Hindi English Translation || Editorial || Unending ordeal: On the continued civilian killings in Jammu and Kashmir

Unending ordeal: On the continued civilian killings in Jammu and Kashmir

Restoring democratic processes is the only way to reverse (उलटना, बदलना) religious polarisation (ध्रुवीकरण)

The death of Kashmiri Pandit and bank guard Sanjay Sharma at the hands of terrorist gunmen in Pulwama is yet another murder in a series of attacks on the minority community in the Valley. Sharma is the second Pandit to fall to terrorism in the Pulwama area after Janki Nath’s death in 1990 at the peak of militancy (आक्रामकता, कट्टरपंथी). While the murder could be a deliberate (जान-बूझकर किया हुआ) ploy by terrorists to strike fear into the minority community in the area, it also signals (संकेत करना, इंगित करना) the failure of security agencies to adequately protect the poor residents. The modus operandi (कार्य प्रणाली) of the radical (revolutionary, progressive, forward-looking, reforming, liberal) elements who are targeting civilians (असैनिक नागरिक) has always been clear — the attacks are meant to invite (आमंत्रित करना) state retaliation (प्रतिशोध, जवाबी हमला) and repression (दमन, दबाव), in turn (बदले में, परिणामस्वरूप) fomenting discontent (असंतोष, बेचैनी) and disaffection (dissatisfaction, discontent, frustration) to garner (संचित करना, इकट्ठा करना) more recruits (new member, new entrant) to the cause (कारण, वजह). On Tuesday, after follow-up operations that resulted in (cause, bring on, bring about) the death of an Army jawan and two militants (fanatic, extremist, radical, sectarian/partisan), security forces have asserted (claim, allege, state, argue) that Sharma’s attacker has now been slain. But this does little to mitigate the fear that has gripped (affect, afflict, torment, beset) Pandits in the Valley and Pulwama in particular (particularly, specifically, especially). Last year, militant attacks resulted in the deaths of 29 civilians including three local Pandits, three other Hindus and eight non-local labourers and also caused the migration (the movement of people within the borders of the same country or across international borders in order to find work or better living conditions) of 5,500 Pandit employees from the Valley.

All political parties including the separatists such as Hurriyat Conference, besides (in addition, furthermore, moreover, further) civil society (civil society refers to space for collective action around shared interests, purposes, and values, generally distinct from government and commercial for-profit actors. It refers to a wide array of organizations: community groups, non-governmental organizations [NGOs], labour unions, indigenous groups, charitable organizations, faith-based organizations, professional associations, and foundations. Civil society - sometimes called the “third sector” (after government and commerce) - has the power to influence the actions of elected policy-makers and businesses) organisations have condemned (censure, criticize, castigate, denounce, reprimand, rebuke, reprove) the attacks, but the repeated and brazen (blatant/flagrant; bold and shameless; unashamed, unembarrassed) nature of the killings, at one level, point to a breakdown (failure, collapse) of relations between the administration (government, regime) and the citizenry (all the people/citizens (of a place/country considered as a whole)), leading to the inability of the administration to anticipate (predict, envisage, expect, forecast) and prevent such attacks. The fact that (used to refer to a specific situation under consideration/discussion) areas that were relatively (comparatively, to a certain extent, somewhat) safe for the minority community even during the peak of militancy have now become unsafe suggests that the administration must rethink its security-centric (having (security) as a central/main thing) policies in the Valley. The Union Territory administration and the Union government have claimed (state, profess, affirm, assert) that hard-edged (tough-minded, unsentimental, soulless, hard-headed, utilitarian) moves (step, action, act, measure) such as the dilution of Article 370 and bifurcating (split, divide, separate) the State in 2019 have helped curb (control, contain, reduce, lessen) militancy and were necessary to bring back (cause someone/something to return to; reintroduce) normalcy (a normal condition; normality, regularity) in the Valley. But the repeated attacks on the minority community suggest otherwise — radical sections have sought to utilise the disaffection in the Valley to foment polarisation. Only an effective government by elected representatives (Elected representatives are elected by the people in a country, city, or other geographical unit to represent them in a legislature or government) of the people of the Valley can do more to rebuild trust between the administration and the citizenry. This will help isolate the radical sections and ease the workload of the security forces in Kashmir. Restoring statehood (the condition of being an independent state) to Jammu and Kashmir and working towards the conduct (organization, arrangement, planning) of Assembly elections are now a clear imperative (necessary condition, precondition, essential requirement).

