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Forest and Wildlife Resources Test - 2

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Forest and Wildlife Resources Test - 2
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Bishnoi village in Rajasthan participates in community conservation of
    Solution
    The Bishnoi community is concentrated in the western part of Rajasthan where it is actively involved in keeping vigil over poaching of wild animals and rescuing injured animals, offering a big support to the forest department. Chinkara, nilgai and peacocks are protected by the community and nobody harms them.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    At which of the following reserves have villagers fought against mining by citing the Wildlife Protection Act?
    Solution
    Sariska Tiger Reserve is a tiger reserve in Alwar district, Rajasthan, India. It stretches over an area of 881 km comprising scrub-thorn arid forests, dry deciduous forests, grasslands, and rocky hills. In Sariska tiger reserve, Rajasthan, villagers have fought against mining by citing the wildlife protection act. In many areas, villagers themselves protect habitats and explicitly reject government involvement.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following species was declared extinct in India in 1952?
    Solution
    The Asiatic Cheetah was declared extinct in India in 1952. According to reports, the last Indian cheetah died around 1948. The Supreme Court has directed the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) to introduce African cheetahs into the Indian habitats.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0

    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. Madhya Pradesh has the largest area under permanent forests.
    b. All northeastern states and parts of Gujarat have a very high percentage of their forests as unclassed forests managed by local communities.
    c. More than half of the total forest land has been declared as reserved forests.

    Solution

    Madhya Pradesh is the state which has the largest area covered under permanent forest. The state covers about 11.24% of the forest in India. Unclassed forests are other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities. More than half of the total forest land has been declared reserved forests. These are considered as the most valuable from conservation perspective.

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following animals is/are an integral part of Bishnoi village in Rajasthan?

    a. Black buck
    b. Peacocks
    c. Monkeys
    d. Nilgai
    Solution
    Bishnoi village of Jodhpur, Rajasthan is scenic beauty marked with Khejri trees and deer. In Bishnoi village in Rajasthan, herds of blackbucks, peacocks and nilgai are seen as an integral part of the community and nobody harms them. Bishnoi community is known for protecting the blackbucks.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is/are correct about JFM?

    a. It is a Joint Food Management Programme of the Government of India.
    b. It has been in formal existence since 1998.
    c. The state of Odisha passed the first resolution for the JFM programme.
    Solution
    Joint Forest Management often abbreviated as JFM is the official and popular term in India for partnerships in forest movement involving both the state forest departments and local communities. The policies and objectives of Joint Forest Movement are detailed in the Indian comprehensive National Forest Policy of 1988. The programme led to reforestation of many hills in the state. However, officially the state of Odisha remains the first to pass the first resolution for JFM.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?

    a. 15 species of mammals are threatened in India.
    b. 1,500 plant species are considered endangered in India.
    c. 44 species of birds and 3 of amphibians are also vulnerable to endangerment in India.
    Solution
    Endangered species are the species which are in danger of extinction, e.g. black buck, crocodile, Indian wild ass, Indian rhino, lion tailed macaque, sangai (brow-antlered deer in Manipur), etc. In India, 79 species of mammals, 44 of birds, 15 of reptiles, and 3 of amphibians, and 1,500 plant species are considered endangered.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which of the following species is/are now extinct species?
    a. Pink head duck
    b. Himalayan brown bear
    Solution
    The pink-headed duck (Rhodonessa caryophyllacea) is a large diving duck that was once found in parts of the Gangetic plains of India, Bangladesh and in the riverine swamps of Myanmar but extinct since the 1950s. Himalayan brown bear is a rare species, not yet extinct. But, it will become vulnerable if its habitat is not saved.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. Since 1951, over 5,000 sq. km of forest was cleared for river valley projects.
    b. Narmada Sagar Project in Madhya Pradesh would inundate 40,000 hectares of forest.
    c. Dolomite mining at Buxa Tiger reserve has blocked the migration route of several species, including the great Indian elephant.
    Solution
    Since 1951, over 5,000 sq. km of forest was cleared for river valley projects. Clearing of forests is still continuing with projects like the Narmada Sagar Project in Madhya Pradesh, which would inundate 40,000 hectares of forest. Mining for the purpose of industrial development is another major factor behind deforestation. The Buxa Tiger Reserve in West Bengal is seriously threatened by the ongoing dolomite mining. It has disturbed the natural habitat of many species and blocked the migration route of several others, including the great Indian elephant.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The Central Government also announced several projects for protecting specific animals, which were gravely threatened. Which of the following is/are the animals that are now protected under such programs?

