiring 500 J of energy by heat. It then undergoes an isobaric process, losing this same amount of energy by heat. Determine the new temperature of the gas

A
333 K

B
316 K

C
343 K

D
301 K

Question 6
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Kinetic theory

A
correctly explains specific heat capacities of many gases

B
correctly explains specific heat capacities of super cooled liquids

C
correctly explains specific heat capacities of many solids

D
correctly explains specific heat capacities of many liquids

Question 7
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The number of degrees of freedom a monatomic molecule is

A
2

B
1

C
3.0

D
4

Question 8
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Calculate the change in internal energy of 3.00 mol of helium gas when its temperature is increased by 2.00 K.

A
85.0 J

B
95.0 J

C
65.0 J

D
75.0 J

Question 9
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One mole of an ideal monatomic gas is at an initial temperature of 300 K. The gas undergoes an isovolumetric process, acquiring 500 J of energy by heat. It then undergoes an isobaric process, losing this same amount of energy by heat. Determine the work done on the gas.

A
123 J

B
231 J

C
333 J

D
200 J

Question 10
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Kinetic theory relates measurable properties.

A
of liquids such as viscosity, conduction and diffusion with molecular parameters, yielding estimates of molecular sizes and masses

B
of super cooled liquids such as viscosity, creep and diffusion with molecular parameters, yielding estimates of molecular sizes and masses

C
of solids such as expansion, conduction and elongation with molecular parameters, yielding estimates of molecular sizes and masses

D
of gases such as viscosity, conduction and diffusion with molecular parameters, yielding estimates of molecular sizes and masses

Question 11
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Mean free path is the

A
maximum distance between collisions

B
minimum distance between collisions

C
average distance between collisions

D
(maximum distance + minimum distance )/ 2 between collisions

Question 12
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According to Atomic Hypothesis:

A
All things are made of atoms - little particles that keep oscillating

B
All things are made of atoms - little particles that stay put at fixed points

C
All things are made of atoms - little particles that move around in perpetual motion

D
All things are made of atoms - little particles that move around in circles

Question 13
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1 mole of a monoatomic gas is mixed with 3 moles of a diatomic gas. What is the molecular specific heat of the mixture at constant volume?

A
12.5 J / mol K

B
18.7 J / mol K

C
15.2 J / mol K

D
22.6 J / mol K

Question 14
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According to Avogadro’s law:

A
Equal volumes of all gases at equal temperature and pressure have different number of molecules.

B
Equal volumes of all gases at equal temperature and pressure have the same number of molecules.

C
Equal volumes of all gases at equal temperature have the same number of molecules.

D
Equal volumes of all gases at equal pressure have the same number of molecules.

Question 15
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One mole of hydrogen gas is heated at constant pressure from 300 K to 420 K. Calculate the energy transferred by heat to the gas

A
3.86 kJ

B
3.49 kJ

C
3.66 kJ

D
3.26 kJ

Question 16
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In which case are the atoms relatively rigidly fixed?

A
gases

B
liquids and gases

C
solids

D
liquids

Question 17
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One mole of hydrogen gas is heated at constant pressure from 300 K to 420 K. Calculate the increase in its internal energy.

A
2.49 kJ

B
2.65 kJ

C
2.15 kJ

D
2.85 kJ

Question 18
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Two moles of an ideal gas (γ=1.4) expands slowly and adiabatically from a pressure of 5.00 atm and a volume of 12.0 L to a final volume of 30.0 L. What is the final pressure of the gas?

A
1.59 atm

B
1.09 atm

C
1.19 atm

D
1.39 atm

Question 19
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The average distance a molecule can travel without colliding is called the

A
mean free length

B
mean free path

C
mean free distance

D
mean free motion

Question 20
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According to Atomic Hypothesis: little particles of atom

A
attract each other when they are at small distance apart, but repel upon being squeezed into one another

B
repel each other when they are at small distance apart, but attract upon being squeezed into one another

C
repel each other when they are at small distance apart, but repel upon being squeezed into one another

D
repel each other when they are at large distance apart, but attract upon being separated from one another

Question 21
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In dynamic equilibrium, molecules collide and change their speeds during the collision

A
but the average properties vary.

B
but the average properties are constant.

C
but the peak properties vary.

D
but the r.m.s properties vary.

Question 22
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One mole of hydrogen gas is heated at constant pressure from 300 K to 420 K. Calculate the work done by the gas.

A
0.98kJ

B
1.27 kJ

C
1.11 kJ

D
0.93 kJ

Question 23
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The average kinetic energy of a molecule

A
is proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas

B
is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas

C
is inversely proportional to the molecular mass of the gas

D
is not dependent on absolute temperature of the gas

Question 24
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Figure shows plot of PV/T versus P for 1.00x10^-3 kg of oxygen gas at two different temperatures. What is the value of PV/T where the curves meet on the y-axis?

