Kerala Board Plus Two (12th) Computer Science 2023 : 2 Marks Important Question with Solution

Kerala Board  Plus Two (12th) Computer Science 2023 : 2 Marks Important Question with Solution

This Post contains Plus Two ( 12th ) Computer Science Focus Area Notes PDF and Key Points for Class 12th Computer Science Notes are designed by expert teachers from the latest edition to get good marks in board exams. Students can Read the Plus Two Computer Science Focus Area Notes from our website for free.

2 Marks Important Question

1. Consider the given structure definition
struct complex
{
int real;
int imag;
};
a) Write a C++ statement to create a structure variable
b) write a C++ statement to store the value 15 to the structure member real

Ans. (a) complex c1;
or
struct complex c1;
or
struct complex
{
int real;
int imag;
}c1;

2. Write the use of * and & operators used in pointer

Ans. The dereference operator (*) retrieves the value pointed to by the pointer. Address of operator ( & ) is used to get the address of a variable.

3. What is polymorphism ? Which are the different types of polymorphism.

Ans. Polymorphism refers to the ability of a programming language to process objects
differently depending on their data type or class. There are two types of polymorphism:
Compile time polymorphism and run time polymorphism

4. Write JavaScript statements for storing an integer value to a variable.

Ans. var variable name = value;
Eg:- var num = 10;

5. Briefly explain about any two e- learning tools

Ans. e - Book reader – It is a device that can store a lot of books in digital form.

e-Text - Textual information available in electronic format is called e-Text

7. Define a structure named ‘Time’ with elements hour, minute and second

Ans.
Struct Time
{ int hour ;
int minute ;
int second ;
};

8. Read the following C++ code:
int a[5]={10,15,20,25,30};
int *p=a;
Write the output of the following statements:
a) cout<<*(p+2);
b) cout<<*p+3;

Ans:
a) 20
b) 13

9. List the different operations on data structure

Ans: Different operations on data structures are: Traversing, Searching, Sorting, Insertion, Deletion, and Merging

10. Describe the use of action and method attributes of <FORM> tag

Ans. Action specifies URL of the form handler which is ready to process data. Method specifies the method used to upload data. The most frequently used methods are Post and Get.

11. Explain the two purpose of using ‘+’ operator in JavaScript

Ans.
1. Add two numbers,
2. Add two strings (Concatenation)

12. Explain any two constraints used in SQL

Ans. Two constraints are:
Default: To set a default value in a column
Unique: This ensures that no two rows have the same value for a column

13. List the core datatypes in PHP

Ans. Integer, float, Boolean, String

14.What is meant by GIS? Give one example.

Ans. Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer system for capturing, storing, checking and displaying data related to various positions on earth’s surface. Eg: Water resource management, soil mapping, forest mapping etc.

15. Define infringement

Ans. Unauthorized use of intellectual property rights such as patents, copyrights and trademarks are called infringement. It may be a violation of civil law or criminal law depending on the nature of crime. Eg: Legal dispute between Apple and Samsung over their mobile phone technologies.

16. What is a self referential structure

Ans. Self referential structure is a structure in which one of the elements is a pointer to the same structure. A location of this type structure contains data and address of another location of the same type. It can be extended as per the requirement.

17. What is the difference between the declaration statements given below:
( a ) int * ptr = new int ( 10 ) ;
( b ) int * ptr = new int [10 ] ;

Ans. ( a ) int * ptr = new int ( 10 ) ; This is dynamic initialization of a pointer variable with value 10.
( b) int * ptr = new int [10 ] ; This is creation of a dynamic array of size 10.

18. Differentiate static and dynamic data structure. Give an example for each.

Ans. In static data structures, memory is allocated before the execution of the program. Here, the memory space will be fixed throughout the execution. Eg:- Arrays, Structures etc In dynamic data structures, the memory is allocated during the execution of program. Data structures implemented using linked lists are dynamic in nature.

19. Explain any two data types in JavaScript.

Ans. Number: All numbers fall into this category. All integers and float values are treated as number type in JavaScript.

String: Any combination of characters numbers or any other symbols, enclosed within double quotes are treated as String in JavaScript. Eg:- “ Welcome “ , “123 “ etc.

20. Explain any two components of DBMS

Ans. Hardware: Hardware is the actual computer system used for storage and retrieval of data base. Software: the software part consists of the actual DBMS, application programs and utilities.

21. Compare serial and parallel computing

Ans. Single processor for serial computing whereas multiple processors for parallel computing. Sequential execution of instructions as one after another in serial computing whereas simultaneous execution of instructions in parallel computing.

22. How does ICT help students in learning ?

Ans. There are many ICT tools for enhancing learning process. They are:
e – Books reader :- e - Book reader is a device that can store a lot of books in digital form.
e - Text :-Textual information available in electronic format is called e - Text

23. Identify the correct errors in the following code fragment:
struct
{ int regno ;
Char name[20] ;
float mark=100 ;
};

Ans.
1. struct tagname
2. float mark=100;

24. What is a primary Key? What is the significance of primary key in a relation?

Ans. A primary key is a set of one or more attributes that can uniquely identify tuples within the relation. Eg: In student table no two student have the same Admno. So Admno can be used as primary key in student table.

