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The Living World Test - 37

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The Living World Test - 37
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Plant nomenclature means:
    Solution

    • When any new species of plant or animal are discovered they are given scientific names using the binomial system.
    • The binomial system of nomenclature is the formal system by which all living species are classified (taxonomy).
    • It allows all organisms to be named according to a globally recognised scheme.

    So, the correct answer is option B.

  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    The year of publication of "Species Plantarum" is
    Solution
    Linnaeus is considered as 'father of taxonomy' and was first to use the binomial nomenclature for organisms. He proposed natural system of classification for living organism and divide then into plant and animal kingdom. He described all plant species known to him in his book “Species Plantarum, published in the year 1753” in which he gave a generic name to each species. 
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    A division is formed by combining several
    Solution
    Taxon (plural: taxa) represents taxonomic group of any rank. Each plant belongs to a hierarchy of taxa which are assigned taxonomic ranks. The seven essential ranks of taxa in descending order are kingdom, division/phylum, class, order, family, tribe, genus and species. Order represents group of families that share a set of common characters; option B is incorrect. A group of related order constitutes a class; option A is incorrect. A group of classes that share some common characters constitute a division/phylum; option C is correct. A group of related tribes/ sub families constitutes a family; option D is incorrect. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The binomial system of nomenclature was initially proposed by
    Solution
    Casper Bauhin (1623) introduced the binomial nomenclature according to which each species is assigned two names, the first generic names and second species epithet. Since the generic name is mostly a proper noun, it is written with the first letter capitalised while the species epithet is objective and is written in small letters only. 
    Albert Magnus was first to notice the difference between monocots and dicots and between stem structure. 
    Andrea Caesalpino was a herbalist and gave more importance to organs of fructification in plant classification rather than the plant habits. 
    Pedanius Dioscorides was a botanist, he wrote the book De Materia Medica which is a 5-volume encyclopaedia about herbal medicine and related medicinal substances. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Herbarium is ________.
    Solution
    An herbarium is a repository of preserved and labeled plant specimens that serve easy access and archival storage. It has specimens in form of herbarium sheets. The collected specimens are pressed and dried and then pasted on a sheet of heavy paper together with a data label. The useful information including the plant's Latin name, the origin of the collection, the date of collection, and the name of the collector is mentioned on the label. Herbarium sheets are all of the standard size, i.e., 42 cm x 29 cm.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The earliest serious efforts to classify the living things were made by
    Solution
    Theophrastus (370-285 BC), a Greek philosopher, is considered father of botany. He was first to attempt to classify plants of the basis of their morphological features into tree, shrubs, subshrubs and herbs. He considered the trees as most advanced ones and classified and described around 500 plant species in his book “Historia Plantarum”. 
    Aristotle (382-332 BC), a Greek philosopher, recognized the resemblance in part of bodies among different individuals as being constant from generation to generation. He classified living things into plant, animal and human beings based on their morphological similarities and dissimilarities. 
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Chief merit of Bentham and Hooker's classification is that
    Solution
    Bentham and Hooker gave the natural system of classification in which the seeded plants are divided into dicotyledons, gymnosperms and monocotyledons. The dicotyledons are divided into Polypetalae, Gamopetalous, and Mmonochlamydeae. This classes where further divided into cohorts. The classification is based on the natural observation of species. The placement of Gymnospermae between Dicotyledonae and Monocotyledones was considered as a demerit of this classification. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    "Systema Naturae" book was written by:
    Solution
    Engler and Prantl proposed their phylogenetic system of classification in their book “Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien” in 1886. Monocots and apetalous simple flowers with strobilus like inflorescence were considered primitive by them. Oswald Tippo, University of Illiniois 1942, classified plant kingdom on the basis of their phylogenetic and evolutionary relationship; he considered magnoliales a primitive order and Amentifereae as most advanced taxon. Darwin proposed the theory of natural selection to explain the process of evolution and published it in a book entitled, 'The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection' or the 'Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life'. Linnaeus is considered father of taxonomy and was first to use the binomial nomenclature for organisms. He described all known species of plant, animal and mineral in his book “Systema Naturae”. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Embryophyta includes
    Solution
    The group of green plants is categorised under embryophytes. It includes hornworts, liverworts, mosses, ferns, lycophytes, gymnosperms and flowering plants, and emerged from Charophyte green algae. As these plants possess embryo within the maternal tissues. They are specialized multicellular eukaryotes with specialised reproductive organs. Most of the embryophytes are autotrophic and derive their nutrition from photosynthesis. They live primarily in terrestrial habitats, while the related green algae are primarily aquatic so they are informally referred as land plants.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Term taxon was given by
    Solution
    When the group of plants which have same characters are placed in the same group, they are called a taxon. The term taxon was given by Adolf Mayer. The organisms which are included in one taxon are characterised by similar characteristics or traits. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
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