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Manufacturing Industries Test - 1

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Manufacturing Industries Test - 1
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
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    Which of the following best explains a basic industry?

    Solution

    Basic or key industries are those whose products are considered as raw materials to manufacture other goods, e.g. iron and steel and copper smelting. Industry that processes agricultural raw materials are called agro based industries like cotton textiles etc. Industry that produces goods for daily usage of people are consumer industries like plastics, utensils etc. Industry owned by people who pool their resources are called cooperative industries like Amul etc.

     

  • Question 2
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    Which of the following conditions is/are considered to classify an industry as a public or a private sector industry?
    Solution
    Industries where the controlling stake is held by the government are public sector industries, e.g. BHEL. Industries owned and run by private individuals are private industries, e.g. TATA Steel. Option 3 is the correct answer.
  • Question 3
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    Which of the following countries is the largest exporter of jute goods and is in direct competition with India?
    Solution
    Bangladesh is the largest exporter of jute goods in the world. Though India is the largest producer of raw jute in the world yet, Bangladesh exports more jute goods than India. Thus, Bangladesh is in direct competition with India for its jute products.
  • Question 4
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    High quality yarn produced in India is exported to which of the following countries?
    Solution
    India exports yarn to Japan. Other importers of cotton goods from India are U.S.A., U.K., Russia, France, East European countries, Nepal, and African countries. We have a large share in the world trade of cotton yarn. Our spinning mills are competitive at the global level and capable of using all the fibres we produce. The weaving, knitting and processing units cannot use much of the high quality yarn that is produced in the country.
  • Question 5
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    Which of the following industries use bauxite as a raw material?
    Solution
    Aluminium smelting is the process of extracting aluminium from its oxide, alumina, generally by the Hall-Héroult process. Alumina is extracted from the ore bauxite by means of the Bayer process at an alumina refinery. Aluminium industry uses bauxite as a raw material. Bauxite is an important ore which is used for making aluminium. It is an oxide of aluminium. It is not a specific mineral but a rock consisting mainly of hydrated aluminium oxides. Therefore, bauxite is used as a raw material in these industries.
  • Question 6
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    Which of the following cities is known as the electronic capital of India?
    Solution
    Bengaluru, the capital of the state Karnataka in India, is known as the electronic capital of India. Bengaluru usually experiences a more moderate climate throughout the year, although occasional heat waves can make summer somewhat uncomfortable. It is called electronic capital of India because it plays a maximum role as the nation's leading information technology (IT) exporter. It is one of India's largest electronic/IT industrial parks, which stretches over 800 acres. Indian technological organisations such as ISRO, Infosys, Wipro, Biocon and HAL are headquartered in this silicon valley city. It also has many software industries, aerospace, telecommunications and heavy industries.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The handspun khadi provides large-scale employment to weavers in their homes. It is a
    Solution
    It provides large scale employment to weavers as it is a cottage industry which can be set up at home. Cottage industries are the source of income for many weavers. This sector has absorbed a good percentage of the population.
  • Question 8
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    Organic chemicals are not used in the production of
    Solution
    Organic chemicals like petrochemicals are used for manufacturing of synthetic fibers, synthetic rubber, plastics, dye-stuffs, drugs and pharmaceuticals. Inorganic chemicals, such as sulphuric acid, are used to manufacture fertilisers.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Cement is essential for all construction activity. The first cement plant in India was set up in 1904 in
    Solution
    The first cement plant was set up in Chennai in 1904. After Independence the industry expanded. Decontrol of price and distribution since 1989 and other policy reforms led the cement industry to make rapid strides in capacity, process, technology and production.
  • Question 10
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    All public sector undertakings in India market their steel through
    Solution
    Steel Authority of India Limited is an Indian state-owned steel making company based in New Delhi, India. It is a public sector undertaking, owned and operated by the Government of India, Incorporated on 24 January 1974, SAIL has 68,742 employees. All public sector undertakings market their steel through Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL).
  • Question 11
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    Which of the following industries in the IT sector has become a major foreign exchange earner in the last two or three years?
    Solution
    BPO refers to a company contracting its core business operations such as accounting, payment processing, IT services, human resources, regulatory compliance, and quality assurance to outside professionals who ensure the business runs smoothly. The IT industry has been a major foreign exchange earner in the last two or three years because of its fast growing Business Processes Outsourcing (BPO) sector.
  • Question 12
    1 / -0

    Which of the following is the most important metallurgical industry in India?

