Atomic Bonding Test - 2

Bent: The oxygen atom in H₂O is sp³ hybridised, but the expected tetrahedral geometry is distorted to angular bent due to the presence of two lone pairs. The H-O-H bond angle is about 105°.

NaCl has the highest melting and boiling points amongst all as it is an ionic compound which has strong electrostatic bonds between two oppositely charged ions. It leads to a compact packing. Therefore, it becomes very difficult for the compound to change its molecular structure to change its state and a lot of heat energy is required to do so. Hence, its melting and boiling points are very high.

Non-polar covalent bonding results when two identical non-metals equally share electrons between them. For example: N₂.

In H₂S, sulphur does not have characteristic of hydrogen bond because it is not very electronegative. Sulphur has an electronegativity of 2.5 compared to hydrogen's 2.1. As electronegativity difference is very less, so it cannot form hydrogen bond.

O – H bond is most polar bond as it has maxmium electronegativity difference between them.

An ionic compound is a chemical compound in which ions are held together in a structure by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonds. The positively charged ions are called cations and the negatively charged ions are called anions. For example MgCl₂.

Electrovalent compounds are formed by complete transfer of electrons. These compounds are made up of ions. For example: CaO

A molecule of methane is formed by four covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen.