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English Language Test - 7

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Question 1
4 / -1

Directions For Questions

In dark days, men need a clear faith and a well-grounded hope; and as the outcome of these, the calm courage which takes no account of hardships by the way. The times through which we are passing have afforded to many of us a confirmation of our faith. We see that the things we had thought evil are really evil, and we know more definitely than we ever did before the directions in which men must move if a better world is to arise on the ruins of the one which is now hurling itself into destruction. We see that men's political dealings with one another are based on wholly wrong ideals, and can only be saved by quite different ideals from continuing to be a source of suffering, devastation, and sin.

Political ideals must be based upon ideals for the individual life. The aim of politics should be to make the lives of individuals as good as possible. There is nothing for the politician to consider outside or above the various men, women, and children who compose the world. The problem of politics is to adjust the relations of human beings in such a way that each severally may have as much of good in his existence as possible. And this problem requires that we should first consider what it is that we think good in the individual life.

...view full instructions

It can be inferred from the passage that the current times (the time being referred to in the passage):

A
represent days of hope

B
are full of calm courage

C
do not reflect hardships

D
are dark days of hardships

Solution

Refer to the lines: In dark days, men need a clear faith and a well-grounded hope; and as the outcome of these, the calm courage which takes no account of hardships by the way. The times through which we are passing have afforded to many of us a confirmation of our faith.

When does man need clear faith and when does he need a confirmation of faith? Dark days, the ones mentioned right at the start of the passage.
Question 2
4 / -1

Directions For Questions

In dark days, men need a clear faith and a well-grounded hope; and as the outcome of these, the calm courage which takes no account of hardships by the way. The times through which we are passing have afforded to many of us a confirmation of our faith. We see that the things we had thought evil are really evil, and we know more definitely than we ever did before the directions in which men must move if a better world is to arise on the ruins of the one which is now hurling itself into destruction. We see that men's political dealings with one another are based on wholly wrong ideals, and can only be saved by quite different ideals from continuing to be a source of suffering, devastation, and sin.

Political ideals must be based upon ideals for the individual life. The aim of politics should be to make the lives of individuals as good as possible. There is nothing for the politician to consider outside or above the various men, women, and children who compose the world. The problem of politics is to adjust the relations of human beings in such a way that each severally may have as much of good in his existence as possible. And this problem requires that we should first consider what it is that we think good in the individual life.

...view full instructions

What is the main idea of the passage?

A
In these dark and evil times, the political ideals of man need to consider the individual good of man in order to move out of this despair.

B
The current times are the doing of politicians and these politicians need to be replaced in order to make an effective change.

C
The political dealings of men are jumbled-up, and these need to be straightened out.

D
Man does not think about individual good enough and should rectify this thought process.

Solution

Option 2 is incorrect as it places the onus on politicians, whereas the passage talks about political ideals. Option 3 is incomplete in nature. Option 4 leaves out the context of the passage, and is simply a comment. Option 1 is the one complete option that takes care of every aspect of the passage.
Question 3
4 / -1

Directions For Questions

In dark days, men need a clear faith and a well-grounded hope; and as the outcome of these, the calm courage which takes no account of hardships by the way. The times through which we are passing have afforded to many of us a confirmation of our faith. We see that the things we had thought evil are really evil, and we know more definitely than we ever did before the directions in which men must move if a better world is to arise on the ruins of the one which is now hurling itself into destruction. We see that men's political dealings with one another are based on wholly wrong ideals, and can only be saved by quite different ideals from continuing to be a source of suffering, devastation, and sin.

Political ideals must be based upon ideals for the individual life. The aim of politics should be to make the lives of individuals as good as possible. There is nothing for the politician to consider outside or above the various men, women, and children who compose the world. The problem of politics is to adjust the relations of human beings in such a way that each severally may have as much of good in his existence as possible. And this problem requires that we should first consider what it is that we think good in the individual life.

...view full instructions

Which of the following is an assumption the author makes?

A
It is possible for political ideals to transpose themselves from the level of collective society to that of an individual.

B
It is possible for political ideals to transpose themselves from the level of an individual to that of collective society.

C
Men, women and children are equally concerned about one another’s welfare.