    Solution

    The metallurgical industry can be broadly divided into primary and secondary metal production operations. Primary refers to the production of metal from ore. Secondary refers to production of alloys from ingots and to recovery of metal from scrap and salvage. The iron and steel industry is the basic industry since all the other industries — heavy, medium and light, depend on it for their machinery. Thus, it is the most important metallurgical industry in India.

  • Question 13
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    The woollen textile industry is not present in which of the following cities?

    Solution

    The Woollen Industry in the country is small in size but widely scattered. It is basically located in the States of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Gujarat. 40% of the woollen units are located in Punjab, 27% in Haryana, 10% in Rajasthan, while the rest of the States account for the remaining 23% of the units. A few of the larger units are located in Maharashtra, Punjab, Gujarat and West Bengal.

  • Question 14
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    Which of the following places have silk textile industries?
    Solution
    India is the second largest producer of natural silk after China and is the only country producing all four varieties of natural silk: Mulberry, Tasar, Oak Tasar, Eri and Muga. This industry got great patronage during the medieval period. Karnataka is the largest producer of silk in India. It produces an average of around 8,200 metric tonnes of silk every year, which is about one-third of the total silk production in India. Its major centres are Tumkur, Dodballapur, Bangalore and Mysore. Tamil Nadu is well known for its traditional silk sarees and dhoties woven on handlooms. It is also the leading state in the production of the bivoltine silk (white silk) for which there is very high demand in overseas markets. Its major centres are Dharmapuram, Salem, Coimbatore, Tirunelveli.
  • Question 15
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    Which of the following statements about the agro based industries in India is incorrect?
    Solution
    India has the second largest installed capacity of spindles in the world. China has the largest capacity of installed spindles. 9232 lakh bales were produced in 2004-05 and the production has increased, yet India still has the need to import good quality long staple cotton. India stands second as a world producer of sugar. In 2005, the government formulated the National Jute Policy with the objective of increasing productivity, improving quality, ensuring good prices to jute farmers and enhancing the yield per hectare. The jute industry faced tough competition from synthetic substitutes and competitors such as Bangladesh and Brazil.
  • Question 16
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    Which of the following states has the NALCO and BALCO plants of aluminium smelting?
    Solution
    Aluminium industry is the second most important metallurgical industry in India. Aluminium has gained popularity as a substitute of steel, copper, zinc and lead in a number of industries because it is light metal, resistant to corrosion, a good conductor of heat, malleable and becomes strong when it is mixed with other metals. There are 8 aluminium smelting plants in the country located in Odisha (formerly Orissa) (NALCO and BALCO), West Bengal, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.
  • Question 17
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    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. Private sector industries are owned by individuals or groups of individuals.
    b. Joint sector industries are owned by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both.
    c. Public sector industries are owned and operated by government agencies.
    Solution
    The private sector is the part of the economy that is run by individuals and companies for profit and is not state controlled. Therefore, it encompasses all for-profit businesses that are not owned or operated by the government. Joint sector industries are the ones which are jointly run by the state and individuals or a group of individuals. Public Sector Industries are owned and operated by government agencies. Public actor is also called the State Sector. It is a part of our government. Goods and governmental services are included in Public sectors such as electrical grids, telecommunications and etc.
  • Question 18
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    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. The first successful textile mill in India was established in Mumbai in 1854.
    b. Spinning of cloth continues to be centralised in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu.
    c. Handspun khadi provides large scale employment to weavers in their homes as a cottage industry.
    Solution
    Bombay Spinning and Weaving Company was the first cotton mill to be established in Bombay, India on 7 July 1854 at Tardeo by Cowasjee Nanabhoy Davar (1815-73) and his associates. The Company was designed by Sir William Fairbaim. While spinning continues to be centralised in Maharashtra, gujarat, tamilnadu weaving is highly decentralized to provide scope for incoporating traditional skills and designs of weaving in cotton silk zari embroidery. Handspun khadi provides large scale employment to weavers as it is a cottage industry which can be set up at home. Cottage industries are the source of income for many weavers. This sector has absorbed a good percentage of the population.
  • Question 19
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. Basic industries are those which supply their products or raw materials to manufacture other goods. Examples: Copper smelting, aluminium smelting
    b. Key industries manufacture goods that are essential for daily use. Examples: Sugar, Toothpaste
    c. Consumer industries produce goods for direct use by consumers. Examples: Sewing machines, electrical items
    Solution
    Basic or key industries are those which supply their products or raw materials to manufacture other goods, e.g. iron and steel, copper smelting, and aluminium smelting. These basic products like refined aluminium, copper, etc. can be used in making higher products like aluminium vessels, copper wires, etc. Key industry is an industry that is essential to the functioning of others, such as the manufacture of machine tools. The industries that produce goods for direct use by consumers are called consumer industries.
  • Question 20
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. Textile industry is the only industry in the country which is self-reliant and complete in the value chain, i.e. from raw material to the highest value added products.
    b. Textile industry contributes 4 per cent towards the country's GDP.
    c. Employment generation by the textile industry is the largest in the country.
    Solution
    The textile industry is the only industry in India which is selfreliant and complete in value chain i.e. from the raw material to the highest value-added products. The sector contributes about 14 per cent to industrial production, 4 per cent to the gross domestic product (GDP), and 27 per cent to the country's foreign exchange inflows. It provides direct employment to over 45 million people. The textiles sector is the second largest provider of employment after agriculture.
  • Question 21
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. Cooperative sector industries are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both.
    b. They pool in the resources and share the profits or losses equally.
    c. The sugar industry in Maharashtra and the coir industry in Kerala are examples of cooperative sector industries.
    Solution
    Cooperative sector industries are owned and managed by a group of people. Generally the members are the producers of raw materials. Examples of such industries are handloom, food processing and diary products. Examples — the sugar industry in Maharashtra, the coir industry in Kerala. They pool in the resources and share the profits or losses proportionately not equally.
  • Question 22
    1 / -0
    India is an important iron and steel producing country in the world, but we are still not able to perform to our full potential largely due to which of the following reasons?

