Respiration Test - 1

Glucose is the most common respiratory substrate.Respiratory substrate is just any organic substance that can be broken down in respiration to release energy - so carbohydrates, lipids and proteins essentially.

O₂ is a reactant in an aerobic respiration.

Fats yield the highest energy per gram. It is 37 J/G.

A major advantage of aerobic respiration is the amount of energy it releases. Without oxygen, organisms can just split glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. This releases only enough energy to make two ATP molecules. With oxygen, organisms can break down glucose all the way to carbon dioxide. This releases enough energy to produce up to 38 ATP molecules.

Glycolysis, Krebs cycle and terminal oxidation are the different steps of aerobic respiration.

Respiration in plants is a characteristic of all living cells.

Cytochromes are required by both respiration and photosynthesis. They are hemeproteins containing heme groups and are primarily responsible for the generation of ATP via electron transport.

Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases or alcohol. It occurs in yeast and bacteria, and also in oxygen-starved muscle cells, as in the case of lactic acid fermentation.

Lactic acid is produced by fermentation.It is a metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases or alcohol.

Both respiration and photosynthesis require cytochromes.