D
Men, women and children are equally concerned about their own welfare.

Solution

The answer to this question can be found in the lines: Political ideals must be based upon ideals for the individual life. The aim of politics should be to make the lives of individuals as good as possible. There is nothing for the politician to consider outside or above the various men, women, and children who compose the world. The problem of politics is to adjust the relations of human beings in such a way that each severally may have as much of good in his existence as possible. And this problem requires that we should first consider what it is that we think good in the individual life.

The two underlined portions illustrate what the author is intending. He wishes that first good of the individual should be considered, and then this should be extrapolated to the society in general. During this process, his argument is underpinned by the assumption that such a transformation is possible, and this makes option 2 the correct answer.
Question 4
4 / -1

Using computer techniques, researchers analyze layers of paint that lie buried beneath the surface layers of old paintings. They claim, for example, that additional mountainous scenery once appeared in Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa, which was later painted over. Skeptics reply to these claims, however, that X-ray examinations of the Mona Lisa do not show hidden mountains
Which of the following, if true, would tend most to weaken the force of the skeptics’ objections?

A
There is no written or anecdotal record that Leonardo da Vinci ever painted over major areas of his Mono Lisa.

B
Painters of da Vinci’s time commonly created images of mountainous scenery in the backgrounds of portraits like the Mono Lisa.

C
No one knows for certain what parts of the Mono Lisa may have been painted by da Vinci’s assistants rather than by da Vinci himself.

D
Analysis relying on X-rays only has the capacity to detect lead-based white pigments in layers of paint beneath a painting’s surface layers.

Solution

Even assuming that lead-based white pigments were in fact used in painting the Mona Lisa, it is not clear, without further argument, that mountainous scenery, if it had been palmed, would contain white pigments in such a configuration that the presence of mountainous scenery could be deduced. Thus, the skeptics’ evidence might have no force. Therefore, D is the best answer.
The fact cited in A does not bear on whether mountainous scenery was ever present; it merely suggests that, if someone painted over any mountainous scenery, it was not da Vinci The skeptics base their case on a physical examination of the Mona Lisa. Unless it is shown that their method yields inconclusive results, counter-evidence derived from general artistic conventions, such as that mentioned in B, has no force. The information in C does not help to determine what was in the painting.
Question 5
4 / -1

Since 1882, tuberculosis has decreased forty-nine per cent; typhoid, thirty-nine per cent. Statistics in regard to heart disease and other troubles under personal control, however, show increase—kidney disease, 131 per cent; heart disease, fifty-seven per cent; apoplexy, eighty-four per cent. This means that infectious and contagious diseases, of which the State has taken cognizance and to the suppression of which it has applied known laws of science, have been brought under control, and their existence today is due only to the carelessness or the ignorance of individuals. On the other hand, such results of improper personal living as do not come under legal control—diseases of the heart, kidneys, and general degeneration, matters of personal hygiene—have so enormously increased as in themselves to show the attitude of mind of the great mass of the people, “Let us eat and drink and be merry, what if we do die tomorrow!” Probably not more than twenty-five per cent in any community are doing a full day’s work such as they would be capable of doing if they were in perfect health. This adds to the length of the school course, to the cost of production in all directions, to increased taxation, and decreases interest in daily life.
It can be inferred from the passage that a probable cause for the increase of troubles under personal control is:

A
Only a fraction of the community does a full day’s work.

B
Government is not regulating and monitoring these diseases.

C
Governments are not interested in checking the menace of these diseases.

D
On a daily basis, individuals have adopted a careless lifestyle that they should not.