25. Name the global variables used for passing data using HTTP GET and POST request.

Ans. $_GET and $_POST

26. What is cyberspace? How cyberspace has influenced our life?.

Ans. Cyber Space is a virtual environment created by computer system connected to internet. Now a days, cyber space make shopping easier from the home through various ecommerce sites. People purchase goods online from these websites

27. What is artificial neural network?

Ans. In addition to the ability of brain to perform pattern recognition, perception and body movements much faster than any computer ,other features such as ability to learn , memorize and still generalize prompted research in algorithmic modelling of biological neural systems. It is known as Artificial Neural Network.

28. How does stack overflow and stack underflow occur? 

Ans. If we attempt to insert an item into an already full stack, an impossible situation arises. It is called stack overflow. If we try to delete an item from an empty stack, an unfavourable situation arises. It is called stack underflow.

29. Write a procedure to implement transversal operation in a linked list. 

Ans. Step 1: Get the address from the first node start and store it in temp.
Step 2: Using the address in temp, get the data of first /next node and store it in val.
Step 3: Get the content of the link part of this node and store it in temp.
Step 4: If the content of this temp is not NULL , otherwise go to step2.

30. What are the various types of client side scripting languages 

Ans. Various types of client side scripting languages are VB Script and JavaScript. VB Script is developed by Microsoft Corporation based on Visual Basic. It was developed to use in Windows platform. JavaScript was developed by Brendan Eich for Netscape group. JavaScript is the most popular client side scripting language and works in almost every browser.

31. An example of virtualization software is ____________

Ans. VMware / Virtualbox / FreeVPS / Usermode Linux / Microsoft Hyper – V

32. Discuss steps involved in registering the domain name of your school website.

Ans. a. Select the hosting company.
b. Check whether the domain name is available or not in whois.net.
c. If the name is available, fill the registration form.
d. After paying the registration fee, the domain is purchased and the name is registered.

33. Discuss about special data types used in PHP.

Ans. Special datatypes in PHP are:
Null: To store only one value – NULL.
Array : To hold multiple values
Object : Objects can contain variables and functions.
Resources: Special variables that hold references to other external resources.

34. Write two advantages of linked list data structure over arrays

Ans. Dynamic data structure, memory is allocated as per the requirement

35. Explain how push operation is done in stack:

Ans. First check whether the stack is full by comparing the value of top with maximum limit of stack. If top reaches the max, overflow condition will occur. Otherwise increment top and then insert element to the stack pointed by top.

36. Linked lists usually do not have the problem of overflow. Discuss. 

Ans. Linked lists is dynamic data structure where there is no limit in the number of items. The memory allocation takes place when a new item is about to insert in to the list. As any number of data can be inserted into linked list, it do not have the problem of overflow.

37. What type of hosting will you use to support a government website ? Give its advantages.

Ans. Dedicated hosting. It gives more security as the web server is not shared with other website. Moreover, the government will get the freedom to choose the hardware and software for the server and has full control over the web server.

38. Discuss the levels of data abstraction in DBMS.

Ans. There are three abstraction Levels in DBMS. They are:
1) Physical Level : This is the lowest level of abstraction. Here, how data is actually stored is described.
2) Logical Level : Here, what data are stored in the data base is described. What are the relationships existing among the data are also specified.
3) View Level : This is the highest level of data base abstraction. It is concerned with the view in which individual users view the data.

39. Give the output obtained with the pattern match “---“ in the string “board” .

Ans. boa / oar / ard

40. Orphaned memory blocks are undesirable. How can they avoided?

Ans. Dynamic memory can be allocated using new operator. After allocation, sometimes memory block may be left unused and not released for further use. This memory block is called orphaned memory. It can be avoided by the proper use of delete operator, which releases the memory for reallocation.

41. What is self referential structure ? 

Ans. Self referential structure is a structure in which one of the elements is a pointer to the same structure. A location of this type structure contains data and address of another location of the same type. It can be extended as per the requirement.

42. What is Polymorphism. Give an example.

Ans. Polymorphism is the ability of a programming language to process objects differently depending on their data types or class. Eg: Area of different shapes

43. What is polymorphism ? Which are the different types of polymorphism

Ans. Polymorphism refers to the ability of a programming language to process objects differently depending on their data type or class.
Compile time polymorphism and run time polymorphism

44. List the different operations on data structures 

Ans. Different operations on data structures are: Traversing, Searching, Sorting, Insertion, Deletion and Merging

45. Write an algorithm to insert new item into a queue.

Ans. step 1: if (rear= =Max-1)
step 2: Print “Overflow”
step 3: Else
step 4: Rear++;
step 5: Queue[Rear] = item

46. Explain how push operation is done in stack: 

Ans. First check whether the stack is full by comparing the value of top with maximum limit of stack. If top reaches the max, overflow condition will occur. Otherwise increment top and then insert element to the stack pointed by top.

47. Distinguish between array and structure

Ans.

48. Distinguish between parallel computing and serial computing

Ans.

49. Differentiate echo and print statements used in PHP

Ans.

50. Write the names and their use of any two built in functions in javascript

Ans. alert(), isNaN(), toUpperCase(), toLowerCase(), charAt()

Kerala Board Class 12 Study Materials