CBSE Class 12 Pre-Board Exam 2024-25: Geography Most Important Questions with Answers – Free PDF Download

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The CBSE Class 12 pre-board exams for 2024-25 are an important step in your exam preparation. These exams help you check how well you’re prepared for the final board exams.

To help you study better, we’ve created a list of the most important Geography questions with answers. This Geography question focuses on essential topics to help you perform well.

The CBSE Pre-board Exam Geography questions cover key topics. They include objective, short/long answer, and competency-based questions, all matching the latest exam pattern.

CBSE 12 Pre-board Exam 2024-25 Geography Education Most Important Questions

1. The Human Poverty Index measures the shortfall in human development on the basis of which parameter/s?

A. The adult literacy rate and the life expectancy at birth.
B. Access to resources in terms of purchasing power.
C. The number of small children who are underweight.
D. The number of children enrolled in the school

Answer. C -The number of small children who are underweight

2. There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the codes provided below.

ssertion (A): Often smaller countries have done better than larger ones and relatively poorer nations have been ranked higher than richer neighbours in terms of human development.
Reason (R): Size of the territory and per capita income are not directly related to human development. Countries with higher human development are those where a lot of investment in the social sector has taken place.

Options:
A. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
B. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
C. Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
D. (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.

Answer. B. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

3. Which of the following statements are correct related to rural marketing centres? Choose the correct option.

i. Rural marketing centres cater to nearby settlements.
ii. Rural Marketing centres are quasi-urban trading centres of the most rudimentary type.
iii. They offer manufactured goods as well as many specialized markets develop, e.g. markets for labour, housing, semi or finished products.
iv. Personal and professional services are not well-developed. These form local collecting and distributing centres.

Options:
A. i, ii, iv
B. i, iii, iv
C. ii, iii, iv
D. i, ii, iii

Answer. A. i, ii, iv

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4. Arrange the following facts related to the history of international trade in sequence.

i. The Silk Route is an early example of long distance trade connecting Rome to China – along the 6,000 km route.
ii. After the disintegration of the Roman Empire, European commerce grew during twelfth and thirteenth century with the development of ocean going warships trade between Europe and Asia grew and the Americas were discovered.
iii. Fifteenth century onwards, the European colonialism began and along with trade of exotic commodities, a new form of trade emerged which was called slave trade.
iv. During the World Wars I and II, countries imposed trade taxes and quantitative restrictions for the first time.

Codes
A. i, ii, iv, v
B. iv, ii, iii, i
C. i, ii, iii, iv
D. iii, ii, iv, i

Answer. C. i, ii, iii, iv

5. The act of opening up economies for trading by bringing down trade barriers like tariffs and allowing goods and services from everywhere to compete with domestic products and services is called ._________________

A. Dumping
B. Trade liberalization
C. Balance of trade
D. Bilateral trade

Answer. B. Trade liberalization

6. Arrange the following states in order of their population from highest to lowest.

1. Bihar
2. Maharashtra
3. Uttar Pradesh
4. West Bengal

Codes:

A. 1, 3, 2, 4
B. 4, 3, 2, 1
C. 3, 2, 1, 4
D. 2, 1, 4, 3

Answer. C. 3, 2, 1, 4

7. There are four distinct phases of population growth identified in India over the last one century. Identify the phase from the given description.

This period is referred to as the period of population explosion in India, which was caused by a rapid fall in the mortality rate but a high fertility rate of population in the country. The average annual growth rate was as high as 2.2 per cent. It is in this period that developmental activities were introduced through a centralized planning process and economy started showing up ensuring the improvement of living condition of people at large. Consequently, there was a high natural increase and higher growth rate.

A. Phase I 1901-1921
B. Phase II 1921-1951
C. Phase III 1951-1981
D. Phase IV post 1981 till present

Answer. C. Phase III 1951-1981

8. The objective of protective irrigation is to___________________:

A. protect the crops from adverse effects of soil moisture deficiency.
B. provide sufficient soil moisture in the cropping season to achieve high productivity.
C. double water input per unit area of cultivated land so that multiple cropping can be done.
D. increase the productivity of soil.

Answer. A. To protect the crops from adverse effects of soil moisture deficiency.

9. There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason(R). Mark your answer as per the codes provided below.

Assertion (A): There has been a significant increase in agricultural output and yield, of many crops such as rice and wheat among the other crops like sugarcane, oilseeds and cotton, due to improvement in technology during the last 50 years.
Reason (R): Expansion of irrigation has played a crucial role in enhancing agricultural output in the country. It provided basis for introduction of modern agricultural technology during the last 50 years.

Options:
A. Both (A) and (R) are true but R is not the correct explanation of (A).
B. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
C. Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
D. (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.

Answer. B. Both (A) and I are true and I is the correct explanation of (A).

10. Identify the statement that is NOT true with regard to watershed management?

I. It refers to efficient management and conservation of surface and groundwater resources.
II. Watershed management includes judicious use of all resources – Both natural and human with in a watershed.
III. Watershed management aims at bringing about balance between natural resources on the one hand and society on the other.
IV. The success of watershed development solely depends upon the state government.

Options:
A. Statement I and IV
B. Only II
C. Only III
D. Statement IV

Answer. D. Statement IV

11. A group of students were conducting research on water Pollution level in Delhi. Which organization will students need to visit to gather information on water quality?

A. Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC)
B. Indian Council of Environmental Research (ICER)
C. National water development Agency (NWDA)
D. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)

Answer. D. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)

12. Which one of the following is incorrectly matched?

Answer. C

C Maharashtra

3 Korba

13. Satellite is mode of communication in themselves as well as they regulate the use of other means of communication. Choose the correct satellite system used by India.

1. India Remote Sensing Satellite System (IRS)
2. Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)
3. Indian Nation Satellite System (INSAT)
4. India Regional Navigation Satellite System

Codes
A. Both I and III
B. Only I
C. Both II and III
D. Only IV

Answer. A Both I and III

14. Setubharatam Pariyojana launched by the Indian government aims to achieve?

A. Development of State roads along coastal border areas.
B. The construction of about 1500 major bridges and 200 rail over bridges and rail under bridges.
C. Development of border roads.
D. Construction of more water ways.

Answer. B The construction of about 1500 major bridges and 200 rail over bridges and rail under bridges.

15. Read the graph and answer the following questions no.15-17:

Identify the highest populous country?

A. Russia
B. India
C. Canada
D. China

Answer. D China

16. Identify the African country that has very high population.

A. Mexico
B. Brazil
C. Pakistan
D. Nigeria

Answer. D- Nigeria

17. Which continent has the highest number of the world's most populous countries?

A. Africa
B. North America
C. Asia
D. South America

Answer. C Asia

18. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follows:

Tourism

Tourism has become the world’s single largest tertiary activity in total registered jobs (250 million) and total revenue (40 per cent of the total GDP). Besides, many local persons, are employed to provide services like accommodation, meals, transport, entertainment and special shops serving the tourists. Tourism fosters the growth of infrastructure industries, retail trading, and craft industries (souvenirs). In some regions, tourism is seasonal because the vacation period is dependent on favourable weather conditions, but many regions attract visitors all the year round.
The warmer places around the Mediterranean Coast and the West Coast of India are some of the popular tourist destinations in the world. Others include winter sports regions, found mainly in mountainous areas, and various scenic landscapes and national parks, which are scattered. Historic towns also attract tourists, because of the monument, heritage sites and cultural activities.

(I) What constitutes tourism?

Answer. Travel undertaken for purposes of recreation rather than business.

(II) List two renowned global tourist destinations.

Answer. The Mediterranean Coast and the West Coast of India.

(III) “Tourism has become the largest tertiary activity in the world”. Comment.

Answer. Tourism has become the world’s single largest tertiary activity in total registered jobs (250 million) and total revenue (40 per cent of the total GDP).
Besides, many local people are employed to provide services like accommodation, meals, transport, entertainment and special shops serving the tourists. Tourism fosters the growth of infrastructure industries, retail trading, and craft industries (souvenirs)

19. Study the following table and answer the questions:

(I) Identify the human development score for the countries classified as having Medium Human Development?

Answer. Between 0.700 up to 0.699

(II) What can you infer about the well-being of people living in countries with a high level of human development?

Answer. High Literacy rate, Low Birth rate and death Rate, High life expectancy

(III) Give reasons for low level of human development in 33 countries.

Answer. Countries with low levels of human development tend to spend more on defense rather than social sectors. These countries tend to be located in areas of political turmoil and social instability in the form of civil war, famine or a high incidence of diseases. They have not been able to initiate accelerated economic development.

20. Explain humanisation of nature with the help of a real life example.

Answer. Humanization of nature.

i. With the passage of time people begin to understand their environment and the forces of nature. With social and cultural development, humans develop better and more efficient technology. They move from a state of necessity to a state of freedom.
ii. They create possibilities with the resources obtained from the environment. The human activities create cultural landscape.
iii. The imprints of human activities are created everywhere; health resorts on highlands, huge urban sprawls, fields, orchards and pastures in plains and rolling hills, ports on the coasts, oceanic routes on the oceanic surface and satellites in the space. The earlier scholars termed this as possibilism.
iv. Nature provides opportunities and human being make use of these and slowly nature gets humanized and starts bearing the imprints of human endeavour.

21. Study the map of Suez Canal and answer the following questions:

(I) Name the two seas connected by the Suez Canal.

Answer. Mediterranean Sea and Red

(II) Why do we consider this as Europe’s gateway to the Indian Ocean?

Answer. This sea-route reduces direct distance between Liverpool and Colombo compared to the Cape of Good Hope route.

(III) Write one characteristic of the Suez Canal.

Answer. It is a sea-level canal without locks which is about 160 km and 11 to 15 m deep.

• About 100 ships travel daily and each ship takes 10-12 hours to cross this canal. The tolls are so heavy.
• A railway follows the canal to Suez, and from Ismailia there is a branch line to Cairo.
• A navigable fresh-water canal from the Nile also joins the Suez Canal in Ismailia to supply fresh-water to Port Said and Suez.

Any one point.

22. Prepare a proposal for a smart city that integrates advanced technology to enhance urban living while prioritising sustainability, cleanliness and affordability.

Answer. : One of the features of Smart Cities is:

i. To apply smart solutions to infrastructure and services.
ii. Making city less vulnerable to disasters, using fewer resources and providing cheaper services.
iii. The focus is on sustainable and inclusive development.

Any other relevant point.

23. Enumerate the challenges confronting society regarding the adolescent population. Enlist a few measures to overcome these problems.

Answer. The share of adolescents (ages 10 -19) is about 20.9 percent of the population. The adolescent population though regarded as the youthful population having high potential, is quite vulnerable if not guided properly.

i. There are many challenges for the society as far as adolescents are concerned such as, marriage at a young age, illiteracy (especially in females), school dropouts, low intake of nutrients, high rate of mortality of adolescent mothers, high rates of HIV/AIDS infections, physical or mental retardedness, drug abuse, alcoholism, juvenile delinquency, and committing crimes.
ii. The government of India has undertaken certain policies to impart proper education to the adolescents so their talents are better channelized and properly utilised.
iii. The National Youth Policy looks into the overall development of our large youth. It stresses on an all-round improvement of the youth and adolescents enabling them to shoulder responsibility towards constructive development of the country.

24. On the given political map of the World, seven geographical features have been marked as A, B, C, D, E, F and G. Identify any five with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines drawn near each feature.

A. A major seaport.

Answer. Cape town

B. An international airport.

Answer. Rome

C. An important Seaway.

Answer. St. Lawrence sea way

D. An area of subsistence gathering in South America.

Answer. Amazon

E. An important seaport of Asia.

Answer. Shanghai

F. An area of Nomadic Herding.

Answer. Tropical Africa/ North Africa

G. Region of extensive commercial grain agriculture.

Answer. Canterbury Grasslands/Plains

👉 CBSE Class 12 Study Materials

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2024-25	CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Papers
NCERT Books For Class 12 Books	NCERT Class 12 Solutions
CBSE Class 12 Full Study Material	CBSE Class 12 Sample Paper 2024-25