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The Living World Test - 32

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The Living World Test - 32
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    "Methodus plantarum nova" is a famous publication of which one of the following taxonomists?
    Solution
    "Methodus Plantarum Nova" is a famous publication of the taxonomists John Ray in the year 1682. He has contributed several important concepts to the field of plant taxonomy: first, the division of plants into groups based on seed leaves (Monocotyledonae and Dicotyledonae); second, the differentiation between flowering and flowerless plants; third, the use of the term "petal" to designate the "leaf" of the flower; fourth, the use of stamens and pistils in plant classification, anticipating the emphasis of Linnaeus. Ray worked towards a natural classification of plants that was based on more than one "data set": classification should not use a single character but ideally should make use of as much information as was available for many parts of the plant as possible. So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    "Law of Priority" is applicable after the year
    Solution
    The rule of priority means that the earliest applicable, properly published name is the correct one, and that any others must become synonyms. The formal starting date for purposes of priority is 1st May 1753, the publication of Species Plantarum by Linnaeus. However, to avoid undesirable effects of strict enforcement of priority, conservation of family, genus and species name is possible.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The serial management of taxa is known as
    Solution
    A stringent order is followed, while arranging different taxa. This is termed as hierarchy. The taxonomic hierarchy widely used in systematics is- domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The father of botany is
    Solution
    • Theophrastus a Greek philosopher, considered as The Father of botany. He is famous for his book, "Historia Plantarum".
    • Linnaeus was a Swedish botanist who is famously known as The Father of Taxonomy. He is known for his books "Systema Naturae", "Species Plantarum". 
    • Brunfels was a German theologian and Linnaeus considered him as Father of botany in his listings (unofficially).
    • Oswald Tippo was an American botanist proposed the biggest Phylogenetic classification of the plant kingdom. He divided the entire plant kingdom into two major groups,  Thallophyta and Embryophyta. 
    So the correct option is Theophrastus.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Systematics include
    Solution
    Systematics is the study of the identification, taxonomy and nomenclature of organisms including the classification of living things with regard to their natural relationships and the study of variation and the evolution of taxa.
    Major goal of biological classification systems is to reflect evolutionary relationships among organisms. Knowing phylogenetic relationships is essential for interpreting the evolution of traits of organisms.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which is the odd one in the following series?
    Solution
    Sapiens as in Homo sapiens, americana as in Ficus americana, rotundus as in Desmodus rotundus relates to the names of species.
    While Hemidactylus is the genus of common lizard comprising almost 90 different species.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Who was the first taxonomist to classify the names for plants and animals?
    Solution
    Carolus Linnaeus is regarded as the father of taxonomy and father of systematic botany. Before him, Bauhin classified the different organism in the whole biological world. But Linnaeus introduced a system of nomenclature of plants and animals which are commonly known as binomial nomenclature which includes the genus and the species of the organism as the scientific name.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.  
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    A collection of species, which bear a close resemblance to one another in the morphological characters of the floral parts is known as a
    Solution
    The taxonomic groups into which a family is divided and which contains one or more species is called a genus.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    A taxon derived from a single ancestral population is a
    Solution
    A monophyletic taxon is one that includes a group of organisms descended from a single ancestor. It is a group composed of a collection of organisms, including the most recent common ancestor of all those organisms and all the descendants of that most recent common ancestor. A monophyletic taxon is also known as the clade. The common examples are Mammalia, Aves (birds), angiosperms, insects, etc.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    At what level do the blue whale and the cat diverge? 

    Classification of representative mammals. 

    KingdomAnimaliaAnimalia
    PhylumChordataChordata
    ClassMammaliaMammalia
    OrderCetaceaCarnivora
    FamilyMysticetiFelidae
    GenusBalenopora Felis
    SpeciesB. physaiusF. catus
    Common nameBlue WhaleCat

    Solution
    Scientific classification of blue whale - kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Chordata; class: Mammalia; order: Cetacea; (Unranked) Mysticeti; family: Balaenopteridae; genus:Balaenoptera. Scientific classification of cat kingdom: Animalia; Phylum: Chordata; Class: Mammalia; Order: Carnivora; Family: Felidae; Subfamily: Felinae; Genus: Felis. Hence, both differ from the order level. 
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