A
0.24 J K⁻¹

B
0.22 J K⁻¹

C
0.26 J K⁻¹

D
0.28 J K⁻¹

Question 25
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Nine particles have speeds of 5.00, 8.00, 12.0, 12.0, 12.0, 14.0, 14.0, 17.0, and 20.0 m/s. find the particles’ average speed.

A
16.7 m/s

B
10.7 m/s

C
12.7 m/s

D
8.7 m/s

Question 26
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What is the root-mean-square speed of helium atoms in a balloon of diameter 30.0 cm at 20.0⁰C and 1.00 atm?

A
1.49 km/s

B
1.35 km/s

C
1.57 km/s

D
1.15 km/s

Question 27
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For a rope of yield strength Sy loaded in tension with weight Mg the minimum area A of the rope should be

A
A ≥ Mg/2 Sy

B
A ≥ Mg Sy

C
A ≥ Mg/ Sy

D
A ≥ Mg/3 Sy

Question 28
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Estimate the total number of air molecules (inclusive of oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor and other constituents) in a room of capacity 25.0 m³ at a temperature of 27⁰C and 1 atm pressure.

A
6.50 x 10²⁶

B
6.60 x 10²⁶

C
6.10 x 10²⁶

D
6.30 x 10²⁶

Question 29
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In a 30.0-s interval, 500 hailstones strike a glass window with an area of 0.600 m² at an angle of 45.0° to the window surface. Each hailstone has a mass of 5.00 g and a speed of 8.00 m/s. If the collisions are elastic, what is the pressure on the window?

A
1.97 Pa

B
1.57 Pa

C
1.13 Pa

D
1.32 Pa

Question 30
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Four liters of a diatomic ideal gas ( λ =1.4) confined to a cylinder is subject to a closed cycle. Initially, the gas is at 1.00 atm and at 300 K. First, its pressure is tripled under constant volume. Then, it expands adiabatically to its original pressure. Finally, the gas is compressed isobarically to its original volume. Find the temperature at the end of the cycle

A
276 K

B
285 K

C
300 K

D
332 K

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Kinetic Theory ...

Question 1

of liquids based on the idea that the liquids consist of rapidly moving atoms or molecules

of gases based on the idea that the gas consists of rapidly moving atoms or molecules

of solids based on the idea that the solid consists of rapidly vibrating atoms or molecules

of solids and liquids based on the idea that they gas consist of rapidly vibrating atoms or molecules

Question 2

5.0

6

3

5.3

Question 3

is the same in all three vessels

is the greatest in the vessel with neon

is the greatest in the vessel with chlorine

is the greatest in the vessel with uranium hexafluoride

Question 4

1.339 × 10−4 m

1.439 × 10−4 m

1.879 × 10−4 m

1.239 × 10−4 m

Question 5

333 K

316 K

343 K

301 K

Question 6

correctly explains specific heat capacities of many gases

correctly explains specific heat capacities of super cooled liquids

correctly explains specific heat capacities of many solids

correctly explains specific heat capacities of many liquids

Question 7

2

1

3.0

4

Question 8

85.0 J

95.0 J

65.0 J

75.0 J

Question 9

123 J

231 J

333 J

200 J

Question 10

of liquids such as viscosity, conduction and diffusion with molecular parameters, yielding estimates of molecular sizes and masses

of super cooled liquids such as viscosity, creep and diffusion with molecular parameters, yielding estimates of molecular sizes and masses

of solids such as expansion, conduction and elongation with molecular parameters, yielding estimates of molecular sizes and masses

of gases such as viscosity, conduction and diffusion with molecular parameters, yielding estimates of molecular sizes and masses

Question 11

maximum distance between collisions

minimum distance between collisions

average distance between collisions

(maximum distance + minimum distance )/ 2 between collisions

Question 12

All things are made of atoms - little particles that keep oscillating

All things are made of atoms - little particles that stay put at fixed points

All things are made of atoms - little particles that move around in perpetual motion

All things are made of atoms - little particles that move around in circles

Question 13

12.5 J / mol K

18.7 J / mol K

15.2 J / mol K

22.6 J / mol K

Question 14

Equal volumes of all gases at equal temperature and pressure have different number of molecules.

Equal volumes of all gases at equal temperature and pressure have the same number of molecules.

Equal volumes of all gases at equal temperature have the same number of molecules.

Equal volumes of all gases at equal pressure have the same number of molecules.

Question 15

3.86 kJ

3.49 kJ

3.66 kJ

3.26 kJ

Question 16

gases

liquids and gases

solids

1.339 × 10⁻⁴ m

1.439 × 10⁻⁴ m

1.879 × 10⁻⁴ m

1.239 × 10⁻⁴ m

0.24 J K⁻¹

0.22 J K⁻¹

0.26 J K⁻¹

0.28 J K⁻¹

6.50 x 10²⁶

6.60 x 10²⁶

6.10 x 10²⁶

6.30 x 10²⁶