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Our Environment Test - 14

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Our Environment Test - 14
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which is not a natural ecosystem?
    Solution
    Natural ecosystems are those which are not man-made, self-sustaining, and result from a spontaneous natural reaction, while artificial ecosystems require the assistance of humans. Aquarium is not a natural ecosystem as it is a man-made ecosystem.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    UNEP stands for
    Solution

    UNEP stands for United Nations Environment Programme is an agency of United Nations and coordinates its environmental activities, assisting developing countries in implementing environmentally sound policies and practices. 

    So, the correct answer is 'United Nations Environment Programme'.

  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    _____________ feed on dead and decaying matter.
    Solution
    Autotrophs are organisms that can synthesize their own food. some. They are called producers.
    Herbivores are those organisms that feed on producers. They are called primary consumers. 
    Carnivores are those organisms that feed on herbivores. They are called secondary consumers. 
    Decomposers are organisms that feed on dead and decaying matter. They break down the organic matter and release essential nutrients back into the environment.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    In a food chain, the herbivores are represented by 
    Solution
    A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another. 
    (i)  At the base of the food chain lie the primary producers. The primary producers are autotrophs and are most often photosynthetic organisms such as plants, algae, or cyanobacteria.
    (ii) Primary consumers are the organisms that eat the primary producers. They are usually herbivores, plant-eaters, though they may be algae eaters or bacteria eaters.
    (iii) Secondary consumers are the organisms that eat the primary consumers. They are generally meat-eaters called carnivores.
    (iv) Tertiary consumers are the organisms that eat the secondary consumers. These are carnivore-eating carnivores, like eagles or big fish.
    So, the correct answer is B.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Trophic levels in a food chain are formed by:
    Solution
    The food chain is the sequence of organisms in which each organism eats the lower member and itself is eaten by a higher member. The food chain starts with the producer or plants that convert solar energy into the usable form of energy (food) by the process of photosynthesis which is then eaten by consumers. Trophic levels in a food chain are formed by producers, consumers, and decomposers. In the given food chain, plants are producers. The animals eating plants are called primary consumers and animals eating primary consumers are called secondary consumers. Decomposers are those which decompose waste matter.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Each step or level of the food chain forms a ________.
    Solution
    • The trophic level of an organism is the position it occupies in a food chain. A food chain mostly has three or four trophic levels.
    • Primary producers are plants that are autotrophs and belong to the first trophic level.
    • Primary consumers are animals that belong to the second trophic level and feed on plants.
    • Secondary consumers feed on primary consumers and belong to the third trophic level.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Formation of ozone hole is maximum over:
    Solution
    • The thickness of ozone over the poles changes with the seasons, being the lowest in polar spring and maximum in polar autumn. 
    • The ozone hole is formed each year when there is a sharp decline (currently up to 60%) in the total ozone over most of Antarctica for a period of about three months (September-November) during spring in the Southern Hemisphere. 
    • This depletion of ozone is due to the action of sunlight over pollutants, which release chemicals like chlorine, that destroy ozone.
    • Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Select the correct statement concerning food chains.
    Solution
    The energy requirement for maintenance of the body rises with successively higher trophic levels. It is 20% of gross productivity in producers, 30% of assimilated energy in herbivores and up to 60% of assimilated energy in carnivores. According to the 10% law, 90% of energy is lost, as it moves from one trophic level to the next, the residual 10% energy decreases drastically within the next 2-3 trophic levels. As a result, an ecosystem can support only a limited number of trophic levels, usually 3 to 5.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The loss of energy as one proceeds from one trophic level to the next higher level is approximately :
    Solution
    According to 10% law, during the transfer of energy from one trophic level to the next higher level, about 10% of the energy from organic matter is saved and the remaining is lost as heat or broken down in respiration. Therefore, it can also be said that 90-95% energy is lost while transfer from one level to the higher level.
    So, the correct answer is option D - '90- 95%'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    A plant is eaten by a herbivorous animal which, in turn, is eaten by a carnivorous animal. This chain is called:
    Solution
    The food chain is a series of organisms in which one organism is dependent on the other for food. In a typical food chain, green plants are the producers; they are eaten by herbivores, which are in turn eaten by carnivores. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
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