NEET Zoology Sample Paper with Solutions PDF Download

NAME OF THE UNIT

IMPORTANT TOPICS

Animal Kingdom

Basis of classification; Phylum: Porifera, Coelenterata, Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Hemichordata, Chordata; general introduction of Vertebrata and Agnatha; comparative study of cartilaginous and bony fishes; Study of amphibians, reptilia, aves, and mammalia. 

Structural Organization in Animals

Introduction to animal and epithelium tissue; simple, compound, and specialized epithelium, glandular epithelium and cell junctions; connective tissue; animal tissue: muscle types and skeleton muscle; cardiac muscle and smooth muscle; nervous tissue; Cockroach: intro and external morphology, head and mouth parts, structure of thorax, abdomen, digestive system, respiratory system, circulatory system, excretory system, nervous system, compound eye, male and female reproductive system. 

Biomolecules 

Elemental analysis; nucleic acid; nucleotides; the DNA; amino acids; proteins; carbohydrates; lipids; enzymes; enzyme classification and catalysis; factors affecting enzyme catalysis reaction.

Digestion and Absorption

Introduction to the digestive system; alimentary canal: oral cavity and amp, teeth; swallowing: histology of gut; peristalsis: glands in the alimentary canal; accessory digestive glands; movement of food in the gut; digestive secretions: saliva; gastric secretions; bile; pancreatic secretions; intestinal secretions. Absorption: general adaptations; Protein-Energy-Malnutrition.

Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Respiratory System: upper respiratory tract; trachea and amp; anatomy of the lung; pulmonary ventilation; pulmonary volumes and amp; capacities; exchange of gases; transport of gases; regulation of respiration; respiratory disorders. 

Body Fluids and Circulation

Blood: general description and RBS part; white blood cells, blood group (A, O, B); blood clotting.

Human heart: gross anatomy; double circulation; cardiac cycle; rhythmic excitation of the human heart; ECG and coronary artery disease; Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Ventricular Fibrillation; Lymph; regulation of cardiac activity.

Excretory Products and their Elimination

Nitrogenous excretory products; Osmoregulation; Human Kidney: functions, location, and cut section; Nephron; formulation of urine: ultrafiltration; concentration of urine; autoregulation of GFR; micturition reflex; CRF and hemodialysis. 

Locomotion and Movement

Introduction to locomotion; skeleton muscle: basic anatomy, myofilaments, sarcomere; excitation concentration coupling; sliding filament theory; energy of muscle contraction; muscle contraction: other considerations; human skeleton: introduction, functions, parts. Number of bones in the axial skeleton; number of bones in the appendicular skeleton; axial skeleton; vertebral column; sternum and ribs; synovial joint. 

Neutral Control and Coordination

Nervous system; origin motor functions; resting membrane potential; action potential; synapse; neuroanatomy; motor functions of the spinal cord; hind and mid-brain; Diencephalon; Cerebrum, EEG, and sleep; Meninges, Ventricles, and CSF; Autonomic nervous system; basic anatomy of the human eye; human eye: accommodation and adaptation; extraocular muscles and optic nerve; the outer and middle ear; inner ear: vestibular apparatus, cochlea; smell and taste.

Chemical Coordination and Integration 

Introduction to hormones and endocrine glands; hormones general consideration; pituitary and hypothalamus; Adenohypophysis and hypothalamus; human growth hormone; prolactin and posterior pituitary; thyroid gland part I and II; parathyroid; adrenal medulla; adrenal cortex: aldosterone, cortisol; pineal gland; thymus; miscellaneous hormones; gastrointestinal hormones; gonadotropin and gonadal hormones; pancreas; mechanism of hormone action. 

Human Reproduction

Introduction; male and female reproductive system; female external genitalia; spermatogenesis; oogenesis; menstrual cycle; lipids; fertilization; implantation; pregnancy; embryonic development; parturition; lactation.

Reproductive Health 

Introduction; sex determination in humans; basic anatomy of the testis; seminiferous tubules and spermatogenesis; spermiogenesis/ sperm structure/ hormonal regulation; male reproductive duct system; semen and male fertility; ovary; menstrual cycle: pre-ovulatory phase, luteal phase; embryonic development till gastrulation; fetal development and parturition.

Evolution 

Definition; types of evolution; cosmic evolution; origin of life: chemical evolution; Urey and Miller experiment; other theories of the origin of life; the concept of organic evolution: evidence; embryological evidence of evolution; paleontological evidence of evolution; theory of evolution: Lamarckism; germ plasm theory; Darwin’s theory: summary, additional theories, drawbacks; Hudo De Vries’s theory of evolution; modern theory of evolution; sources of variation; types of natural selection; the difference between drift; selection; population genetics; Hardy Weinberg Law, the concept of isolation; genetic basis of adaptation; introduction to human evolution; classification of primates; evolution prior to ape-man; evolution of homo sapiens. 

Human Health and Disease

Introduction; typhoid fever; pneumonia, common cold, and malaria introduction; treatment and life cycle; amoebiasis; ascariasis and filariasis; fungal affection and concept of immunity; details of immunity; active and passive immunity; allergies and autoimmunity; human immune system; AIDS; cancer; drugs and alcohol abuse. 

Biotechnology Principles and Processes

Introduction and history; tools: enzymes, vectors; selectable markers; host and desired DNA; process of biotech; large-scale production.

Biotechnology and its Applications

Introduction to agriculture applications; BT crops; interference INA tech; other GM crops; med applications and humulin; gene therapy; vaccines; molecular diagnosis; transgenic microbes and animals; animal cloning; ethical issues; Biowar.