MP Board Book for Class 11th Chemistry Unit 4- Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

MP Board Book for Class 11th Chemistry Unit 4- Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Chemical Bonding- Chemical Bonding is a physical process in which both atoms and molecules get together to form a more stable chemical compound.

 The Lewis dot structure provides a picture of bonding in the molecules and ions in terms of the shared pair of electrons, an octet rule.

 

Limitations of Octet Rule-

• Incomplete octet for the central atom- The number of electrons surrounding the central atom is less than the eight.
• Odd number of electrons- Molecules can have an odd number of electrons.
• The expanded octet- There can be more than eight molecules or more than eight atoms.
• It is based on the chemical compound of noble gases.
• Does not account for the shape of molecules.
• Does not explain the relative stability of the molecules being totally set.

 

Ionic bonds will be formed between elements with comparatively low ionisation elements.

Lattice Enthalpy- Energy required to completely separate one mole of a solid ionic compound into gaseous cons.

Bond Angle- It is defined as the angle between the orbitals containing the bonding electron pairs around the central atom in a complex ion.

Bond Enthalpy- It is defined as the amount of energy required to one mole of bonds of a particular type between two atoms in a gaseous form.

Bond Order- It is the order which is given by the number of bonds between the two atoms in a molecule.

Hydrogen Bond- Hydrogen bond is a bond which is formed when a hydrogen atom finds itself between two highly electronegative atoms.

VSEPR model- It is used for predicting the geometric shapes of molecules based on how electron pairs repel each other.

 

In this chapter we will learn about covalent bonding, enthalpy of lettuce formation, bond length, bond angle, bond enthalpy bond order, bond polarity, resonance, valence bond, molecular orbital theory, hydrogen bond. By looking through this we can get a short summary.