Electrostatics Test - 16

Definition based

Potential = high potential - low potential
so our high potential is 90V and low potential is 10V,
potential = 90-(-10)=100V

Definition based

In the direction of electric field the electric potential decreases. This is because electric potential is the work done against the direction of the electric field.

The electric field lines are perpendicular to the equipotential surface. The field lines can not intersect each other because the electric force can not have two directions at a point.

The shape of equipotential surface for an infinite line charge is coaxial cylindrical because A curved surface on which potential is constant is equipotential curve . If we consider the line charge then the focus of the point should have the same potential hence it is a coaxial cylinder.

We can generalise it by assuming a positive charge moving away from another positive charge. now both of them are repelling each other with some force. so that positive charge will accelerate which results in the increase in K.E.

Shape of equipotential surfaces for a uniform electric field along x-axis are Planes normal to the field.

As we know that electric field is in the reverse sense of the directional gradient of electric potential, so if V is constant, E should be zero. So, for E to be zero, either V has to be zero, or constant, or the 3 directional derivative components of V must cancel out each other in space. So we can not claim that V always has to be zero, if E is zero in a region, since E is a vector & V is a scalar quantity. But if V is zero, then surely E has to be zero; the reverse case is not always true.
 

Definition based