NTSE - SAT-2015

In DNA, adenine forms double hydrogen bond with thymine and cytosine form triple hydrogen bond with guanine. According to Chargaff's rule, the number of adenine bases is equal to the number of thymine bases; and the number of guanine bases is equal to the cytosine bases. So, if adenine are 200 in number, thymine will be 200 also and hence, cytosine and guanine will be 400 each out of 800 bases left.

Fungi are eukaryotic cells. The cell wall of fungi is made up of chitin. It shows heterotrophic mode of nutrition because of absence of chlorophyll.

Flying fish - Exocoetus
Flying lizard - Draco
Egg laying mammal - Echidna
Flightless bird - Struthio

The main function of Golgi bodies is packaging and dispatching of materials.

All the other options are wrong.
Mitochondria are involved in aerobic respiration.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis, not the SER.
Lysosomes store enzymes and are not involved in the membrane biogenesis.

The process of autoclaving kills the microorganisms (in this case rhizobium bacteria). Therefore, when a leguminous plant is grown in this soil, it will not produce nodules due to absence of nitrogen fixing (rhizobium) bacteria.

Trypanosoma is the causative agent of the disease "sleeping sickness". It is a unicellular flagellate protozoa. Trypanosoma is an extracellular parasite found in blood plasma.

Coliform bacteria (e.g. E. coli) are present in abundance in domestic sewage. The presence of coliform bacteria in a water sample, is indicative of pollution from domestic sewage.

Carbon monoxide is produced during incomplete combustion of coal. This gas is highly toxic and can cause human death.

Inspiration requires the contraction of muscles, so it is an active process. During expiration or exhalation, intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax. So, it is a passive process.

The green stem in the herbs and some other plants like the cactii has chlorophyll.
Hence, the stem in these plants is also capable of photosynthesis.

Lateral meristem is responsible for the increase in girth/diameter of the plants.

Reflex action is an involuntary, almost instantaneous response to a stimulus by a body during an emergency such as touching a hot object or stepping on something sharp.
Correct sequence of path during a reflex action is:

Receptor → sensory nerve → spinal cord → motor nerve → muscle

Egg formation in human female starts at the foetal stage. So, immature eggs are first seen in the ovaries before birth at the foetus stage.

At a constant temperature, the increase in pressure will result in decrease in volume (Boyle's law).
Hence, the number of molecules of oxygen present per unit volume increases and as a result the collisions per unit area of the wall of the cylinder increase.
Therefore, (a) is correct.

Oxygen gas does not convert to ozone simply by increasing the pressure. Hence (b) is incorrect.
The kinetic energy of the gas is a function of temperature of the gas and it remains constant at a constant temperature.Hence (c) is incorrect.

C + O₂ → CO₂
According to the balanced equation:
n(C) reacted = n (O₂) required = n (CO₂) formed
n(C) available = 6/12 = 0.5
n(O₂) available = 32/32 = 1
Hence, C is the limiting reagent.
Therefore, n (CO₂) formed = n(C) reacted = 0.5
Therefore, mass of CO₂ formed = 0.5 × 44 = 22.0 g

The law of conservation of mass is obeyed in all chemical reactions except the nuclear reactions, where a small change in the mass is because it is converted into energy.
E = ∆ m C²

α-particle is Helium nucleus (He²⁺).
It has atomic number (Z) = 2 and mass number (A) = 4.
Therefore, number of protons = 2
Number of electrons = 0
Number of neutrons = 4 - 2 = 2

X = Cu₂S
Cu₂S(s) + Air(O₂)(g) → Cu₂O(s) + SO₂ (g)
(X) (Y)
(Y) is Cu₂O
Cu₂S(s) + 2Cu₂O(s) → 6Cu + SO₂ [Auto Reduction]
Thus, the metal is Cu.

Though nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere, its compounds are not that abundant as nitrogen is less reactive. The bond dissociation energy of the N≡N is very high, and the bond breaks naturally only when a high amount of heat is generated in the skies during a lightning discharge.

Statement (I) is correct and statement (II) is incorrect because electropositive character increases down the group and decreases across the period.
Statement (III) is incorrect as the atomic radius decreases across the period due to increase in the effective nuclear charge.
Y < W
Statement (IV) is correct because the atomic radius increases down the group.
Hence, W < X.