Solution

The answer can be found in the line: “…their existence today is due only to the carelessness or the ignorance of individuals…”
This clearly implies that the individuals are not living the lifestyle that they should be.
Option 1 comes close here but then does not provide the complete reason, and what impact would this lack of working have on a person, that aspect has been missed by this answer option.
Question 6
4 / -1

Since 1882, tuberculosis has decreased forty-nine per cent; typhoid, thirty-nine per cent. Statistics in regard to heart disease and other troubles under personal control, however, show increase—kidney disease, 131 per cent; heart disease, fifty-seven per cent; apoplexy, eighty-four per cent. This means that infectious and contagious diseases, of which the State has taken cognizance and to the suppression of which it has applied known laws of science, have been brought under control, and their existence today is due only to the carelessness or the ignorance of individuals. On the other hand, such results of improper personal living as do not come under legal control—diseases of the heart, kidneys, and general degeneration, matters of personal hygiene—have so enormously increased as in themselves to show the attitude of mind of the great mass of the people, “Let us eat and drink and be merry, what if we do die tomorrow!” Probably not more than twenty-five per cent in any community are doing a full day’s work such as they would be capable of doing if they were in perfect health. This adds to the length of the school course, to the cost of production in all directions, to increased taxation, and decreases interest in daily life.
The main idea of the passage emphasizes that health of an individual:

A
is his own responsibility

B
is the responsibility of the person as well as the government

C
can never be monitored by the government

D
is too subjective to be placed under the purview of governments

Solution

The main idea of the passage is the fact that the areas of health management under the government have seen substantial improvements, and this is not the case for those under personal control. The author wishes to highlight that the state can only do as much with respect to health and the other parameters fall under the purview of the government. This makes option 2 the correct answer in this case, as health management being a joint responsibility.
Question 7
4 / -1

Since 1882, tuberculosis has decreased forty-nine per cent; typhoid, thirty-nine per cent. Statistics in regard to heart disease and other troubles under personal control, however, show increase—kidney disease, 131 per cent; heart disease, fifty-seven per cent; apoplexy, eighty-four per cent. This means that infectious and contagious diseases, of which the State has taken cognizance and to the suppression of which it has applied known laws of science, have been brought under control, and their existence today is due only to the carelessness or the ignorance of individuals. On the other hand, such results of improper personal living as do not come under legal control—diseases of the heart, kidneys, and general degeneration, matters of personal hygiene—have so enormously increased as in themselves to show the attitude of mind of the great mass of the people, “Let us eat and drink and be merry, what if we do die tomorrow!” Probably not more than twenty-five per cent in any community are doing a full day’s work such as they would be capable of doing if they were in perfect health. This adds to the length of the school course, to the cost of production in all directions, to increased taxation, and decreases interest in daily life.
Which of the following is likely to strengthen what the author says?

A
A report stating how tuberculosis is still prevalent in rural areas.

B
A study highlighting the damages of air pollution.

C
A study co-relating increased vehicular traffic with increase in lung cancer.

D
A study pointing towards an increased consumption of alcohol.

Solution

In the given case, we need to strengthen the argument of the author that individuals are the ones at fault and the issues/diseases that can be controlled by the government are not the ones causing increased health troubles. This is highlighted by option 4, an option based on personal choices. The other three options have the government involved and can be corrected with government action.
Question 8
4 / -1

From the alternatives, choose the one which correctly classifies the four sentences as a
F: Fact: If it relates to a known matter of direct observation, or an existing reality or something known to be true.
J: Judgment: If it is an opinion or estimate or anticipation of common sense or intention.
I: Inference: If it is a logical conclusion or deduction about something based on the knowledge of facts.
A. The ideal solution will be to advertise aggressively.
B. One brand is already popular amongst the youth.
C. Reducing prices will mean trouble as our revenues are already dwindling
D. The correct solution will be to consolidate by aggressive marketing.

A
JFIJ

B
FJJI

C
IJFF

D
JJIF

Solution

B. presents a fact and no other choice gives that as an option C. Presents an inference based on a logical conclusion of the fact that the revenues are already dwindling and what could happen with an price reduction.
Question 9
4 / -1

Four statements with blanks have been given. These statements are followed by four alternatives. Choose the one which fits into the set of statements the maximum number of times.
A. People sensed _________.
B. A bad ________ case had come in – a person with a smashed arm.
C. And then, without warning, ________ struck.
D. The dogs were the first to recognize the signs of oncoming ________.

