Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Test 13

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Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Test 13

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Question 1
1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Sparking Brilliance of Diamond: The total internal reflection of the light is used in polishing diamonds to create a sparking brilliance.
By polishing the diamond with specific cuts, it is adjusted the most of the light rays approaching the surface are incident with an angle of incidence more than critical angle. Hence, they suffer multiple reflections and ultimately come out of diamond from the top. This gives the diamond a sparking brilliance.
Q. The critical angle for a diamond is 24.4°. Then its refractive index is:

A
A. 2.42

B
B. 0.413

C
C. 1

D
D. 1.413

Solution

Refractive index = 1/ sin
C = critical angle = 24.4
∴ µ = 1/sin 24.4 = 1/0.4131 = 2.42
Question 2
1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Sparking Brilliance of Diamond: The total internal reflection of the light is used in polishing diamonds to create a sparking brilliance.
By polishing the diamond with specific cuts, it is adjusted the most of the light rays approaching the surface are incident with an angle of incidence more than critical angle. Hence, they suffer multiple reflections and ultimately come out of diamond from the top. This gives the diamond a sparking brilliance.
Q. A diamond is immersed in a liquid with a refractive index greater than water. Then the critical angle for total internal reflection will:

A
A. depend on the nature of the liquid.

B
B. decrease.

C
C. remains the same.

D
D. increase.

Solution

A diamond is immersed in a liquid with a refractive index greater than water. Then the critical angle for total internal reflection will increase.
This is because, as the refractive index of outer medium increases, the refracted ray bends less away from normal. So, angle of incidence should increase more to achieve 90° angle of refraction.
Question 3
1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Sparking Brilliance of Diamond: The total internal reflection of the light is used in polishing diamonds to create a sparking brilliance.
By polishing the diamond with specific cuts, it is adjusted the most of the light rays approaching the surface are incident with an angle of incidence more than critical angle. Hence, they suffer multiple reflections and ultimately come out of diamond from the top. This gives the diamond a sparking brilliance.
Q. Light cannot easily escape a diamond without multiple internal reflections. This is because:

A
A. its critical angle with reference to air is too large.

B
B. its critical angle with reference to air is too small.

C
C. the diamond is transparent.

D
D. rays always enter at angle greater than critical angle.

Solution

Light cannot easily escape a diamond, because its critical angle with air is too small. Most of the reflections are total and it is cut so that light can exit only in particular direction —thus light is concentrated inside and making the diamond sparkle.
Question 4
1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Sparking Brilliance of Diamond: The total internal reflection of the light is used in polishing diamonds to create a sparking brilliance.
By polishing the diamond with specific cuts, it is adjusted the most of the light rays approaching the surface are incident with an angle of incidence more than critical angle. Hence, they suffer multiple reflections and ultimately come out of diamond from the top. This gives the diamond a sparking brilliance.
Q. The basic reason for the extraordinary sparkle of suitably cut diamond is that:

A
A. it has low refractive index.

B
B. it has high transparency.

C
C. it has high refractive index.

D
D. i t is very hard.

Solution

The brilliance of diamond is due to its too small critical angle with air. As the critical angle become smaller, value of sine of critical angle also become small and hence refractive index increases (since μ= 1/sinC). So, the basic reason for the extraordinary sparkle of suitably cut diamond is its high refractive index.
Question 5
1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Sparking Brilliance of Diamond: The total internal reflection of the light is used in polishing diamonds to create a sparking brilliance.
By polishing the diamond with specific cuts, it is adjusted the most of the light rays approaching the surface are incident with an angle of incidence more than critical angle. Hence, they suffer multiple reflections and ultimately come out of diamond from the top. This gives the diamond a sparking brilliance.
Q. The following diagram shows same diamond cut in two different shapes.
The brilliance of diamond in the second diamond will be:

A
A. less than the first.

B
B. greater than first.

C
C. same as first.

D
D. will depend on the intensity of light.

Solution

The brilliance of diamond in the second diamond will be less than the first since in the second case, no total internal reflection has taken place.
Question 6
1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Photometry:
The measurement of light as perceived by human eye is called photometry. Photometry is measurement of a physiological phenomenon, being the stimulus of light as received by the human eye, transmitted by the optic nerves and analysed by the brain. The main physical quantities in photometry are (i) the luminous intensity of the source, (ii) the luminous flux or flow of light from the source and (iii) illuminance of the surface. The SI unit of luminous intensity (I) is candela (cd). The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 1012 Hz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. If a light source emits one candela of luminous intensity into a solid angle of one steradian, the total luminous flux emitted into that solid angle is one lumen (lm). A standard 100 watt incandescent light bulb emits approximately 1700 lumens.
Q. Light received by human eye is analysed by:

A
retina

B
brain

C
optic nerve

D
nervous system

Solution

Light received by the human eye, transmitted by the optic nerves and analysed by the brain.
Question 7
1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Photometry:
The measurement of light as perceived by human eye is called photometry. Photometry is measurement of a physiological phenomenon, being the stimulus of light as received by the human eye, transmitted by the optic nerves and analysed by the brain. The main physical quantities in photometry are (i) the luminous intensity of the source, (ii) the luminous flux or flow of light from the source and (iii) illuminance of the surface. The SI unit of luminous intensity (I) is candela (cd). The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 1012 Hz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. If a light source emits one candela of luminous intensity into a solid angle of one steradian, the total luminous flux emitted into that solid angle is one lumen (lm). A standard 100 watt incandescent light bulb emits approximately 1700 lumens.
Q. Unit of luminous flux is:

A
Candela

B
Steradian

C
Nit

D
Lumen

Solution

The total luminous flux emitted into a solid angle is one lumen (lm).
Question 8
1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Photometry:
The measurement of light as perceived by human eye is called photometry. Photometry is measurement of a physiological phenomenon, being the stimulus of light as received by the human eye, transmitted by the optic nerves and analysed by the brain. The main physical quantities in photometry are (i) the luminous intensity of the source, (ii) the luminous flux or flow of light from the source and (iii) illuminance of the surface. The SI unit of luminous intensity (I) is candela (cd). The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 1012 Hz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. If a light source emits one candela of luminous intensity into a solid angle of one steradian, the total luminous flux emitted into that solid angle is one lumen (lm). A standard 100 watt incandescent light bulb emits approximately 1700 lumens.
Q. What is photometry?

A
Measurement of light as perceived by human eye

B
Measurement of number of photons emerging from a light source

C
Measurement of electrons emitted by photosensitive surface

D
Measurement of photosensitivity

Solution

The measurement of light as perceived by human eye is called photometry.
Question 9
1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Photometry:
The measurement of light as perceived by human eye is called photometry. Photometry is measurement of a physiological phenomenon, being the stimulus of light as received by the human eye, transmitted by the optic nerves and analysed by the brain. The main physical quantities in photometry are (i) the luminous intensity of the source, (ii) the luminous flux or flow of light from the source and (iii) illuminance of the surface. The SI unit of luminous intensity (I) is candela (cd). The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 1012 Hz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. If a light source emits one candela of luminous intensity into a solid angle of one steradian, the total luminous flux emitted into that solid angle is one lumen (lm). A standard 100 watt incandescent light bulb emits approximately 1700 lumens.
Q. The SI unit of luminous intensity is:

A
Dioptre

B
Steradian

C
Candela

D
Lumen

Solution

The SI unit of luminous intensity (I) is candela (cd).
Question 10
1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Photometry:
The measurement of light as perceived by human eye is called photometry. Photometry is measurement of a physiological phenomenon, being the stimulus of light as received by the human eye, transmitted by the optic nerves and analysed by the brain. The main physical quantities in photometry are (i) the luminous intensity of the source, (ii) the luminous flux or flow of light from the source and (iii) illuminance of the surface. The SI unit of luminous intensity (I) is candela (cd). The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 1012 Hz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. If a light source emits one candela of luminous intensity into a solid angle of one steradian, the total luminous flux emitted into that solid angle is one lumen (lm). A standard 100 watt incandescent light bulb emits approximately 1700 lumens.
Q. A standard 100 watt incandescent light bulb emits approximately:

A
A. 1700 Lumen

B
B. 700 Lumen

C
C. 1200 Lumen

D
D. 1000 Lumen

Solution

A standard 100 watt incandescent light bulb emits approximately 1700 lumens.
Question 11
1 / -0
Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Optical Fibre:
Optical fibre works on the principle of total internal reflection. Light rays can be used to transmit a huge amount of data, but there is a problem here – the light rays travel in straight lines. So unless we have a long straight wire without any bends at all, harnessing this advantage will be very tedious. Instead, the optical cables are designed such that they bend all the light rays’ inwards (using TIR). Light rays travel continuously, bouncing off the optical fibre walls and transmitting end to end data. It is usually made of plastic or glass.
Modes of transmission: Single-mode fibre is used for long-distance transmission, while multi- mode fiber is used for shorter distances. The outer cladding of these fibres needs better protection than metal wires. Although light signals do degrade over progressing distances due to absorption and scattering. Then, optical Regenerator system is necessary to boost the signal.
Types of Optical Fibres: The types of optical fibers depend on the refractive index, materials used, and mode of propagation of light. The classification based on the refractive index is as follows:
Step Index Fibres: It consists of a core surrounded by the cladding, which has a single uniform index of refraction.

Graded Index Fibres: The refractive index of the optical fibre decreases as the radial distance from the fibre axis increases.

Q. For long-distance transmission:

A. single mode fibre is used.

B. multi-mode fibre is used.

C. both single mode and multi-mode are used.

D. any one of single mode or multi-mode may be used.

Solution

Single-mode fibre is used for long-distance transmission, while multi-mode fibre is used for shorter distances.

