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Mathematics Test - 21

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Mathematics Test - 21
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0

    A random variable X has the following probability distribution

    X = x

    -2

    -1

    0

    1

    2

    3

    P(x)

    0.1

    0.1

    0.2

    0.2

    0.3

    0.1

    Then E(x) =

    Solution
    \(\begin{array}{l}E(x)=\sum x . P(x) \\ X=x \quad-2 \quad-1 \quad 0 \quad 1 \quad 2 \quad 3 \\ P(x) & 0.1 \quad 0.1 \quad 0.20 .2 \quad 0.3 \quad 0.1 \\ x . P(x)-0.2-0.10 & 0.2 \quad 0.6 \quad 0.3 \\ E(x)=\sum x . P(x)=-0.2-0.1+0.2+0.6+0.3 & \\ \text { Thus } E(x)=0.8\end{array}\)
  • Question 2
    1 / -0

    For every natural number n

    Solution

    Let n = 1 then option (a) and (d) is eliminated.

    Equality can't be attained for any value of n so,

    option (b) satisfied.

  • Question 3
    1 / -0

    The number of common tangents to the circles x2 + y2 = 4 and x2 + y2 − 4x + 2y − 4 = 0 is

    Solution

    Given circles are \(x^{2}+y^{2}=4\) and \(x^{2}+y^{2}-4 x+2 y-4=0\) i.e. \(x^{2}+y^{2}=4\) and \((x-2)^{2}-4+(y-1)^{2}-1-4=0\)

    i.e. \(x^{2}+y^{2}=4\) and \((x-2)^{2}+(y-1)^{2}=9\)

    Center and radii of \((i)\) is \(C_{1}=(0,0), r_{1}=2\)

    Center and radii of \((i i)\) is \(C_{2}=(2,-1), r_{2}=3\)

    Difference between \(C_{1}\) and \(C_{2}=\sqrt{5}\) Now here, \(\mathbf{1}=r_{2}-r_{1}<\sqrt{5}=C_{1} C_{2}<5=r_{1}+r_{2}\)

    So, there will be 2 common tangents.

  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    For positive integers \(n_{1}, n_{2}\) the value of the expression \((1+i)^{n_{1}+\left(1+i^{3}\right)^{n_{1}}+}\) \(\left(1+i^{5}\right)^{n_{2}}+\left(1+i^{7}\right)^{n_{2}}\) where \(i=\sqrt[2]{-1}\) is a real number if and only if
    Solution
    Using \(i^{3}=-i, i^{5}=i\) and \(i^{7}=-i,\) we can write the given expression as
    \[
    \begin{array}{l}
    (1+i)^{n_{1}}+\left(1+i^{3}\right)^{n_{1}}+\left(1+i^{5}\right)^{n_{2}}+\left(1+i^{7}\right)^{n_{2}} \text { where } i=\sqrt[2]{1} \\
    =2\left[^{n_{1}} C_{0}+^{n_{1}} C_{2}(i)^{2}+^{n_{1}} C_{4}(i)^{4}+^{n_{1}} C_{6}(i)^{6}+\cdots \cdots\right] \\
    +2\left[^{n_{2}} C_{0}+^{n_{2}} C_{2}(i)^{2}+^{n_{2}} C_{4}(i)^{4}+^{n_{2}} C_{6}(i)^{6}+\cdots \cdots\right] \\
    =2\left[^{n_{1}} C_{0}-^{n_{1}} C_{2}+^{n_{1}} C_{4}-^{n_{1}} C_{6}+\cdots \cdots\right]+2\left[^{n_{2}} C_{0}-^{n_{2}} C_{2}+^{n_{2}} C_{4}-^{n_{2}} C_{6}+\cdots \cdots\right]
    \end{array}
    \]
    This is a real number irrespective of values of \(n_{1}\) and \(n_{2}\)
  • Question 5
    1 / -0

    Let P(n) denote the statement thatn2+ n is odd. It

    is seem that P(n) ⇒ P(n + 1),Pnis true for all

    Solution
    \(P(n)=n^{2}+n .\) It is always odd (statement) but square of any odd number is always odd and also, sum of odd number is always even. So for no any 'n' for which this statement is true.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0

    If the line px + qy = 0 coincides with one of the lines given by ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0 then

    Solution
    The equation \(a x^{2}+2 h x y+b y^{2}=0\) can be written as \(a+\frac{2 h y}{x}+b\left(\frac{y}{x}\right)^{2}=0\)
    Consider \(p x+q y=0 .\) or \(\frac{y}{x}=\frac{-p}{q}\)
    Substituting in equation (i), \(a+2 h\left(\frac{-p}{q}\right)+b\left(\frac{-p}{q}\right)^{2}=0\)
    \(a q^{2}-2 h p q+b p^{2}=0\)
  • Question 7
    1 / -0

    If a circle with the point (−1,1) as its center touches the straight line x + 2y + 9 = 0 then the coordinates of the points of contact is

    Solution
    The normal to the tangent will pass through the centre. Also, the intersection of the normal and tangent will give the point of contact. Hence consider the equation of the tangent. \(y=\frac{-x}{2}-4.5\)
    Hence \(m=\frac{-1}{2}\)
    Therefore the slope of the normal is 2 since slope of normal and tangent are mutually perpendicular. Therefore equation of the normal at (1,-1) is \(\frac{y-1}{x+1}=2\) or \(y-1=2 x+2\) or \(2 x-y=-3\)
    Therefore, we have two equations \(2 x-y=-3\) and \(x+2 y+9=0\)
    Solving these two equations give us \((x, y)=(-3,-3)\)
    Hence, the point of contact is (-3,-3)
  • Question 8
    1 / -0

    The relation R defined on the set of natural numbers as {(a, b) : a differs from b by 3}, is given by

    Solution

    R={(a,b):a,bN,ab=3}={((n+3),n):nN}

    ={(4,1),(5,2),(6,3), .......} .

  • Question 9
    1 / -0

    Two players A and B throw a die alternately for a prize of Rs 11, which is to be won by a player who first throws a six. If A starts the game, their respective expectations are

    Solution
    ANSWER
    In his first throw \(A^{\prime} s\) chance is \(\frac{1}{6},\) in his second its is \(\frac{5}{6} \times \frac{5}{6} \times \frac{1}{6}\)
    because each players must have failed once before. \(A\) can have a second throw, in his third throw his chance is \(\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)^{4} \times \frac{1}{6}\) because each players must have failed twice, and so on.
    Thus \(A^{\prime} s\) chance is the sum of the infinite series
    \[
    \frac{1}{6}\left(1+\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)^{2}+\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)^{4}+\ldots\right)
    \]
    Similarly \(B^{\prime}\) s chance is the sum of the infinite series \(\frac{5}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\left(1+\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)^{2}+\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)^{4}\right)\) Therefore \(A^{\prime} s\) chance is to \(B^{\prime} s\) as 6 is to 5
    their respective chance are therefore \(\frac{6}{11}\) and \(\frac{5}{11}\) and their expectation are \(r s 6\) and \(r s 5\) respectively.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0

    The coefficient of xin the equationx2+ px+ q = 0was taken as 17 in place of 13, its roots were found to be -2 and -15, the roots of the original equation are

    Solution

    Let the equation (inwritten form) bex2+ 17x+ q = 0.
    Roots are -2, -15.
    So q = 30,
    And correct equation isx2+ 13x+ 30= 0.
    Hence roots are -3, -10.

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