    a. Tiger
    b. Salt water crocodile
    c. Black buck
    Solution
    The central government also announced several projects for protecting specific animals, which were gravely threatened, including the tiger, the one horned rhinoceros, the Kashmir stag or hangul, three types of crocodiles – fresh water crocodile, saltwater crocodile and the Gharial, the Asiatic lion, and others.
  • Question 11
    1 / -0
    Environmental degradation has far reaching consequences. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. Half of India's wetlands have drained out.
    b. Seventy percent of India's water bodies are polluted.
    c. Sixty percent of India's mangroves have been wiped out.
    Solution
    Water pollution is a major challenge, with 70 percent of India's water contaminated, impacting three in four Indians and contributing to 20 percent of the country's disease burden. India has lost nearly one-third of its natural wetlands to urbanisation, agricultural expansion and pollution over the last four decades, a study by non-government organisation Wetlands International South Asia (WISA) has found. India has lost 40% of its mangrove area in the last century, mainly due to agriculture, aquaculture, tourism, urban development and over exploitation, researchers from the Indian Institute of Science have found.
  • Question 12
    1 / -0
    Project Tiger was an attempt at conserving the dwindling population of tigers in India. In which year was it launched?
    Solution
    The Government of India launched the Project Tiger with the aim of saving the steadily declining population of tigers in India on 1 April 1973. The tiger is an endangered species in the world. At the turn of the 20th century, India had a population of tigers above 20,000. Due to the hunting practices of the Maharajas and the British, as well as poaching activities, their number had dwindled drastically to about 1820 in the seventies.
  • Question 13
    1 / -0
    Which of the following species is/are not a/the vulnerable species?

    a. Blue sheep
    b. Gangetic dolphin
    c. Desert fox
    Solution
    These are species whose population has declined to levels from where it is likely to move into the endangered category in the near future if the negative factors continue to operate. The examples of such species are blue sheep, Asiatic elephant, Gangetic dolphin, etc. Rare Species is the species with a small population which may move into the endangered or vulnerable category. The examples of such species are the Himalayan brown bear, wild Asiatic buffalo, desert fox and hornbill, etc.
  • Question 14
    1 / -0
    The Buxa Tiger Reserve in West Bengal is seriously threatened by the ongoing mining of which of the following?
    Solution
    Buxa Tiger Reserve is a tiger reserve in northern West Bengal, India, covering an area of 760 km². In altitude, it ranges from 60 m in the Gangetic Plains to 1,750 m bordering the Himalayas in the north. At least 284 bird species inhabit the reserve. It is seriously threatened by the ongoing dolomite mining. It has disturbed the natural habitat of many species and blocked the migration route of several others, including the great Indian elephant.
  • Question 15
    1 / -0

    The Himalayan yew (Taxus wallachiana) is a medicinal plant found in various parts of Himachal Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh. Which of the following diseases has been successfully treated by using the drug made from a chemical compound extracted from the bark, needles, twigs and roots of this tree?

    Solution

    Trees have made an enormous phytochemical contribution in anticancer drugs' development more than any other life form. The contributions include alkaloids that are biosynthesized in various ways and yield. Lead alkaloids isolated from the trees are taxol and camptothecins that currently have annual sales in billion dollars. Other important alkaloids isolated from these life forms include rohitukine, harringtonine, acronycine, thalicarpine, usambarensine, ellipticine, and matrines. Studies on their mechanism of action and target on the DNA and protein of cancerous cells aided the development of potent hemisynthesized congeners.

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