Structure of Atom Test

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Structure of Atom Test - 2

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which among the following pairs of shells has the least energy difference between two adjacent orbits?

A
K and L

B
L and M

C
M and N

D
N and O

Solution

On moving outward from the nucleus, the energy of the shells increases, but the difference between the energy levels decreases. Therefore, among the given options, the difference between the energies will be the least for N (n = 4) and O (n = 5).
Question 2
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An atom has 2K, 8L and 5M electrons. Choose the correct statement(s) regarding it from the following:

A. Trivalent anion of this atom will have 12 protons in its nucleus.
B. Trivalent cation of this atom will have 6 p-electrons in it.
C. This atom forms an amphoteric oxide of formula X₂O₃.
D. One of its allotropes is tetraatomic (X₄).

A
A and B only

B
B only

C
B and C only

D
B and D only

Solution

The element is phosphorus (P), which exists as P₄molecule, and its trivalent cation (P⁺³) will have 6 p-electrons in it.

₁₅P = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³
₁₅P³⁺ = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²

Phosphorous does form trivalent anions, but the number of protons in the nucleus is 15 (atomic number) because the protons are not lost or transferred during chemical bonding. Hence, statement 'A' is incorrect.

The oxide of phosphorous P₂O₃ is acidic. Hence, statement 'C' is incorrect.
Thus the statements B and D are correct. correct and option (4) is correct.
Question 3
1 / -0

If the N-shell is the outermost shell of the atom of an element, then what is the maximum number of electrons that it can accommodate?

A
8

B
18

C
64

D
32

Solution

Although the N-shell can accommodate 32 (2 × 4²) electrons, but if it is the outermost shell, it cannot have more than 8 electrons.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following statements DO NOT match with the postulates of Bohr's model of atom?

(a) Electrons are revolving around the nucleus in specified paths called orbits/shells.
(b) Each shell is associated with definite amount of energy.
(c) Electron, while revolving through a particular shell, can increase or decrease its energy.
(d) Energy of the shells decreases as their distance from the nucleus increases.

A
(c) and (d)

B
(b) and (c)

C
(a) and (c)

D
(b) and (d)

Solution

The energy of an electron in a particular shell is quantized.
Energy of shells increases with an increase in the distance from the nucleus.
Question 5
1 / -0

When an electron in the M-shell of an atom gains energy, it moves to

A
K-shell

B
L-shell

C
M-shell

D
N-shell

Solution

On gaining energy, an electron is transported to a higher energy level.
Question 6
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Structures of nuclei of three atoms X, Y and Z are as follows:

(A) X has 90 protons and 146 neutrons.
(B) Y has 92 protons and 146 neutrons.
(C) Z has 90 protons and 148 neutrons.

Which of the following statements is correct based on the above data?

A
X and Z are isotopes; Y and Z are isobars.

B
X and Y are isotopes; X and Z are isobars.

C
Y and Z are isobars; X and Y are isotopes.

D
X and Z are isotopes; X and Y are isobars.

Solution

X and Z both have atomic number 90 and mass numbers 236 and 238, respectively.
Hence, they are isotopes.

Y and Z have atomic numbers 92 and 90, respectively, and the same mass number, 238.
Hence, they are isobars.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which among the following shows the group of atoms having the same number of neutrons in their nuclei? [Given, the atomic masses of the elements Na, Mg, Al, Be, Ca, C, O and N are 23 u, 24 u, 27 u, 9 u, 40 u, 14 u, 16 u and 15 u, respectively]

A
Na, Mg, Al

B
Be, Mg, Ca

C
C, O, N

D
Ca, C, N

Solution

Carbon has 8 (14 - 6) neutrons.
Oxygen has 8 (16 - 8) neutrons.
Nitrogen has 8 (15 - 7) neutrons.
Hence, ₁₄C⁶, ₁₆O⁸ and ₁₅N⁷ are isotones.

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Structure of Atom Test - 2

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Structure of Atom Test - 2

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Question 1

K and L

L and M

M and N

N and O

Solution

Question 2

A and B only

B only

B and C only

B and D only

Solution

Question 3

8

18

64

32

Solution

Question 4

(c) and (d)

(b) and (c)

(a) and (c)

(b) and (d)

Solution

Question 5

K-shell

L-shell

M-shell

N-shell

Solution

Question 6

X and Z are isotopes; Y and Z are isobars.

X and Y are isotopes; X and Z are isobars.

Y and Z are isobars; X and Y are isotopes.

X and Z are isotopes; X and Y are isobars.

Solution

Question 7

Na, Mg, Al

Be, Mg, Ca

C, O, N

Ca, C, N

Solution

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