Maharashtra Board 12th Physics Exam 2025 : Most Important Question Answers for Last-Minute Revision

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Maharashtra Class 12 exams have already begun and you have very little time left for the Physics exam. So, we are providing the most important answer type questions in this article. You can read them thoroughly and score good marks in your exams.
So this article is to help you with those most important MCQs and short question answers with quick and effective last-minute revision.
MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) are an important part of your Physics exam to score good marks. Mastering them can boost your confidence and score significant marks.
Download PDF Maharashtra 12th Physics Exam 2025 Most Important Question Answers |
Maharashtra 12th Physics Exam 2025 Most Important Question Answers |
These questions cover various topics from the syllabus of Physics. Remember, it is important to understand the logic behind each answer to score good marks.
Maharashtra Board Physics Most Important Question Answers
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Soft iron is used to make the core of a transformer because of its
(a) low coercivity and low retentivity
(b) low coercivity and high retentivity
(c) high coercivity and high retentivity
(d) high coercivity and low retentivity
Ans. (a) low coercivity and low retentivity
2. A circular coil of 100 turns with a cross-sectional area of 1 m2 is kept with its plane perpendicular to the magnetic field of IT. The magnetic flux linked with the coil is
(a) 1 Wb
(b) 100 Wb
(c) 50 Wb
(d) 200 Wb
Ans. (b) 100 Wb
3. For a series LCR circuit, at resonance the impedance of the circuit is equal to
(a) the inductive reactance
(b) the capacitive reactance
(c) the resistance
(d) the inductive and capacitive reactance both
Ans. (c) the resistance
4. In a photoelectric cell, the product of the stopping potential and electronic charge is equal to
(a) the potential energy of the emitted electron
(b) the kinetic energy of the emitted electron
(c) the photoelectric work function of the emitter material
(d) the maximum kinetic energy that an emitted electron can have
Ans. (d) the maximum kinetic energy that an emitted electron can have
5. In a BJT, largest current flow occurs
(a) in the emitter
(b) in the collector
(c) in the base
(d) through the CB junction
Ans. (a) in the emitter
6. Raindrops are spherical in shape because of
(a) surface tension
(b) capillarity
(c) downward motion
(d) acceleration due to gravity
Ans. (a) surface tension
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7. A liquid rises in a glass capillary tube to a height of 2.5 cm at room temperature. If another glass capillary tube of radius half that of the former is immersed in the same liquid, the rise of the liquid in it will be
(a) 1.25 cm
(b) 2.5 cm
(c) 5 cm
(d) 10 cm
Ans. (c) 5 cm
8. Colour of a shining bright star is an indication of its
(a) distance from the Earth
(b) size
(c) temperature
(d) mass.
Ans. (c) temperature
9. In an ideal gas, the molecules possess
(a) only kinetic energy
(b) both kinetic energy and potential energy
(c) only potential energy
(d) neither kinetic energy nor potential energy.
Ans. (a) only kinetic energy
10. If the pressure of an ideal gas is decreased by 10% isothermally, then its volume will
(a) decrease by 9%
(b) increase by 9%
(c) decrease by 10%
(d) increase by 11.11%.
Ans. (d) increase by 11.11%.
11. If a = 0.72 and r = 0.24, then the value of t is
(a) 0.02
(b) 0.04
(c) 0.4
(d) 0.2
Ans. (b) 0.04
12. The ratio of the emissive power of a perfectly blackbody at 1327 °C and 527 °C is
(a) 4 : 1
(b) 16 : 1
(c) 2 : 1
(d) 8 : 1
Ans. (b) 16 : 1
13. The second law of thermodynamics deals with transfer of
(a) work done
(b) energy
(c) momentum
(d) heat
Ans. (d) heat
14. During refrigeration cycle, heat is rejected by the refrigerant in the
(a) condenser
(c) evaporator
(b) cold chamber
(d) hot chamber
Ans. (a) condenser
15. Two identical springs of constant k are connected first in series and then in parallel. A block of mass m is suspended from the combination. The ratio of their frequencies for vertical oscillations will be in a ratio
