Nuclear Test

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Nuclear Test - 7

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Question 1
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Directions : In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as.
Assertion (A): Nuclear force is same between neutron-neutron, proton-proton and neutron proton.
Reason (R): Nuclear force is charge independent.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

C
C. A is true but R is false

D
D. A is false and R is true

Solution

Nuclear force acts between nucleons. It is a powerful attractive force and acts in a very short distance. Neutrons are electrically neutral. So, neutronneutron is neither attractive nor repulsive force acting. So, Nuclear force binds them together. Protons are having +e charge each. They experience a repulsive force. But for the short distance, the attractive nuclear force is strong enough to overcome this force.
So, assertion and reason both are true and the reason explains the assertion.
Question 2
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Directions : In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as.
Assertion (A): The binding energy per nucleon, for nuclei with mass number (A) > 56 decreases with A.
Reason (R): Nuclear force is weak in heavier nuclei.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

C
C. A is true but R is false

D
D. A is false and R is true

Solution

From the binding energy per nucleon vs. mass number, we find that binding energy per nucleon is maximum at A=56. After that, binding energy per nucleon decreases as A increases. So, the assertion is true.
Nuclear force remains the same for all nuclei. Hence the reason is false.
Question 3
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Directions : In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as.
Assertion (A): Two atoms of different elements having the same mass number but different atomic numbers are called isobars.
Reason (R): Atomic number is the number of protons present and atomic number is the total number of protons and neutrons present in a nucleus.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

C
C. A is true but R is false

D
D. A is false and R is true

Solution

Two atoms of different elements having the same mass number but different atomic numbers are called isobars. The assertion is true.
Atomic number is the number of protons present and atomic number is the total number of protons and neutrons present in a nucleus. The reason is also true. But the reason does not explain the assertion.
Question 4
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Directions : In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as.
Assertion (A): Electrons do not experience strong nuclear force.
Reason (R): Strong nuclear force is charge independent.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

C
C. A is true but R is false

D
D. A is false and R is true

Solution

Nuclear force is a powerful attractive force acts as long as the distance between particles is within 10–15 m. This force is charge independent. But as distance increases, the effect of nuclear force rapidly falls. Electrons are distributed far away. The distance is beyond the range of the nuclear force. Hence nuclear force has no effect on electrons.
So, the assertion and reason both are true. But the reason does not explain the assertion.
Question 5
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Directions : In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as.
Assertion (A): Density of all the nuclei is same.
Reason (R): Radius of nucleus is directly proportional to the cube root of mass number.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

C
C. A is true but R is false

D
D. A is false and R is true

Solution

Radius of nucleus= R = R₀A^1/3.
So, Volume of nucleus, V =
Considering mass of proton = mass of neutron = m
The mass of the nucleus = M = mA
So, density = M/V =
So, the mean density is independent of mass number.
So, assertion and reason both are true and the reason properly explains the assertion.
Question 6
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Directions: These questions consist of two statements, each printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering these questions, you are required to choose any one of the following four responses.
Assertion : Density of all the nuclei is the same.
Reason : Radius of nucleus is directly proportional to the cube root of mass number.

A
A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

B
B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

C
C. If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

D
D. If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Solution

Experimentally, it is found that the average radius of a nucleus is given by R = R₀A^1/3 where R₀ = 1.1 × 10⁻¹⁵ m = 1.1 fm
and A = mass number
Question 7
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Directions: These questions consist of two statements, each printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering these questions, you are required to choose any one of the following four responses.
Assertion : The mass number of a nucleus is always less than its atomic number.
Reason : Mass number of a nucleus may be equal to its atomic number.

A
A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

B
B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

C
C. If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

D
D. If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Solution

In case of hydrogen atom mass number and atomic number are equal.
Question 8
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Directions: These questions consist of two statements, each printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering these questions, you are required to choose any one of the following four responses.
Assertion : Radioactivity of 108 undecayed radioactive nuclei of half life of 50 days is equal to that of 1.2 × 108 number of undecayed nuclei of some other material with half life of 60 days.
Reason : Radioactivity is proportional to half-life.

A
A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

B
B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

C
C. If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

D
D. If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Solution

Radioactivity =
0.693 × 2 × 10⁶.
Radioactivity is proportional to 1/T_1/2 , and not to T_1/2
Question 9
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Directions: These questions consist of two statements, each printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering these questions, you are required to choose any one of the following four responses.
Assertion : Radioactive nuclei emit β^–1 particles.
Reason : Electrons exist inside the nucleus.

A
A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

B
B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

C
C. If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

D
D. If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Solution

Electrons are not inside the nucleus.
Question 10
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Directions: These questions consist of two statements, each printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering these questions, you are required to choose any one of the following four responses.
Assertion : The heavier nuclei tend to have larger N/Z ratio because neutrons do not exert electric force.
Reason : Coulomb forces have longer range compared to the nuclear force.

A
A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

B
B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

C
C. If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

D
D. If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Solution

This is because in heavy nuclei, the N/Z ratio becomes larger in order to maintain their stability and reduce instability caused due to the repulsion among the protons.The neutrons exert only attractive short-range nuclear forces on each other as well as on the neighbouring protons, whereas the protons exert attractive short-range nuclear forces on each other as well as the electrostatic repulsive force. Thus, the nuclei with high mass numbers, in order to be stable, have a large neutron to proton ratio (N/Z).

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Nuclear Test - 7

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Nuclear Test - 7

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Question 1

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

C. A is true but R is false

D. A is false and R is true

Solution

Question 2

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

C. A is true but R is false

D. A is false and R is true

Solution

Question 3

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

C. A is true but R is false

D. A is false and R is true

Solution

Question 4

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

C. A is true but R is false

D. A is false and R is true

Solution

Question 5

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

C. A is true but R is false

D. A is false and R is true

Solution

Question 6

A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

C. If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

D. If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Solution

Question 7

A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

C. If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

D. If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Solution

Question 8

A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

C. If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

D. If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Solution

Question 9

A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

C. If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

D. If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Solution

Question 10

A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

C. If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

D. If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Solution

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