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Periodic Classification of Elements Test - 7

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Periodic Classification of Elements Test - 7
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    How many elements have been classified in Newlands' octaves?
    Solution
    John Newlands arranged the then known elements in the increasing order of masses. He started with the element having the least atomic mass (hydrogen) and ended at thorium, which was the 56th element.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following was the limitation of Newlands law of octaves?
    Solution
    The limitation of Newlands law of octaves:
    In order to fit elements into his table, Newlands adjusted two elements in the same slot, but also kept some unlike elements under the same slot. Cobalt and nickel are in the same slot and are placed in the same column as fluorine, chlorine and bromine, which have very different properties. Thus, Newlands law of octaves worked well with lighter elements only.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following properties was formulated by Mendeleev?
    Solution
    Mendeleev stated the famous periodic law according to which, "Properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic weights''. Mendeleev arranged elements in the increasing order of their atomic weights in the form of a table, which is known as Mendeleev's Periodic Table.
  • Question 4
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    Which type of compound is formed by the elements of group 1 and group 7?
    Solution
    The elements in Group 7 of the Periodic Table are called the halogens. They form ionic compounds when they react with metals of group 1.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Four elements A, B, C and D having atomic numbers as A = 18, B = 17, C = 12 and D = 11. Among these, the element which belongs to the 3rd period and has the highest ionisation potential is
    Solution
    The elements belongs to the 3rd period and have 3 shells. The electronic configuration of given elements is:
    A (Z = 18) = 2, 8, 8
    B (Z = 17) = 2, 8, 7
    C (Z = 12) = 2, 8, 2
    D (Z = 11) = 2, 8, 1
    Thus, all the given elements belong to the 3rd period; but out of these, element A has the highest ionisation potential as when we move from left to right, the ionisation energy increases because nuclear charge increases due to addition electrons of into the same shell.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Hydrogen is a/an
    Solution
    Hydrogen is a non-metal.
    The atomic number of hydrogen is one and although it shows electropositive character like metallic elements, yet on the basis of its physical properties, chemical properties and the nature of its compounds hydrogen is classified as a non-metal.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    M, a newly discovered element, is placed in group IA of the periodic table because it forms a/an
    Solution
    M, a newly discovered element, is placed in group IA of the periodic table because it forms an ionic chloride having the formula MCl.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is an inert gas?
    Solution
    Group 18 elements are known as inert elements. For example, helium, neon, argon, krypton, etc.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    What is the valency of an element having atomic number 18?
    Solution
    The valency of an element having atomic number 18 (argon) will be zero because it is a noble gas.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    How many valence electrons are present in an atom of nitrogen?
    Solution
    The number of valence electrons is the number of electrons in the outer shell that the atom uses for bonding. Nitrogen has 5 electrons in its n = 2 (outer) shell.
  • Question 11
    1 / -0
    Which of the following elements have the same valency?
    Solution
    Sodium and potassium both are alkali metals. Thus, they have the same valency.
  • Question 12
    1 / -0
    What is the valency of 52X24?
    Solution
    Some elements, like the transition metals, have electronic configurations in which electrons from their inner shells can also be used as valence electrons; these elements can have several different oxidation states. Chromium can have a valency of +2, +3 or +6.
  • Question 13
    1 / -0
    Which of the following elements has complete octet?
    Solution
    Element X10 has complete octet as its electronic configuration is 2, 8.
  • Question 14
    1 / -0
    Which of the following electronic configurations represents a metal?
    Solution
    Among the given configurations, 2, 8, 8, 2 would be the configuration of a metal as this element will show a positive oxidation state by losing two valence electrons.
    Z = 2 + 8 + 8 + 2 = 20
    The element is calcium.
  • Question 15
    1 / -0
    How many columns are there in a modern periodic table?
    Solution
    In modern periodic table, there are 18 columns and 7 periods.
  • Question 16
    1 / -0
    Which of the following noble gases shows the most electropositive character?
    Solution
    Xenon is the most electropositive among all the noble gases.
  • Question 17
    1 / -0
    Which of the following has the largest size?
    Solution
    Aluminium ion has the largest size than all the other given ions.
  • Question 18
    1 / -0
    Which of the following groups have nearly the same atomic radius?
    Solution
    Among the representative elements, the atomic radius decreases on moving across the period, due to the increase in the effective nuclear charge.
    However, in the transition elements, the electrons are added to the n-1 shell and they screen the valence electrons from the nuclear pull. Therefore, the decrease in the radius on moving left to right across the period is rather slow. Moreover, as after the group 6, the pairing of the electrons in the orbitals leads to repulsions and counters the effect of the increase in the effective nuclear charge.
    As a result, the radius of the transition elements remains more or less comparable across the period. Hence, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu have almost similar values of atomic radii.
  • Question 19
    1 / -0
    Why is the ionization energy of sulphur less than that of phosphorus, though sulphur is next to phosphorus in the period?
    Solution
    The ionisation energy of sulphur is less than that of phosphorus because phosphorus has half-filled electronic configuration.
  • Question 20
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is correct?
    Solution
    The size of anion is always greater than the corresponding atom. Thus, only statement 1 is correct.
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