Sources of Energy Test

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Sources of Energy Test - 3

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Ocean Thermal Energy can be utilised when the temperature difference between the water at the surface and water at depths up to 2 km is

A
10°C or more

B
15°C or more

C
20°C or more

D
None of these

Solution

Ocean Thermal Energy can be utilised when the temperature difference between the water at the surface and water at depths up to 2 km is 20^oC or more because this temperature difference will generate sufficient energy for motion of water.
Hence, option 3 is correct.
Question 2
1 / -0

What is the magnitude of Solar constant?

A
1400 J/m²sec

B
1700 J/m²sec

C
1500 J/m²sec

D
1600 J/m²sec

Solution

The magnitude of solar constant is approximately 1400 J/m² sec or 1.4 KJ/ m²sec or 1.4 kW/m². So, option (1) is correct.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following options is one of the property of glass?

A
It allows all wavelengths of infrared radiations to pass through it.

B
Its allows only short wavelength infrared radiations to pass through it.

C
Its allows only longer wavelength infrared radiations to pass through it.

D
It does not allow infrared radiations of any wavelength to pass through it.

Solution

Glass allows only short wavelength infrared radiations to pass through it. It can be seen in greenhouse effect where heat builds up inside the car. Hence, option (2) is correct.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following processes is/are involved in tidal energy?

A
The vapours of volatile liquid like ammonia are used to run the turbine of a generator.

B
Difference in sea levels gives us tidal energy.

C
The kinetic energy possessed by huge waves near the seashore can be trapped to generate electricity.

D
All of the above

Solution

At high tide the water is allowed to flow from higher surface to lower surface. At low tide, the potential energy of water stored during high tide is used to produce electrical energy. Hence, the difference in sea levels gives us tidal energy.
Question 5
1 / -0

In nuclear fusion reaction,

A
heavier nuclei combine to give a heavier nucleus and energy

B
heavy nucleus breaks up into lighter nuclei and energy

C
light nucleus combines to give heavier nucleus and energy

D
light nucleus breaks up into even lighter nuclei and energy

Solution

In nuclear fusion reaction, light nuclei combine to give heavier nucleus and energy. For example, when two nuclei of deuterium (d or) fuse together, the following products are formed.
d + d t (tritium) + p (proton) + 4.0 MeV
Or + + + 4.0 MeV
Hence, option (3) is correct.
Question 6
1 / -0

___________ energy acts as the basic source of energy in thermal power plants.

A
Kinetic

B
Mechanical

C
Potential

D
Chemical

Solution

Chemical energy is the basic source of energy in thermal power plants. Chemical energy is produced by the burning of coal in thermal power plants and then converting it into electrical energy.
Hence, option (4) is correct.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is wrong?

A
In a biogas plant, the slurry left behind is removed periodically and used as a manure.

B
The biogas is stored in the gas tank above the digester from which it is drawn through pipes for use.

C
Biogas burns without smoke and leaves no residue like ash in wood, charcoal and coal burning.

D
Anaerobic microorganisms, in the presence of oxygen, decompose or break down complex compounds of cow dung slurry.

Solution

Options (1), (2) and (3) are correct but (4) statement is incorrect as anaerobic microorganisms are those, which break down complex compounds of cow-dung slurry in the absence of O₂.
Question 8
1 / -0

The oxides of which of the following elements is not released during burning of fuels?

A
Carbon

B
Nitrogen

C
Phosphorus

D
Sulphur

Solution

Fuels are complex mixture of hydrocarbons and compounds of carbon with oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur. So, on burning of fuels, those compounds are released. Phosphorus is not released during burning of fuels. Hence, option (3) is correct.
Question 9
1 / -0

One mega electron volt (MeV) is equivalent to ____________.

A
10⁶eV

B
1.6 10^-13J

C
1.6 10^-19 J

D
Both (1) and (2)

Solution

One mega electron volt, i.e. M_eV = 10⁶eV
Also, 1 eV = 10^-19 J
1 MeV = 1.6 × 10^-13 J
Since both options (1) and (2) are correct, then option (4) is correct.
Question 10
1 / -0

Conditions under which nuclear fusion takes place ______________.

A
High temperature and low pressure

B
Low pressure and low temperature

C
Low temperature and low pressure

D
High pressure and high temperature

Solution

The condition under which nuclear fusion takes place is high pressure and high temperature. Temperature of the order of 10⁷ K is required to start nuclear fusion reaction. That is why it is known as thermonuclear reaction.
Question 11
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is not true about infrared radiations?

A
All hot bodies emit infrared radiations.

B
They heat up any body that comes in their path.

C
They are absorbed by the ozone layer.

D
Heat from the sun is transferred in the form of infrared radiations.

Solution

There are some properties of infrared radiations such as
(i) Heat from the sun is transferred in the form of infrared radiations.
(ii) All hot bodies emit infrared radiations.
(iii) They heat up any body that comes in their path.
(iv) One-third of sunrays is composed of infrared radiations.
Thus, options (1), (2) and (4) are properties of infrared radiations. But UV rays are not infrared rays. They are not absorbed by ozone layer in the atmosphere. Therefore, option (3) is not true about infrared radiations.
Question 12
1 / -0

The minimum energy density required for the full harnessing of the ocean wave energy is _________.

A
30 MW/km

B
40 MW/km

C
45 MW/km

D
50 MW/km

Solution

The minimum energy density, which is required for full harnessing of ocean wave energy, is 40 MW/km of coastline. Hence, option (2) is correct.
Question 13
1 / -0

A typical solar cell develops a voltage of _____ V and can produce power of about _____ W.

A
1 – 1.5, 0.3

B
2 – 2.5, 0.1

C
0.5 – 1.5, 1.5

D
0.5 – 1, 0.7

Solution

A typical and standard solar cell develops a voltage of 0.5 – 1 V and can produce 0.7 W of electricity. Hence, option (4) is correct.
Question 14
1 / -0

The residue left after burning wood in a limited supply of oxygen is called

A
coal tar

B
ash

C
charcoal

D
coal

Solution

Charcoal is a lightweight black carbon residue produced by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and plant materials. Charcoal is usually produced by slow pyrolysis — the heating of wood or other organic materials in the absence of oxygen. This process is called charcoal burning. The finished charcoal consists largely of carbon.
The advantage of burning charcoal compared to burning wood is the absence of water and other components. This allows charcoal to burn at higher temperatures, and give off very little smoke
Question 15
1 / -0

Hydropower plants release methane gas by

A
destroying large ecosystems

B
destroying fossil fuels

C
submerging natural vegetation which rots under anaerobic conditions

D
All of the above

Solution

Vegetation that gets submerged and rots under anaerobic conditions produces a large amount of methane gas. Hence, option (3) is correct.
Question 16
1 / -0

Which of the following is the limitation of using hydropower plant as an energy source?

A
The dams can be constructed only in a limited number of places, preferably in hilly terrains.

B
It destroys the habitat of wild animals.

C
It leads to dissatisfactory rehabilitation of displaced people.

D
All of these
Solution
These are a few disadvantages of constructing dams:
- Dams can be constructed only in a limited number of places, preferably in hilly terrains.
- Large areas of agricultural land and human habitation are to be sacrificed.
- Large ecosystems are destroyed when submerged under the water in dams.
- Release of large amounts of methane, due to submerged vegetation, which increases greenhouse effect
- Problem of rehabilitation of displaced people
- It destroys the habitat of wild animals.
Question 17
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is/are true?

A
In nuclear fission, nucleus of a heavy atom, when bombarded with low energy neutrons, splits apart into lighter nuclei.

B
Tremendous amount of energy is released in a nuclear fission reaction.

C
Small amount of energy is released in a nuclear fission reaction.

D
Both (1) and (2)

Solution

Nuclear fission is a process in nuclear physics in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei as fission products, and usually some by-product particles. Hence, fission is a form of elemental transmutation. The by-products include free neutrons, photons usually in the form gamma rays, and other nuclear fragments such as beta particles and alpha particles. Tremendous amount of energy is released in a nuclear fission reaction.
Question 18
1 / -0

Chief limitation in gaining energy from oceans is that it ______________.

A
is effective only in coastal areas

B
lacks technological advancements to explore

C
is a very large scale costly project

D
all of the above

Solution

Following are the chief limitations of energy gained from the ocean:
(i) It is effective only in coastal areas.
(ii) It lacks technological advancements to explore.
(iii) It is a very costly project.
So, option (4) is correct.
Question 19
1 / -0

What percentage of power consumption in India is fulfilled by hydropower plants?

A
50%

B
75%

C
14.5%

D
13.5%

Solution

India is the 7^th largest producer of hydroelectric power in the world. As of 30 April 2017, India's installed utility-scale hydroelectric capacity was 44,594 MW, or 13.5% of its total utility power generation capacity.
Question 20
1 / -0

Which of the following isotopes of uranium is used for nuclear fission?

A
₉₂U²³⁵

B
₉₂U²³⁷

C
₉₂U²³⁸

D
₉₂U²³⁹

Solution

Uranium-235 is an isotope of uranium making up about 0.72% of natural uranium. Unlike the predominant isotope uranium-238, it is fissile, i.e. it can sustain a fission chain reaction. It is the only fissile isotope that is a primordial nuclide or found in significant quantity in nature.