    a. High costs and limited availability of coking coal
    b. Irregular supply of energy
    c. Limited availability of slag during production
    Solution
    Iron and steel is the basic industry as all the other industries – heavy, medium and light, depend on it for their machinery. lt is considered as a heavy industry because all the raw materials, as well as finished goods, are heavy and bulky entailing heavy transportation costs.
    India is an important iron and steel producing country in the world, yet we are not able to perform to our full potential largely due to:
    High costs and limited availability of coking coal;
    Lower productivity of labour;
    Irregular supply of energy;
    Poor infrastructure.
  • Question 23
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements regarding small scale industries is/are correct?
    Solution
    Small scale industrial units are those engaged in the manufacture, processing or preservation of goods and whose investment in plant and machinery (original cost) does not exceed Rs. 1 crore. These would, inter alia, include units engaged in mining or quarrying, servicing and repairing of machinery. In the case of ancillary units, the investment in plant and machinery (original cost) should also not exceed Rs. 1 crore to be classified under small-scale industry. The investment limit in plant & machinery of Rs. 1 crore for classification as SSI has been enhanced to Rs. 5 crore in respect of certain specified items under hosiery, hand tools, drugs & pharmaceuticals, stationery items and sports goods by the Government of India.
  • Question 24
    1 / -0
    After agriculture, the __________ industry generates the most employment in the Indian economy.
    Solution
    The sector contributes about 14 per cent to industrial production, 4 per cent to the gross domestic product (GDP), and 27 per cent to the country's foreign exchange inflows. It provides direct employment to over 45 million people. The textiles sector is the second largest provider of employment after agriculture.
  • Question 25
    1 / -0
    Which of the following industries is a joint sector industry?
    Solution
    Joint sector industries are jointly run by the state and individual or a group of individuals. Oil India Ltd (OIL) is jointly owned by public and private sectors.
    Cooperative sector industries are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both.
    BHEL and SAIL are public sector enterprises while TISCO is a private sector enterprise.
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