Question 12

1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:

Optical Fibre:

Optical fibre works on the principle of total internal reflection. Light rays can be used to transmit a huge amount of data, but there is a problem here – the light rays travel in straight lines. So unless we have a long straight wire without any bends at all, harnessing this advantage will be very tedious. Instead, the optical cables are designed such that they bend all the light rays’ inwards (using TIR). Light rays travel continuously, bouncing off the optical fibre walls and transmitting end to end data. It is usually made of plastic or glass.

Modes of transmission: Single-mode fibre is used for long-distance transmission, while multi- mode fiber is used for shorter distances. The outer cladding of these fibres needs better protection than metal wires. Although light signals do degrade over progressing distances due to absorption and scattering. Then, optical Regenerator system is necessary to boost the signal.

Types of Optical Fibres: The types of optical fibers depend on the refractive index, materials used, and mode of propagation of light. The classification based on the refractive index is as follows:

Step Index Fibres: It consists of a core surrounded by the cladding, which has a single uniform index of refraction.

Graded Index Fibres: The refractive index of the optical fibre decreases as the radial distance from the fibre axis increases.

Q. In graded index optical fibre:

A. the refractive index of the optical fibre increases as the radial distance from the fibre axis increases.

B. the refractive index of the optical fibre decreases as the radial distance from the fibre axis increases.

C. the refractive index of the optical fibre remains same throughout.

D. inner side of cladding is mirrored to ensure reflection.

Solution

In graded index fibres, the refractive index of the optical fibre decreases as the radial distance from the fibre axis increases.

Question 13

1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:

Optical Fibre:

Types of Optical Fibres: The types of optical fibers depend on the refractive index, materials used, and mode of propagation of light. The classification based on the refractive index is as follows:

Step Index Fibres: It consists of a core surrounded by the cladding, which has a single uniform index of refraction.

Graded Index Fibres: The refractive index of the optical fibre decreases as the radial distance from the fibre axis increases.

Q. Optical fibre works on the principle of:

A. scattering of light.

B. diffraction of light.

C. total internal reflection of light.

D. dispersion of light.

Solution

The optical fibre works on the principle of total internal reflection.

Question 14

1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:

Optical Fibre:

Types of Optical Fibres: The types of optical fibers depend on the refractive index, materials used, and mode of propagation of light. The classification based on the refractive index is as follows:

Step Index Fibres: It consists of a core surrounded by the cladding, which has a single uniform index of refraction.

Graded Index Fibres: The refractive index of the optical fibre decreases as the radial distance from the fibre axis increases.

Q. Optical fibre is made of:

A. copper

B. semiconductor

C. plastic or glass

D. superconductors

Solution

Optical fibre is usually made of plastic or glass, so that light rays can travel continuously, bouncing off the optical fibre walls and can be transmitting end to end data.

Question 15

1 / -0

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:

Optical Fibre:

Types of Optical Fibres: The types of optical fibers depend on the refractive index, materials used, and mode of propagation of light. The classification based on the refractive index is as follows:

Step Index Fibres: It consists of a core surrounded by the cladding, which has a single uniform index of refraction.

Graded Index Fibres: The refractive index of the optical fibre decreases as the radial distance from the fibre axis increases.

Q. Light signal through optical fibre may degrade due to:

A. refraction.

B. refraction and reflection.

C. diffraction and scattering.

D. scattering and absorption.

Solution

Light signals do degrade over progressing distances due to absorption and scattering.

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Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Test 13

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Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Test 13

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Question 1

A. 2.42

B. 0.413

C. 1

D. 1.413

Solution

Question 2

A. depend on the nature of the liquid.

B. decrease.

C. remains the same.

D. increase.

Solution

Question 3

A. its critical angle with reference to air is too large.

B. its critical angle with reference to air is too small.

C. the diamond is transparent.

D. rays always enter at angle greater than critical angle.

Solution

Question 4

A. it has low refractive index.

B. it has high transparency.

C. it has high refractive index.

D. i t is very hard.

Solution

Question 5

A. less than the first.

B. greater than first.

C. same as first.

D. will depend on the intensity of light.

Solution

Question 6

retina

brain

optic nerve

nervous system

Solution

Question 7

Candela

Steradian

Nit

Lumen

Solution

Question 8

Measurement of light as perceived by human eye

Measurement of number of photons emerging from a light source

Measurement of electrons emitted by photosensitive surface

Measurement of photosensitivity

Solution

Question 9

Dioptre

Steradian

Candela

Lumen

Solution

Question 10

A. 1700 Lumen

B. 700 Lumen

C. 1200 Lumen

D. 1000 Lumen

Solution

Question 11

A. single mode fibre is used.

B. multi-mode fibre is used.

C. both single mode and multi-mode are used.

D. any one of single mode or multi-mode may be used.

Solution

Question 12

A. the refractive index of the optical fibre increases as the radial distance from the fibre axis increases.

B. the refractive index of the optical fibre decreases as the radial distance from the fibre axis increases.

C. the refractive index of the optical fibre remains same throughout.

D. inner side of cladding is mirrored to ensure reflection.

Solution