(a) 1 : 4
(b) 1 : 2
(c) 2 : 1
(d) 4 : 1
Ans. (b) 1 : 2
16. When standing waves are produced on a string fixed at both ends,
(a) all particles vibrate in phase
(b) all antinodes vibrate in phase
(c) all alternate antinodes vibrate in phase
(d) all particles between two consecutive antinodes vibrate in phase
Ans. (d) all particles between two consecutive antinodes vibrate in phase
17. Which of the following phenomena proves that light is a transverse wave ?
(a) Reflection
(b) Interference
(c) Diffraction
(d) Polarization
Ans. (d) Polarization
18. The angle at which maximum torque is exerted by an uniform external electric field on an electric dipole is
(a) 0°
(b) 30°
(c) 45°
(d) 90º
Ans. (d) 90º
19. A parallel plate capacitor is charged and then isolated. On increasing the plate separation, the charge, potential and capacitance respectively
(a) remains constant, decreases, decreases
(b) increases, decreases, decreases
(c) remains constant, decreases, increases
(d) remains constant, increases, decreases
Ans. (a) remains constant, decreases, decreases
20. When the balance point is obtained in the potentiometer, a current is drawn from
(a) both the cell and auxiliary battery
(b) cell only
(c) neither cell nor auxiliary battery
(d) auxiliary battery only
Ans. (c) neither cell nor auxiliary battery
21. The emissive power of a body is
(a) the energy emitted by the body in a given time
(b) the radiant energy emitted by the body per unit area of the body
(c) the radiant energy emitted by the body per unit time
(d) the radiant energy emitted by the body per unit time per unit area of the body
Ans. (d) the radiant energy emitted by the body per unit time per unit area of the body
22. Two bodies have moments of inertia I1 and I2 and angular momentum L1 and L2 (L1 < L2). If they rotate with the same rotational kinetic energies, then
(a) I2 < 11
(b) I2 = I1
(c) I2 > I1
(d) I2 ≤ I1
Ans. (c) I2 > I1
23. A fixed load resistance is connected to a Zener regulator. For an unregulated de input voltage Vin greater than the Zener voltage, the voltage across the current limiting series resistor is Vs. When Vin increases, the voltage across the load resistance is equal to
(a) Vs
(b) Vin - Vs
(c) Vin
(d) none of these
Ans. (b) Vin - Vs
24. In the vertical circular motion of a bob of mass m suspended by a string, the difference in the tensions in the string at a horizontal position and the uppermost position is
(a) mg
(b) 2mg
(c) 3mg
(d) 6mg
Ans. (c) 3mg
25. When seen from below, the blades of a ceiling fan are seen to be revolving anticlockwise and their speed is decreasing. Select the correct statement about the directions of its angular velocity and angular acceleration.
(a) Angular velocity upwards, angular acceleration downwards.
(b) Angular velocity downwards, angular acceleration upwards.
(c) Both angular velocity and angular acceleration upwards.
(d) Both angular velocity and angular acceleration downwards.
Ans. (b) Angular velocity downwards, angular acceleration upwards.
Maharashtra Board 12th Short and Long Answer Type Important Questions
Q1. What is magnetic shielding ?
Ans. The use of a shell or box of magnetic material of high permeability to protect sensitive instruments from stray magnetic fields is called magnetic shielding.
Q2. Why is the base of a transistor made thin and is lightly doped ?
Ans. The base of a transistor is lightly doped than the emitter and is made narrow so that virtually all the electrons injected from the emitter (in an npn transistor) diffuse right across the base to the collector junction without recombining with holes. That is, the base width is kept less than the recombination distance. Also, the emitter is much heavily doped than the base to improve emitter efficiency and common-base current gain x.
Q3. State any two applications of Pascal's law.
Ans. Applications of Pascal's law :
(1) Hydraulic car lift and hydraulic press
(2) Hydraulic brakes
Q4. Why is cold wash recommended for new cotton fabrics while hot wash for removing stains ?
Ans. Cold wash is recommended for new/coloured cotton fabrics. Cold water, due to its higher surface tension, does not penetrate deep into the fibres and thus does not fade the colours. Hot water, because of its lower surface tension, can penetrate deep into fabric fibres and remove tough stains.
Q5. What is the effect on the surface tension of (i) molten copper (ii) molten cadmium on increasing its temperature ?
Ans. The surface tension of (i) molten copper (ii) molten cadmium increases on increasing its temperature.
Q6. What is meant by a steady flow ?
Ans. When a liquid flows slowly over a surface or through a pipe such that its velocity or pressure at any point within the fluid is constant, it is said to be in steady flow.
Q7. What is viscous drag ?
Ans. When a fluid flows past a solid surface, or when a solid body moves through a fluid, there is always a force of fluid friction opposing the motion. This force of fluid friction is called the drag force or viscous drag.
Q8. What is thermal equilibrium ?