Courtesy: The Hindu

Important Word List With Meaning

1.ordeal (noun)

Hindi Meaning - परख
English Meaning - unpleasant experience, misery, trouble, nightmare.

2.civilian (noun)

Hindi Meaning - असैनिक नागरिक
English Meaning - non-military person, ordinary citizen.

3.reverse (verb)

Hindi Meaning - उलटना, बदलना
English Meaning - change, alter.

4.polarisation (noun)

Hindi Meaning - ध्रुवीकरण
English Meaning - separation of two contrasting groups (based on different opinions/beliefs).

5.militancy (noun)

Hindi Meaning - आक्रामकता, कट्टरपंथी
English Meaning - extremist, radical, sectarian group.

6.deliberate (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - जान-बूझकर किया हुआ
English Meaning - intentional, calculated, conscious, done on purpose, knowing, wanton, purposeful, premeditated, pre-planned, prearranged, preconceived, predetermined.

7.signal (verb)

Hindi Meaning - संकेत करना, इंगित करना
English Meaning - indicate, suggest, point to, signify.

8.modus operandi (noun)

Hindi Meaning - कार्य प्रणाली
English Meaning - it is a Latin term literally meaning ‘way of operating’; a particular way/method of doing something; the usual/habitual way of working of a person.

9.invite (verb)

Hindi Meaning - आमंत्रित करना
English Meaning - cause, lead to, call forth, bring on, make happen.

10.retaliation (noun)

Hindi Meaning - प्रतिशोध, जवाबी हमला
English Meaning - counterattack; vengeance, revenge/retribution.

11.repression (noun)

Hindi Meaning - दमन, दबाव
English Meaning - suppression, oppression, quelling, restraining/stifling.

12.in turn (phrase)

Hindi Meaning - बदले में, परिणामस्वरूप
English Meaning - in succession, successively, sequentially.

13.discontent (noun)

Hindi Meaning - असंतोष, बेचैनी
English Meaning - disappointment, dissatisfaction, disgruntlement, resentment, grievances, unhappiness, displeasure.

14.garner (verb)

Hindi Meaning - संचित करना, इकट्ठा करना
English Meaning - gather, collect, accumulate.

15.cause (noun)

Hindi Meaning - कारण, वजह
English Meaning - purpo, se, undertaking, movement

16.unending (adjective)

English Meaning - never-ending, continuous, non-stop, unceasing, protracted, unrelenting.

17.continued (adjective)

English Meaning - ongoing.

18.at the hands of (phrase)

English Meaning - caused by, done by.

19.Valley (noun)

English Meaning - a low area between hills or mountains typically with a river running through it. Valley is a metonym of Jammu & Kashmir in this context (Metonym is used as an alternative for something else with which it is closely related/associated).

20.ploy (noun)

English Meaning - (cunning) plan, scheme, tactic/trick.

21.strike (verb)

English Meaning - cause (someone) to be in a particular condition.

22.radical (adjective)

English Meaning - revolutionary, progressive, forward-looking, reforming, liberal.

23.(the) state (noun)

English Meaning - the government, the regime, the establishment.

24.foment (verb)

English Meaning - incite, provoke, agitate, instigate, cause.

25.disaffection (noun)

English Meaning - dissatisfaction, discontent, frustration.

26.recruit (noun)

English Meaning - new member, new entrant.

27.result in (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - cause, bring on, bring about.

