Structure of Atom Test

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Structure of Atom Test - 3

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Question 1
1 / -0

Cathode rays have

A
only mass

B
only charge

C
no mass and no charge

D
both mass and charge

Solution

Cathode rays is a beam of electrons that emerges form the cathode and moves towards the anode in a cathode ray tube when high potential difference is applied under reduced pressure. Electrons are material particles, although the mass is negligible (9.1 × 10^-28 g) and carry 1 unit (1.6 × 10^-19 C) of negative charge. Hence, option (4) is correct.
Question 2
1 / -0

Atoms of elements A and B, having same mass number but different atomic numbers are called

A
isotopes

B
isobars

C
isotones

D
isomers

Solution

Atoms of elements A and B, having same mass number but different atomic numbers are called isobars.
Question 3
1 / -0

The isotopes of an element differ in

A
the charge on the nucleus

B
the number of neutrons in the nucleus

C
the number of extra nuclear electrons

D
both the nuclear charge and the number of extra nuclear electrons

Solution

Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons; the different possible versions of each element are called isotopes. For example, the most common isotope of hydrogen has no neutrons at all; there's also a hydrogen isotope called deuterium, with one neutron, and another, tritium, with two neutrons.
Question 4
1 / -0

When alpha particles are sent through a thin metal foil ,most of them go straight through the foil because

A
alpha particles are much heavier than electrons

B
alpha particles are positively charged

C
most part of the atom is empty space

D
alpha particles move with high velocity

Solution

When alpha particles are sent through a thin metal foil, most of them go straight through the foil because when alpha particles are sent through a thin metal foil, most of them go straight through the foil because.
Question 5
1 / -0

The number of neutrons, in dipositive zinc ion Zn²⁺, with mass number 70 is

A
34

B
36

C
38

D
40

Solution

The number of neutrons, in dipositive zinc ion Zn²⁺, with mass number 70 is 40.
Question 6
1 / -0

An electron in a 4s orbital has a magnetic quantum number value of

A
-2

B
0

C
-3

D
1

Solution

For 4s orbital,
n = 4, l = 0, m = 0
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is wrong?

A
All photons do not carry the same amount of energy

B
The energy of radiation increases with decrease in the wavelength

C
The energy of radiation increases with increase in the wave number

D
None of these

Solution

All the given statements are correct.
Question 8
1 / -0

Bohr model can explain the

A
spectrum of hydrogen atom only

B
spectrum of an atom or ion containing one electron only

C
spectrum of hydrogen molecule

D
solar spectrum

Solution

Bohr's model is valid for single electron species. It can explain the spectrum of an atom or ion containing one electron only.
For example: H-atom, He⁺¹, Li^+2, Be⁺³.
Question 9
1 / -0

The principal quantum number of an atom is related to the

A
main energy level

B
spin angular momentum

C
orbital angular momentum

D
orientation of the orbital in space

Solution

The principal quantum number of an atom is related to the main energy level.
Question 10
1 / -0

Electromagnetic radiation with maximum wave length is

A
radiowave

B
ultra - violet

C
X - rays

D
infrared

Solution

Electromagnetic radiation with maximum wave length is radiowave.
Question 11
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is correct?

A
The different energy levels are equally spaced.

B
The energy of the electron decreases as the value of n increases.

C
The energy of the electrons in an atom is negative.

D
Bohr's theory explains the spectrum of multi-electron atoms.

Solution

An electron in an atom has negative energy because it is in a bound state. That means that it cannot escape the atom unless it is given energy.
Question 12
1 / -0

Atoms may be regarded as comprising of protons neutrons and electrons. If the mass attributed to a neutron were halved and that attributed to the electron were doubled, the atomic mass of ₆C¹² would

A
remain approximately the same

B
be approximately doubled

C
be approximately halved

D
be reduced approximately by 25%

Solution

In ₆C¹² number of neutrons = 6 and protons = 6. If mass of neutron is halved, the atomic mass will now be 9, in place of initial mass 12 and reduction of 25% will be there.
Question 13
1 / -0

It is impossible to determine the exact position and the exact momentum of an electron, simultaneously. This statement is known as:

A
Pauli's Exclusion Principle

B
Hund's Rule

C
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle

D
Aufbau's Principle

Solution

Heisenberg's gave the uncertainty principle stating that it is practically impossible to determine the exact position and momentum of an electron, simultaneously.
Question 14
1 / -0

Directions: The following question has four choices out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

The Aufbau's principle implies that a new electron will enter an orbital, for which,

A
n has a lower value

B
I has a lower value

C
the value of (n + l) is minimum

D
the value of (n + l) is maximum

Solution

The Aufbau's principle implies that a new electron will enter an orbital, for which, the value of (n + l) is minimum.
Question 15
1 / -0

Rutherford's alpha particles scattering experiment eventually led to the conclusion that

A
mass and energy are related

B
electrons occupy space around the nucleus

C
neutrons are buried deep in the nucleus

D
the point of impact with matter can be precisely determined

Solution

Rutherford's alpha particles scattering experiment eventually led to the conclusion that electrons occupy space around the nucleus.
Question 16
1 / -0

Which of the following sets of quantum numbers is correct for an electron in a 4f orbital?