In all the 3 scenarios, the forces under consideration are perpendicular to the displacements.
Hence, work done by these forces is 0.
Hence, W₁ = W₂ = W₃ = 0

Number of holes in the disk determines the frequency of the sound wave per revolution.
Number of revolutions per second = 360/60 = 6 
So, the frequency of sound = 60 x 6 Hz = 360 Hz

Prongs of the tuning fork vibrate transversally whereas the stem vibrates longitudinally.

When an electric charge moves it generates a magnetic field. There are several ways in which this can happen.

An electron is a spinning electric charge. This makes each electron a tiny magnet.

When an electric current flows it generates a magnetic field because an electric current is moving charges.
Electromagnets are made from strong electric currents flowing through a coil of wire.

Inside the Sun, plasma of charged particle flow as convection currents. These flows of charged particles cause strong magnetic fields.

Rainbow → Dispersion of light
Twinkling → Fluctuation of the refractive index in the atmospheric layers
Blue colour of sky → Scattering of light
Advancement of sunrise and delay of sunset → Refraction of light

A person is suffering from both near sightedness and far sightedness.
His spectacles would be made of concave lens as the upper part and convex lens as the lower part.

720 = 2⁴ x 3² x5
Considering the three cases for 'x' and 'y'.

So, Now 12x and 5y can have six cases.

None of these three cases have L.C.M. 720.

Only the first case have L.C.M. 720.
So, x = 5 and y = 2⁴ × 3² = 144

The given equation is 2x + y = 10
Or, x + x + y = 10
Let x + y = a
So, the equation becomes x + a = 10
Now, a is maximum when x is minimum or when x = 0
So, maximum value of a or x + y = 10
Now, again the given equation is 2x + y = 10
Or, 2x + 2y = 10 + y
Or 2(x + y) = 2a = 10 + y
a is minimum when y will be minimum or y = 0
Thus, 2a = 10 or a = 5
Hence, the sum of maximum and minimum values is 10 + 5 = 15

Total number of three-digit numbers: 3 x 3 x 2 = 18
Now, numbers divisible by 5 are numbers ending with a 0 or a 5.
Numbers ending with a 0 are: 2 x 3 x 1 = 6 in number
Numbers ending with a 5 are: 2 x 2 x 1 = 4 in number
Thus, total number of numbers ending with a 0 or a 5 and hence, divisible by 5 is 6 + 4 = 10
So, probability = 10/18 = 5/9 

The middle class emerged through struggles and revolutions. Royals did not want the middle class to become powerful.

In most areas, the lands regularly used by pastoralists for grazing were taken over by the colonial state and given to select individuals for cultivation.

The spread of railways made it easy to transport the grain from the wheat growing regions to the eastern coast for export.

French Indo-China was formed in 1887 after the Franco-Chinese war.
Tonkin Free School was established to give westernised education in 1907.
Final link to Yunan in China of the rail network was completed in 1910.
The Vietnamese Communist Party was formed in 1930 after Ho Chi Minh brought together various nationalist groups.

a. Indulekha published in → 1889
b. Rajasekhara Charitramu published in → 1878
c. Yamuna Paryatan published in →1857
d. Pariksha-Guru published in → 1882

April Theses consisted of Lenin's three demands:

(1) Land be transferred to the peasants
(2) Bank be nationalised
(3) World war be brought to close

● When Gandhiji went to London to study law as a boy of 19 in 1888, he dressed in a western suit.
● In Durban in 1913, Gandhiji first appeared in a lungi and kurta.
● On his return to India in 1915, he decided to dress like Kathiawadi peasants.
● Only in 1921 did he adopt short dhoti.

Nationalism spreads when people begin to believe that they are all part of the same nation. In India, with the growth of nationalism, the identity of India came to be visually associated with the image of Bharat Mata. In late-nineteenth century, nationalists began collecting folk tales sung by bards and toured villages to collect folk songs and legends. During the Swadeshi Movement in Bengal, a tricolor flag was designed.

They make effective use of the available pastures in different places. When the pasture is exhausted in one place, they move their herds and flocks to a new area. This continuous movement also allows the pastures to recover and prevents its overuse.

In 19^th century England, grain production grew as quickly as the population not by any radical innovations in agricultural technology but by bringing new lands under cultivation. Landlords sliced up pasture lands, carved up open fields, cut up forest commons, took over marshes and turned larger and larger areas into agricultural fields.

By the late 19^th century, Indians began searching for a national dress because they wanted to define the cultural identity of the nation in symbolic ways.