28.militant (noun)

English Meaning - fanatic, extremist, radical, sectarian/partisan.

29.forces (noun)

English Meaning - troops; armed forces, soldiers.

30.assert (verb)

English Meaning - claim, allege, state, argue.

31.slain (past participle of slay) (verb)

English Meaning - kill, murder, put/do to death.

32.mitigate (verb)

English Meaning - reduce, diminish, lessen.

33.grip (verb)

English Meaning - affect, afflict, torment, beset.

34.in particular (phrase)

English Meaning - particularly, specifically, especially.

35.migration (noun)

English Meaning - the movement of people within the borders of the same country or across international borders in order to find work or better living conditions.

36.separatist (noun)

English Meaning - secessionist, dissident, protester, sectarian, nonconformist, extremist, radical, revolutionary.

37.All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC) (noun)

English Meaning - The All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC), widely known as the Hurriyat, came into being in July 1993. It was formed as a political platform of the separatist movement.

38.besides (adverb)

English Meaning - in addition, furthermore, moreover, further.

39.civil society (noun)

English Meaning - civil society refers to space for collective action around shared interests, purposes, and values, generally distinct from government and commercial for-profit actors. It refers to a wide array of organizations: community groups, non-governmental organizations [NGOs], labour unions, indigenous groups, charitable organizations, faith-based organizations, professional associations, and foundations. Civil society - sometimes called the “third sector” (after government and commerce) - has the power to influence the actions of elected policy-makers and businesses.

40.condemn (verb)

English Meaning - censure, criticize, castigate, denounce, reprimand, rebuke, reprove.

41.brazen (adjective)

English Meaning - blatant/flagrant; bold and shameless; unashamed, unembarrassed.

42.point to (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - indicate, suggest, signal, signify, denote, reveal.

43.breakdown (noun)

English Meaning - failure, collapse.

44.administration (noun)

English Meaning - government, regime.

45.citizenry (noun)

English Meaning - all the people/citizens (of a place/country considered as a whole).

46.lead to (verb)

English Meaning - result in, cause, bring on.

47.anticipate (verb)

English Meaning - predict, envisage, expect, forecast.

48.the fact that (phrase)

English Meaning - used to refer to a specific situation under consideration/discussion.

49.relatively (adverb)

English Meaning - comparatively, to a certain extent, somewhat.

50.security-centric (adjective)

English Meaning - having (security) as a central/main thing.

51.claim (verb)

English Meaning - state, profess, affirm, assert.

52.hard-edged (adjective)

English Meaning - tough-minded, unsentimental, soulless, hard-headed, utilitarian.

53.move (noun)

English Meaning - step, action, act, measure.

54.dilution (noun)

English Meaning - reduction in value/power/force of something.

55.Article 370 of the Constitution of India (noun)

English Meaning - It had “temporary provisions with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir” which gave special powers to the state. The article allowed the state a certain amount of autonomy - its own constitution, a separate flag and freedom to make laws. Foreign affairs, defence and communications remained the preserve (domain) of the central government. It also allowed Jammu and Kashmir to make its own rules relating to permanent residency, ownership of property and fundamental rights. It did also bar Indians from outside the state from purchasing property or settling there.

56.bifurcate (verb)

English Meaning - split, divide, separate.

57.curb (verb)

English Meaning - control, contain, reduce, lessen.

58.bring back (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - cause someone/something to return to; reintroduce.

59.normalcy (noun)

English Meaning - a normal condition; normality, regularity.

60.sought past tense of seek (verb)

English Meaning - try, aim, attempt.

61.elected representatives (noun)

English Meaning - Elected representatives are elected by the people in a country, city, or other geographical unit to represent them in a legislature or government.

62.statehood (noun)

English Meaning - the condition of being an independent state.

63.conduct (noun)

English Meaning - organization, arrangement, planning.

64.imperative (noun)

English Meaning - necessary condition, precondition, essential requirement.