Acids Bases And Salts Test

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Acids Bases And Salts Test - 5

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which substance is formed on passing chlorine over slaked lime?

A
Washing soda

B
Baking soda

C
Plaster of Paris

D
Bleaching powder

Solution

Chlorine acts on the slaked lime (Ca(OH)₂)and forms bleaching powder (CaOCl₂) as per the following reaction:
Ca(OH)₂+ Cl₂ CaOCl₂ + H₂O
Question 2
1 / -0

Gypsum is added to cement clinker to

A
increase the tensile strength of cement

B
bind the particles of calcium silicate

C
decrease the rate of setting of cement

D
facilitate the formation of colloidal gel

Solution

Gypsum is hydrated calcium sulphate in chemical form. Gypsum plays a very important role in controlling the rate of hardening of cement. Gypsum is added to control the "setting of cement". It is generally termed as retarding agent of cement.
Question 3
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Which of the following salts is soluble in water?

A
K₂S

B
AgCl

C
FeCl₃

D
Hg₂Cl₂

Solution

FeCl₃ is soluble.
Most metal chlorides are soluble in water (except those of silver, mercury and lead).
Question 4
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Which of the following salts possesses water of crystallisation?

A
Calcium hypochlorite

B
Gypsum

C
Ammonium chloride

D
Sodium bicarbonate

Solution

Gypsum is calcium sulphate dihydrate and possesses two molecules of water of crystallisation in its structure, i.e. CaSO₄.2H₂O.
Question 5
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Which of the following is not a base?

A
Mg (OH)₂

B
H₂

C
BF₃

D
NH₃

Solution

The boron in BF₃ is electron poor and has an empty orbital, so it can accept a pair of electrons, making it a Lewis acid. All other options are act as base.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following is basic in nature?

A
CaO

B
CO₂

C
SO₃

D
HCl

Solution

CaO is basic in nature as the oxides of alkali metals (1^st group) and alkaline metals (2^nd group) are basic oxides.
Question 7
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Why does a blue-green colour of the solution appear when copper oxide is added to dilute hydrochloric acid?

A
Due to the formation of copper hydroxide

B
Due to the formation of copper chloride

C
Due to the evolution of chlorine gas

D
Due to the evolution of hydrogen gas

Solution

When copper oxide is added to dilute hydrochloric acid, the following reaction takes place:
CuO + 2HCl CuCl₂ + H₂O
CuCl₂ is dissolved in water and Cu²⁺ and Cl^- ions make its colour bluish green.
Question 8
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Which of the following factors change(s) the value of ionic product of water?

A
Change in temperature

B
Addition of acid

C
Addition of base

D
Both (2) and (3)

Solution

Ionic product of water is affected by the change in temperature. It increases with the increase in temperature. In the range of 273 K and 373 K, it is practically constant at 10^-14. At 273 K, it is 10^-15; and at 373 K, it is taken to be 10^-13.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following is not a mixed salt?

A
Potash alum

B
Bleaching powder

C
Sodium potassium carbonate

D
Disodium potassium phosphate

Solution

Potash alum is an example of double salt.
Formula: K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O

An inorganic compound that consists of a fixed proportion of two salts, often sharing either a common cation or common anion.
Bleaching powder, sodium potassium carbonate and disodium potassium phosphate are examples of mixed salts.
Question 10
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Which of the following processes is called chloralkali process?

A
Ca(OH)₂ + Cl₂CaOCl₂ + H₂O

B
NaCl + H₂O + CO₂ + NH₃ NH₄Cl + NaHCO₃

C
2NaCl + 2H₂O 2NaOH + Cl₂ + H₂

D
2Na + 2HCl 2NaCl + H₂

Solution

Chloralkali is an industrial process for the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution. The following reaction takes place in this process:
2NaCl + 2H₂O 2NaOH + Cl₂ + H₂
Question 11
1 / -0

The pH of coffee is

A
2

B
3

C
4

D
5

Solution

pH is a numeric scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic. With a pH value of 5, coffee is acidic in nature.
Question 12
1 / -0

The pH of urine is in between

A
2.0 – 3.0

B
4.5 – 8.4

C
3.01 – 4.1

D
10.0 – 11.0

Solution

Urine pH is used to classify urine as either a dilute acid or base solution. Seven is the point of neutrality on the pH scale. The lower the pH, the greater the acidity of a solution; the higher the pH, the greater the alkalinity. The glomerular filtrate of blood is usually acidified by the kidneys from a pH of approximately 7.4 to a pH of about 6 in the urine. Depending on the person\'s acid-base status, the pH of urine may range from 4.5 to 8.
Question 13
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Which of the following has the highest pH value?

A
NaOH

B
HCl

C
CH₃COOH

D
Ca(OH)₂

Solution

For bases, the value of pH is greater than 7, i.e. the stronger the base, the higher the pH value. Out of the given options, HCl and CH₃COOH are acids whose pH value is less than 7 and out of Ca(OH)₂ and NaOH, NaOH is the stronger base. Thus, NaOH has the highest pH value among these all.
Question 14
1 / -0

What is the pH of acid rain?

A
Less than 5.6

B
Zero

C
7

D
More than 7

Solution

Rain is considered to be the purest form of water, but the gaseous oxides of carbon, sulphur and nitrogen dissolve in the rain water to form acids which come down with rain. Normally, rain has a pH value between 5.0 and 5.5, which is slightly acidic. However, when the pH of rain water drops below 5.6, it is referred to as acid rain. Typical acid rain has a pH value of 4.0.
Question 15
1 / -0

What is the colour change observed when phenolphthalein is added to acidic and basic solutions?

A
Colourless in acidic and pink in basic solutions.

B
Red in acidic and colourless in basic solutions.

C
Red in acidic and blue in basic solutions.

D
Blue in acidic and red in basic solutions.

Solution

Phenolphthalein solution is colourless and shows no colour change when added to acidic solutions.
However, it gives a pink colour with basic solutions.
Question 16
1 / -0

Which of the following does not undergo hydrolysis?

A
Na₂CO₃

B
CH₃COOH

C
CH₃COONH₄

D
K₂SO₄

Solution

K₂SO₄ does not undergo hydrolysis.
Potassium sulphate is salt of strong acid and strong base. Such salts do not undergo hydrolysis when dissolved in water and their solutions are neutral. In this case, neither the cations nor the anions undergo hydrolysis.
Question 17
1 / -0

The pH of an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, when 0.365 g of it is added to 1L solution, will be around

A
2

B
7

C
9

D
12

Solution

Number of moles of HCl in 1L of solution
[H⁺] = 0.01 = 10^-2pH = -log 10^-2= 2
Hence, the pH of the given aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid will be around 2.
Question 18
1 / -0

If the pH of a solution is zero, then the solution is

A
highly basic

B
weakly basic

C
weakly acidic

D
highly acidic

Solution

The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral. A pH less than 7 is acidic. A pH greater than 7 is basic. If the pH of a solution is zero, then the solution is highly acidic.