After 1848, nationalism in Europe moved away from its association with democracy and revolution. The unification of Germany in 1871 was done by conservatives for promoting state power and achieving political domination over Europe by mobilizing nationalist sentiments.

On 1 May, 1707 the new sovereign state of Great Britain came into being as a result of the Acts of Union (ratified by the Parliament of England on 19 March) which combined the kingdoms of England and Scotland into a single united Kingdom of Great Britain and merged the Parliaments of England and Scotland to form the Parliament of Great Britain. With this England gained a guarantee that the Hanoverian dynasty( ruled Hanover, Great Britain, and Ireland at various times during the 17th through 20th centuries) would succeed Queen Anne to the Scottish crown.

Many within the congress were initially opposed to the idea of non-cooperation because they were reluctant to boycott the council election scheduled for November 1920. They feared that the movement might lead to popular violence.

The main reason why the society of Revolutionary and Republican Women was set up during the French Revolution was because they wanted the same political rights as men. This was their main demand.

The EI Nino, a warm ocean current, flows along the coast of Peru during Christmas.
During an El Niño year, weakening winds along the equator lead to warming water surface temperatures that lead to further weakening of the winds.

Air temperature decreases from the equator towards the poles because of varying insolation. Insolation is different at different areas because of inclination of earth from its vertical axis. Due to the curvature of the Earth, the amount of solar energy received varies according to the latitude.
With increase in elevation, the atmospheric pressure falls. As pressure is directly proportional to temperature, so the temperature will also fall.

Dahiya - Madhya Pradesh
Kumari - Western Ghats
Bringa - Odisha
Kuruwa - Jharkhand

Nuclear power stations require a great quantity of water for cooling purposes.

Sedimentary rocks on the western and eastern flanks of the peninsula, Gujarat and Assam have non-metallic minerals because these are found in sedimentary rocks.
Ferrous minerals are found in igneous rocks.

Uttarakhand touches only 2 countries - China and Nepal.

Ganga (1620 km) - NW 1
Brahmaputra (891 km) - NW 2
Godavari and Krishna (1095 km) - NW 4
Mahanadi and Brahmani (‎623 km) - NW 5

Ganga - Son
Krishna - Koyana

The order of hill ranges from North to South direction is as follows:

Ill. Karakoram Range
IV. Ladakh Range
I. Zaskar Range
II. Shiwalik Range

Narmada rises in Amarkantak Hills in Madhya Pradesh.
Godavari rises in the Nashik Hills of Maharashtra.
Krishna rises from springs near Mahabaleshwar.
Vaigai originates in Varusanadu Hills, in the Periyar Plateau of the Western Ghats range.

Urban areas have more employment opportunities because of presence of industries and service sector units. Urban areas also have better living conditions because of the presence of numerous hospitals and educational institutions.

From west to east direction:

Garo - Khasi - Jaintia - Naga

The Earth does not receive an equal amount of solar energy because of varied latitude, not because of altitude. Solar energy varies because of the curvature of the Earth.

The origins of different federations are dissimilar as it is decided by historical, cultural and political conditions of a country. Federalism promotes unity in diversity as it gives the chance to different communities to lead the government in their majority areas. It safeguards unity of the country while at the same time accomodates regional diversity.

Pressure groups are organizations that attempt to influence government policies. But unlike political parties, pressure groups do not aim to directly control or share political power.

Political inequality has been most successfully addressed by the Indian democracy as every adult has been given voting rights in India (Universal Adult Suffrage).

I. E.M.S. Namboodiripad was Chief minster of Kerala who belonged to Communist Party of India (Marxist).
II. Sheikh Abdullah was Chief minister of Jammu & Kashmir who belonged to Jammu & Kashmir National Conference.
III. N.T. Rama Rao belonged to Telugu Desam Party.
IV. Kanshi Ram was founder of Bahujan Samaj Party.

G.D.P. is value of all final goods and services produced within the country.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act aims at providing 100 days of wage employment in a year to rural households.

Principal = 2 bags of Rice
Amount = 2 1/2  bags of Rice
Interest = Amount – Principal
= 1/2  bags of Rice = 25 percent of the original amount (two bags) of loan.

Self consumption is not a market activity. It does not produce any revenue.

Raw materials and money in hand are called working capital. Unlike tools, machines and buildings, these are used in production. Tools and machines like plough, tractor and turbine come under fixed capital.