A
n = 4, I = 3, m = 4, s = 1/2

B
n = 4, I = 4, m = 0, s = 1/2

C
n = 4, I = 2, m = -1, s = 1/2

D
n = 4, I = 3, m = -2, s = 1/2

Solution

The following set of quantum numbers is possible for an electron in a 4f orbital:
n = 4
l = 3
m = -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3
s = +1/2 or -1/2
Hence, option (4) is correct.
Question 17
1 / -0

The addition of a neutron to the nucleus of an atom results in the

A
formation of an isobar

B
formation of an isotope

C
formation of an isotone

D
increase in mass number and atomic number

Solution

The addition of a neutron to the nucleus of an atom does not effect the atomic number but adds to the atomic mass. The resultant atom is an isotope of the same element.
Hence, option (2) is correct.
Question 18
1 / -0

Which of the following isoelectronic species has more electrons than neutron?

A
O^2-

B
F^-

C
Na⁺

D
Mg²⁺

Solution

Each of the given ions has 10 electrons. Hence, O^2-, F^-, Na⁺ and Mg²⁺ are isoelectronic species.
For F^-, Z = 9 A = 19 n = 10
For Na⁺, Z = 11, A = 23, n = 12
For Mg²⁺, Z = 12 A = 24 n = 12
For O^2-, Z = 8 A = 16 n = 8
Therefore, the number of neutrons are less than the number of electrons in the oxide (O^-2) ion.
Question 19
1 / -0

The maximum number of 4f electrons, having spin quantum number 1/2 is

A
2

B
5

C
3

D
7

Solution

The maximum number of 4f electrons, having spin quantum number 1/2 is 7.
Question 20
1 / -0

The statement 'An s orbital is spherical in shape', means that

A
the probability of finding an electron, at a given distance from the nucleus in this orbital, is same in all directions.

B
the electron density in this orbital is distributed on the surface of a sphere.

C
the electrons in this orbital are present in the centre of a sphere.

D
the electrons in this orbital are moving in circles inside a sphere.

Solution

The statement 'An s orbital is spherical in shape', means that the probability of finding an electron, at a given distance from the nucleus in this orbital, is same in all directions.
Question 21
1 / -0

Electronic configuration of niobium (Nb = 41) is

A
(Kr) 4d⁴, 5s¹

B
(Kr) 4d⁵

C
(Kr) 4d³, 5s²

D
(Kr) 5s², 5p³

Solution

Electronic configuration of niobium (Nb = 41) is (Kr) 4d⁴, 5s¹
Question 22
1 / -0

How many electrons have their spins paired in an atom of oxygen (Atomic Number 8)?

A
2

B
4

C
5

D
6

Solution

Electronic configuration of oxygen is 1s², 2s², 2p⁴. So six electrons have their spins paired in an atom of oxygen.
Question 23
1 / -0

The atomic weight of an element is 52 and the atomic number is 24. The number of electrons, protons and neutrons in an atom of this element will be, respectively,

A
24, 24 and 28

B
24, 28 and 24

C
28, 24 and 24

D
52, 24 and 28

Solution

Atomic number = Number of electrons = Number of protons
Atomic weight = Number of protons + Number of neutrons
The number of electrons, protons and neutrons in an atom of this element will be, respectively, 24, 24 and 28
Question 24
1 / -0

When electrons revolve in stationary orbits,

A
there is no change in energy level

B
they become stationary

C
they are gaining kinetic energy

D
there is increase in energy

Solution

When electrons revolve in stationary orbits, there is no change in energy level.
Question 25
1 / -0

Neutrons are present in the nuclei of all elements, except

A
hydrogen

B
oxygen

C
deuterium

D
chlorine

Solution

Neurons are present in the nuclei of all elements, except the most common form of hydrogen.

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Structure of Atom Test - 3

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Structure of Atom Test - 3

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Question 1

only mass

only charge

no mass and no charge

both mass and charge

Solution

Question 2

isotopes

isobars

isotones

isomers

Solution

Question 3

the charge on the nucleus

the number of neutrons in the nucleus

the number of extra nuclear electrons

both the nuclear charge and the number of extra nuclear electrons

Solution

Question 4

alpha particles are much heavier than electrons

alpha particles are positively charged

most part of the atom is empty space

alpha particles move with high velocity

Solution

Question 5

34

36

38

40

Solution

Question 6

-2

0

-3

1

Solution

Question 7

All photons do not carry the same amount of energy

The energy of radiation increases with decrease in the wavelength

The energy of radiation increases with increase in the wave number

None of these

Solution

Question 8

spectrum of hydrogen atom only

spectrum of an atom or ion containing one electron only

spectrum of hydrogen molecule

solar spectrum

Solution

Question 9

main energy level

spin angular momentum

orbital angular momentum

orientation of the orbital in space

Solution

Question 10

radiowave

ultra - violet

X - rays

infrared

Solution

Question 11

The different energy levels are equally spaced.

The energy of the electron decreases as the value of n increases.

The energy of the electrons in an atom is negative.

Bohr's theory explains the spectrum of multi-electron atoms.

Solution

Question 12

remain approximately the same

be approximately doubled

be approximately halved

be reduced approximately by 25%

Solution

O^2-

F^-

Na⁺

Mg²⁺

(Kr) 4d⁴, 5s¹

(Kr) 4d⁵

(Kr) 4d³, 5s²

(Kr) 5s², 5p³