Control and Coordination Test 27

• Auxins are plant hormones that promote apical dominance. It also promotes root and shoots elongation.
• Cytokinins are involved primarily in cell growth and differentiation also affects axillary bud growth and leaf senescence. 
• Gibberellins promote shoot elongation. It also causes bolting, which is the increase of shoot length. 
• Abscisic acid is a phytohormone that enables seeds to withstand desiccation. Abscisic acid also promotes dormancy. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Hydrotropism is a plant's growth response in which the direction of growth is determined by a stimulus or gradient in water concentration. 

The hypothalamus regulates various activities in the body connected with metabolism, including the maintaining of water balance. 

The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination, and speech, resulting in smooth, balanced muscular activity. 

Autonomic functions of the medulla oblongata include control of respiration, cardiac control center, and certain reflex actions such as coughing, sneezing, swallowing and vomiting. 

The cerebrum is the site of intellectual activities. It holds the memories, allows to plan, enables to imagine and think. 

Hence, the correct answer is option A.

Indole-3-acetic acid is an integral part of human urine and serum and urine is responsible for the auxin effect. Giberella fujikori is the fungus from which gibberellin hormone was first isolated. It was found as a result of the studies related to bakane disease, which is also known as foolish seedling disease. Herring sperm DNA has cell division promoting activity. It is thus related to the kinetin enzyme, which is responsible for the multiplication of cells. Spraying of ethylene causes the ripening of fruits. It is a phytohormone which is present in gaseous form. Abscisic acid is related to stomatal closure in water stress conditions. It also induces dormancy in plants during seed germination.

The fissure of sylvius is the large deep groove or indentation, that separates the parietal and temporal lobes. The central sulcus is a fold in the cerebral cortex in the brains of vertebrates. Also called the central fissure, it was originally, called the fissure of Rolando, that separates the parietal and frontal lobes. The stem-like part of the base of the brain that is connected to the spinal cord. The brain stem controls the flow of messages between the brain and the rest of the body. A band of nerve fibers on the ventral surface of the brainstem, that links the medulla oblongata and the cerebellum is pons varolli. The cerebellum is located at the base of the brain, just above the brain stem, where the spinal cord meets the brain and is made of two hemispheres.

Wernicke's disease is caused by lack of vitamin B$$_{1}$$ and causes loss of memory, confabulation, hallucinations.
Delirium tremens occurs when one stops drinking alcohol after a period of heavy drinking. It causes body tremors, changes in mental function, agitation, irritability, confusion, disorientation, delirium, hallucinations, increased activity, quick mood changes, restlessness, excitement.
Jolliffe's encephalopathy is caused due to complete deficiency of nicotine and its amide, which causes loss of memory.
Kosakoff's syndrome is a neurological disorder caused by lack of vitamin B$$_{1}$$ thereby causing amnesia, lack of insight, contabulations.
So, the correct answer is option B.

A Nissl body is a large granular body found in neurons. These granules are rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) with rosettes of free ribosomes and are the site of protein synthesis. These are present in cyton of the nerve cell.

Medulla oblongata: This section of the brain helps transfer messages to the spinal cord and the thalamus in the brain from the body and controls breathing, heart function, blood vessel function, digestion, sneezing, and swallowing. Sensory and motor neurons from the forebrain and midbrain travel through the medulla.The hypothalamus is a section of the brain responsible for hormone production. The hormones produced by this area of the brain govern body temperature, thirst, hunger, sleep, circadian rhythm, moods, sex drive, and the release of other hormones in the body.
The cerebrum or cortex is the largest part of the human brain, associated with higher brain function such as thought and action. The cerebral cortex is divided into four sections, called "lobes": the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe.
The diencephalon is the region of the embryonic vertebrate neural tube that gives rise to posterior forebrain structures including the thalamus, hypothalamus, posterior portion of the pituitary gland, and pineal gland.
Chemo-tropism is the growth of organisms (or parts of an organism, including individual cells) such as bacteria and plants, navigated by chemical stimulus from outside of the organism or organisms part. The response of the organism or organism part is termed positive if the growth is towards the stimulus or negative if the growth is away from the stimulus.
An example of chemo-tropic movement can be seen during the growth of the pollen tube, where growth is always towards the ovules. It can be also written that conversion of flower into fruit is the example of chemo-tropism.

Maleic hydrazide is an inhibitor which is commonly used to inhibit the growth of buds. The inhibitor is used to prevent the germination of the adventitious buds and roots in the potatoes and the onions. This molecule is used to prevent sprouting of the buds during the storage of the food.