Hindi English Translation || Editorial || A defeat foretold: On the Maoist insurgency

A defeat foretold: On the Maoist insurgency

Maoists must abandon armed struggle (सशस्त्र संघर्ष) and enter the democratic process

In yet another blow to the Maoists (माओवादी), 31 of their cadre (कार्यकर्ता, प्रशिक्षित दल), including senior members, were killed in a firefight (गोलीबारी) with security forces (बल, सैनिक) on Friday in Abujmadh, the unsurveyed and forested stretch (area, belt, tract) in south Chhattisgarh that is considered the last bastion (गढ़, किला) of the insurgents (विद्रोही). Scores of left-wing (वामपंथी, उदारवादी) extremist cadres have been killed in “encounters (मुठभेड़, टकराव)” in Chhattisgarh and other States in recent months, as coordinated actions by various paramilitary (अर्धसैनिक) forces and the police have intensified (तीव्र करना, बढ़ाना) following (as a result of; coming after) significant attacks by the Maoists in recent years. The security forces are cognisant (जागरूक) of the fact that (used to refer to a specific situation under consideration/discussion) while the Maoists have likely (संभावित) lost much of their clout (प्रभाव, दबदबा) and presence across jungles in central and eastern India, their remaining firepower ((military) capacity, ability, strength, muscle) poses (present, constitute, cause, produce, give rise to (a problem/danger)) a threat in places where they remain active. The intensified (increased, escalated, accelerated, heightened, augmented, strengthened) campaigns (an organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making progress within a specific group), supported fully by the Union Home Ministry, have dealt blow after blow to the insurgents, leading to numerous (several, various, many, countless, innumerable) surrenders. It should also be noted that the setbacks (problem, difficulty, blow, issue, impediment, hindrance, obstruction) to the Maoists would not have been possible if the people in tribal areas, where the insurgents have mounted (organize, arrange, set up, launch) a guerrilla struggle (guerrilla warfare; military and paramilitary operations conducted in enemy-held or hostile territory by irregular, predominantly indigenous forces), had adhered to the Maoist cause. After years of putting tribal people in India’s remotest areas in harm’s way, the Maoists are now facing fatigue (tiredness, exhaustion, overtiredness, weariness) from them, as well as (and also, and in addition) alienation (isolation, separation, detachment, estrangement).

There are several problems with Maoist theory and political practice that suggest (indicate, point to, signal, signify, denote) that the weakening (decline, degradation, disintegration, breakdown, worsening) of the insurgency (विद्रोह, बगावत) was always on the cards (likely, possible, expected, in the offing). Similar insurgencies in Peru, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Colombia also failed. For the Indian Maoists, an over-dependence (excessive level of dependence) on militarism (the belief or the desire of a government or a people that a state should maintain a strong military capability and to use it aggressively to expand national interests and/or values) to pursue (engage in, conduct, take part in (an activity)) political aims and the subordination (submission, dependence, compliance, conformity, obedience; surrender, yielding, capitulation; lowliness, servitude, subjection) of political-ideological work, resulting in a spiral (the process of increasing/decreasing (of something)) of violence, have turned away (refuse, reject, turn down, disdain, repel, repulse, rebuff) potential (possibility, potentiality, prospects, capability) supporters, mostly poor tribal people. The adherence (observance, conformity, compliance, allegiance, faithfulness, obedience) to an anachronistic (antiquated, archaic, antique, ancient; outdated, out of date, outmoded, old-fashioned) ideology of Maoism in a diverse (relating to the existence/presence of different people (from a variety of backgrounds and perspectives ranging from race to age to gender to hometown to educational experience) within group) country where the terrain (area, land, territory, environment) and political system bear (have, display, present, show) little resemblance (similarity, likeness, sameness, comparability, comparison, correlation) to 1920s China combined with an inability (lack of ability, incapability, incapacity) to recognise (realize, discern, acknowledge, accept, admit, be aware of) the resilience (the ability to bounce back quickly from difficulties; strength of character, strength, toughness) of electoral democratic institutions and the nature of the Indian state are other factors. These issues have led the Maoists to neglect (ignore, disregard, pay no attention to, overlook, reject) the opportunities available within Indian democracy (a system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through fairly & freely elected representatives), despite (in spite of, notwithstanding, regardless of) its flaws (defect, fault, imperfection/weakness). In an unsigned (having no signature) pamphlet (notice, booklet, leaflet, flyer) released in August to mark (indicate, represent, observe, recognize, remember; commemorate, celebrate) 20 years of the movement (campaign, crusade, drive, push) since the formation of the CPI (Maoist), following the merger of the two strongest remnants of the Naxalite movement, the Maoists lamented (regret, be sorry about) their weakening and setbacks but doubled down on their ideological intent (aim, goal, purpose, objective). This shows their unwillingness (reluctance, disinclination, hesitation) to learn from their own experiences. For the sake of the tribal people, whose interests (common concerns (in politics/business)) they claim to represent, the Maoists must abandon arms and enter the democratic process.

Courtesy: The Hindu

Important Word List With Meaning

1.Maoist (noun)

Hindi Meaning - माओवादी
English Meaning - a follower of Maoism (Maoism is a form of communism developed by Mao Tse Tung. It is a doctrine to capture State power through a combination of armed insurgency, mass mobilization and strategic alliances). The largest and the most violent Maoist formation in India is the Communist Party of India (Maoist).

2.insurgency (noun)

Hindi Meaning - विद्रोह, बगावत
English Meaning - uprising, revolt, rebellion.

3.armed struggle (noun)

Hindi Meaning - सशस्त्र संघर्ष
English Meaning - conflict/fight involving weapons.

4.cadre (noun)

Hindi Meaning - कार्यकर्ता, प्रशिक्षित दल
English Meaning - a member of an activist group; a small group of people who are specially chosen and trained for a particular purpose

5.firefight (noun)

Hindi Meaning - गोलीबारी
English Meaning - a fight in which people (opposing (military)units) shooting at each other.

6.forces (noun)

Hindi Meaning - बल, सैनिक
English Meaning - troops; armed forces, soldiers.

7.bastion (noun)

Hindi Meaning - गढ़, किला
English Meaning - stronghold, bulwark; fortress, fort; support, protection, mainstay.

8.insurgent (noun)

Hindi Meaning - विद्रोही
English Meaning - rebel, rioter, subversive, guerrilla.

9.left wing (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - वामपंथी, उदारवादी
English Meaning - liberal, socialist; radical, reforming, revolutionary.

10.encounter (noun)

Hindi Meaning - मुठभेड़, टकराव
English Meaning - fight, clash, conflict, confrontation, engagement, skirmish, run-in.

11.paramilitary (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - अर्धसैनिक
English Meaning - (of semi-militarized force) organized like a military force.

12.intensify (verb)

Hindi Meaning - तीव्र करना, बढ़ाना
English Meaning - increase, escalate, accelerate, heighten, make more serious.

13.cognisant (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - जागरूक
English Meaning - aware, well informed about, familiar with.

14.likely (adverb)

Hindi Meaning - संभावित
English Meaning - probably, presumably, doubtlessly.

15.clout (noun)

Hindi Meaning - प्रभाव, दबदबा
English Meaning - authority, influence, sway, weight, voice.

16.armed (adjective)

English Meaning - using firearms/weapons.

17.blow (noun)

English Meaning - setback, misfortune, disappointment, upset, shock, surprise.

18.forested (adjective)

English Meaning - covered with many trees; afforested, tree-covered.

19.stretch (noun)

English Meaning - area, belt, tract.

20.scores of (adjective)

English Meaning - a lot of something; several, various, many, countless, numerous, innumerable.

21.extremist (adjective)

English Meaning - radical, fanatic, militant, fundamentalist, sectarian, partisan.

22.following (preposition)

English Meaning - as a result of; coming after.

23.the fact that (phrase)

English Meaning - used to refer to a specific situation under consideration/discussion.

24.firepower (noun)

English Meaning - (military) capacity, ability, strength, muscle.

25.pose (verb)

English Meaning - present, constitute, cause, produce, give rise to (a problem/danger).

26.intensified (adjective)

English Meaning - increased, escalated, accelerated, heightened, augmented, strengthened.

27.campaign (noun)

English Meaning - an organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making progress within a specific group.

28.deal a blow to (phrase)

English Meaning - to harm/upset someone or something.

29.lead to (verb)

English Meaning - cause, result in, bring about, give rise to.

30.numerous (adjective)

English Meaning - several, various, many, countless, innumerable.

31.setback (noun)

English Meaning - problem, difficulty, blow, issue, impediment, hindrance, obstruction.

32.mount (verb)

English Meaning - organize, arrange, set up, launch.

33.guerrilla struggle (noun)

English Meaning - guerrilla warfare; military and paramilitary operations conducted in enemy-held or hostile territory by irregular, predominantly indigenous forces.

34.adhere to (verb)

English Meaning - comply with, abide by, conform to, stand by, stick to, follow, obey, observe.

35.cause (noun)

English Meaning - principle, conviction, aim, objective, purpose, interest.

36.in harm’s way (phrase)

English Meaning - in a dangerous situation.

37.fatigue (noun)

English Meaning - tiredness, exhaustion, overtiredness, weariness.

38.as well as (phrase)

English Meaning - and also, and in addition.

39.alienation (noun)

English Meaning - isolation, separation, detachment, estrangement.

40.suggest (verb)

English Meaning - indicate, point to, signal, signify, denote.

41.weakening (noun)

English Meaning - decline, degradation, disintegration, breakdown, worsening.

42.on the cards (phrase)

English Meaning - likely, possible, expected, in the offing.

43.over-dependence (noun)

English Meaning - excessive level of dependence.

44.militarism (noun)

English Meaning - the belief or the desire of a government or a people that a state should maintain a strong military capability and to use it aggressively to expand national interests and/or values.

45.pursue (verb)

English Meaning - engage in, conduct, take part in (an activity).

46.subordination (noun)

English Meaning - submission, dependence, compliance, conformity, obedience; surrender, yielding, capitulation; lowliness, servitude, subjection.

47.ideological (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to a system of ideas (ideology).

48.spiral (noun)

English Meaning - the process of increasing/decreasing (of something).

49.turn away (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - refuse, reject, turn down, disdain, repel, repulse, rebuff.

50.potential (noun)

English Meaning - possibility, potentiality, prospects, capability.

51.adherence (noun)

English Meaning - observance, conformity, compliance, allegiance, faithfulness, obedience.

52.anachronistic (adjective)

English Meaning - antiquated, archaic, antique, ancient; outdated, out of date, outmoded, old-fashioned.

53.diverse (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to the existence/presence of different people (from a variety of backgrounds and perspectives ranging from race to age to gender to hometown to educational experience) within group.

54.terrain (noun)

English Meaning - area, land, territory, environment.

55.bear (verb)

English Meaning - have, display, present, show.

56.resemblance (noun)

English Meaning - similarity, likeness, sameness, comparability, comparison, correlation.

57.inability (noun)

English Meaning - lack of ability, incapability, incapacity.

58.recognise (verb)

English Meaning - realize, discern, acknowledge, accept, admit, be aware of.

59.resilience (noun)

English Meaning - the ability to bounce back quickly from difficulties; strength of character, strength, toughness.

60.neglect (verb)

English Meaning - ignore, disregard, pay no attention to, overlook, reject.

61.democracy (noun)

English Meaning - a system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through fairly & freely elected representatives.

62.despite (preposition)

English Meaning - in spite of, notwithstanding, regardless of.

63.flaw (noun)

English Meaning - defect, fault, imperfection/weakness.

64.unsigned (adjective)

English Meaning - having no signature.

65.pamphlet (noun)

English Meaning - notice, booklet, leaflet, flyer.

66.mark (verb)

English Meaning - indicate, represent, observe, recognize, remember; commemorate, celebrate.

67.movement (noun)

English Meaning - campaign, crusade, drive, push.

68.remnants (plural noun)

English Meaning - remains, ruins, fragments, relics, wreckage, rubble, debris.

69.Naxal/Naxalite (noun)

English Meaning - Deriving its name from the Naxalbari village of West Bengal, Naxals or Naxalites are members of the Communist Party of India-Maoists (CPI-Maoist), classified under the banned LWE (Left Wing Extremism) groups.

70.lament (verb)

English Meaning - regret, be sorry about.

71.double down (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - to be more firm & resolute on something (decided) even if that might be a risky choice; to double or increase a risk involved in doing something.

72.intent (noun)

English Meaning - aim, goal, purpose, objective.

73.unwillingness (noun)

English Meaning - reluctance, disinclination, hesitation.

74.for someone’s sake (phrase)

English Meaning - benefit, advantage, good/gain, interest.

75.interest (noun)

English Meaning - common concerns (in politics/business).