Ans. A system is in a state of thermal equilibrium if there is no net transfer of heat between the various parts of the system or between the system and its surroundings, so that the temperature remains constant and uniform throughout the system.
Q9. What is an isothermal process ?
Ans. A process in which changes in pressure and volume of a system take place at a constant temperature is called an isothermal process.
Q10. In which thermodynamic process does the total internal energy of a system remain constant ?
Ans. The total internal energy of a system remains constant in an isothermal process.
Q11. Give an example of some familiar process in which no heat is added to or removed from a system, but the temperature of the system changes.
Ans. A free expansion is an adiabatic process in which the temperature of the gas changes although no heat is added to or removed from the system (gas).
Q12. A tuning fork is in resonance with a closed pipe. But the same tuning fork cannot be in resonance with an open pipe of the same length. Why ?
Ans. For the same length of air column, and the same speed of sound, the fundamental frequency of the air column in a closed pipe is half that in an open pipe. Hence, a tuning fork in unison with the air column in a closed pipe cannot be in unison with the air column of the same length in an open pipe.
Q13. How is Young's interference experiment performed using a single source of light ?
Ans. When a narrow slit is placed in front of an intense source of monochromatic light, cylindrical wavefronts propagate from the slit. In Young's experiment, two coherent sources are then obtained by wavefront splitting by placing a second screen with two narrow slits at a small distance from the first slit.
Q14. Give a common use of a polarizer.
Ans. Polaroid sunglasses and filter for camera lens are used to reduce or eliminate intense reflected light from reflective nonmetallic surfaces like glass, rock faces, roadways and water.
Q15. What is Fresnel diffraction ?
Ans. In Fresnel diffraction, either the source of light or the screen or both are at finite distances from the diffracting aperture.
Q16. What is the shape of equipotential surfaces in a uniform electric field ?
Ans. In a uniform electric field, the field lines are equally-spaced parallel lines and the equipotential surfaces are parallel planes perpendicular to the field lines. For equal potential differences between adjacent planes, these equipotentials are equally spaced.
Q17. What is the resistance of an ideal voltmeter ?
Ans. Infinite.
Q18. What is a potentiometer ?
Ans. A potentiometer is an instrument for measuring, comparing or dividing small potential differences. It consists of a long and uniform resistance wire along which a potential gradient is set up by connecting a cell of extremely stable emf connected across its ends.
Q19. What will be the effect on the position of null point on a potentiometer wire if the current through the wire is decreased ?
Ans. The potential gradient along a potentiometer wire is directly proportional to the current through the wire and the null length on potentiometer is inversely proportional to the potential gradient. Hence, the potential gradient decreases with a decrease in the current. Consequently, the null length will decrease.
Q20. What happens when a rod of diamagnetic material is placed in a nonuniform magnetic field ?
Ans. When a rod of a diamagnetic material is placed in a nonuniform
magnetic field, it is repelled from the region of strong field.
Q21. What happens when a rod of diamagnetic material is suspended in a uniform magnetic field ?
Ans. When a thin rod of a diamagnetic material is suspended in a uniform
magnetic field, it comes to rest with its length perpendicular to the field.
Q22. What happens to a ferromagnetic material when it is heated above its Curie temperature ?
Ans. When a ferromagnetic material is heated above its Curie temperature, spontaneous domain magnetization is lost due to increased thermal agitation. Without the domain structure, the atomic magnetic moments are randomly oriented so that the material undergoes an order to disorder phase transition to a paramagnetic material.
Q23. Which property of soft iron makes it useful for making an electromagnet ?
Ans. An electromagnet should become magnetic when a current is passed through its coil but should lose its magnetism once the current is switched off. Hence, the ferromagnetic core (usually iron-based) used for an electromagnet should have high permeability and low retentivity, i.e., it
should be magnetically 'soft'.
Q24. Why is centrifugal force called a pseudo force ?
Ans. A force which arises from gravitational, electromagnetic or nuclear interaction between matter is called a real force. The centrifugal force does not arise due to any of these interactions. Therefore, it is not a real force.
The centrifugal force in the noninertial frame of reference of a particle in circular motion is the effect of the acceleration of the frame of reference with respect to an inertial frame of reference. Therefore, it is called a pseudo or fictitious force.
Q25. What happens when a ballet dancer stretches her arms while taking turns ?
Ans. When a ballet dancer stretches her arms in a dance spin, her moment of inertia increases. Consequently her angular speed decreases to conserve angular momentum. This reduces the linear speed of an ice ballet dancer to prevent skidding while taking turns of larger radius.