Minerals and Energy Resources Test - 21

• The famous Digboi, Naharkatiya petroleum deposits are in the state of Assam.
  
• First oil refinery in India was set up in Digboi a town in Tinsukia district of assam state. Digboi is also known as oil city. Oil refinery here was started in and around 1901
  
• Naharkatiya is a town in Dibrugarh district in Assam. It is well-known for petroleum and gas reserves.
  

Ore is something which is naturally occuring in the earth's crust. It is obtained in the raw form. It has to be refined to make it useable. Iron ore is naturally occurring in the earth's crust. Steel is an alloy. It is manufactured by mixing iron and carbon. 

Raniganj power plant is located in the Bardhhaman district of west Bengal. Discovery of coal led to industrialisation in this area. It is a pithead coal based thermal power plant.

• Raniganj power plant is located in the Barddhaman district of west Bengal. Discovery of coal led to industrialisation in this area. It is a pithead coal based thermal power plant.
  
• Coal mining in India first started in the Raniganj Coalfield. In 1774, John Sumner and Suetonius Grant Heatly of the British East India Company found coal.
  

• An inexhaustible resource is one that is replaceable, while an exhaustible resource is not replaceable.
  
• Minerals are natural resources and they cannot be replaced by man.
  
• Therefore, the constant use of minerals at this rate will lead to their exhaustion. Thus, they are considered as exhaustible natural resources.
  

The ocean waters contain vast quantities of minerals, but most of these are too widely diffused to be of economic significance. However, common salt, magnesium and bromine are largely derived from ocean waters. The ocean beds, too, are rich in manganese nodules.

The important export from Visakhapatnam port is iron. Bhilai steel plant which is located in the state of Chhattisgarh and Rourkela steel plant in Odisha, fall under the proximity of Visakhapatnam and hence this port serves the need of transport of steel of these two plants apart from Vizag steel plants requirement of transport. 

• Galena, also called lead glance, is the natural mineral form of lead(II) sulfide.
  
•  It is the most important ore of lead and an important source of silver. 
  
• Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals.
  
•  Most of the lead minerals, such as Cerussite and Anglesite are secondary minerals formed from Galena.
  

India is having very rich iron ore deposits. It is the fourth largest producer of iron ore in the world and the top three countries are China, Australia, and Brazil.