A
tragedy

B
accident

C
disaster

D
calamity

Solution

Disaster can fit in A., C. and D.
Question 10
4 / -1

Directions For Questions

Direction: These questions are based on the information given below:

Dr John Kane's father, a retired army general, never smoked and had no apparent health risks – but had died of a heart attack at 66. The news propelled Kane into the field of cardiology. Nearly half a century later, his discoveries may alter the treatment of the No. 1 killer in the industrialized world: heart disease. Kane spent much of his first two decades as a doctor doing research that helped link high cholesterol to heart attacks. He began collecting samples of DNA, believing that genes must play a role as well. Kane has scrutinized 10,000 genes – nearly half the human genome. So far, he has identified 20 variations that seem to mark the people who carry them for heart attacks.

Kane has reached some surprising conclusions: at least half of the genetic variations linked to heart attacks bear no obvious relation to cholesterol levels, blood pressure, or any of the other usual suspects in heart disease. Instead, they strongly suggest mechanisms such as inflammation, which can be caused by an infection or by a haywire immune system. That implies that there may be several forms of heart disease.

If Kane is right, doctors might be able to screen patients' DNA and predict not only whether they are likely to have a heart attack, but which type of heart disease to expect and which drug or procedure might work. Instead of prescribing a cholesterol-lowering pill, such as Lipitor, reflexively, they might choose an anti-inflammatory, for example. Other experts share Kane's conviction. "We're embarking onto the open sea," says Kane, "and we're discovering things that nobody knew about."

Direction:

Given below is a pasage followed by several possible inferences that can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You must examine each inference separately, in the context of the passage, and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity, and

Mark [1], if the inference is ‘definitely true’, i.e., properly follows from the statement of facts given.

Mark [2], if the inference is ‘probably true’, though not ‘definitely true’, in the light of the facts given.

Mark [3], if the ‘data is inadequate’, i.e., from the facts given you cannot draw any conclusion.

Mark [4], if the inference is ‘definitely false’, i.e., it contradicts the given facts.

...view full instructions

Inference: The day of one-pill-fits-all remedies will be ending soon.

A
1

B
2

C
3

D
4

Solution

As there may be several forms of heart disease, prescribing only a particular pill (as was prescribed before) for every heart ailment might not work. As Dr. Kane and his team are still ‘in the process’ of finding something new, the inference is only ‘probably true’, and not ‘definitely true’. Hence, [2].

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English Language Test - 7

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English Language Test - 7

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

represent days of hope

are full of calm courage

do not reflect hardships

are dark days of hardships

Solution

Question 2

In these dark and evil times, the political ideals of man need to consider the individual good of man in order to move out of this despair.

The current times are the doing of politicians and these politicians need to be replaced in order to make an effective change.

The political dealings of men are jumbled-up, and these need to be straightened out.

Man does not think about individual good enough and should rectify this thought process.

Solution

Question 3

It is possible for political ideals to transpose themselves from the level of collective society to that of an individual.

It is possible for political ideals to transpose themselves from the level of an individual to that of collective society.

Men, women and children are equally concerned about one another’s welfare.

Men, women and children are equally concerned about their own welfare.

Solution

Question 4

There is no written or anecdotal record that Leonardo da Vinci ever painted over major areas of his Mono Lisa.

Painters of da Vinci’s time commonly created images of mountainous scenery in the backgrounds of portraits like the Mono Lisa.

No one knows for certain what parts of the Mono Lisa may have been painted by da Vinci’s assistants rather than by da Vinci himself.

Analysis relying on X-rays only has the capacity to detect lead-based white pigments in layers of paint beneath a painting’s surface layers.

Solution

Question 5

Only a fraction of the community does a full day’s work.

Government is not regulating and monitoring these diseases.

Governments are not interested in checking the menace of these diseases.

On a daily basis, individuals have adopted a careless lifestyle that they should not.

Solution

Question 6

is his own responsibility

is the responsibility of the person as well as the government

can never be monitored by the government

is too subjective to be placed under the purview of governments

Solution

Question 7

A report stating how tuberculosis is still prevalent in rural areas.

A study highlighting the damages of air pollution.

A study co-relating increased vehicular traffic with increase in lung cancer.

A study pointing towards an increased consumption of alcohol.

Solution

Question 8

JFIJ

FJJI

IJFF

JJIF

Solution

Question 9

tragedy

accident

disaster

calamity

Solution

Question 10

1

2

3

4

Solution

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