The Living World Test

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The Living World Test - 43

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Who is called the "Father of Taxonomy"?

A
Aristotle

B
Carolus Linnaeus

C
John Ray

D
Theophrastus

Solution

Father of Taxonomy and Nomenclature - Carolus Linnaeus
Father of Biology and Zoology - Aristotle
Father of Botany and Ecology - Theophrastus
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Question 2
1 / -0

The number of obligate categories included in hierarchal classification are________________

A
5

B
7

C
8

D
9

Solution

There are 7 obligate categories included in hierarchal classification.
Taxonomic hierarchy categories were also introduced by Linnaeus. They are also known as Linnaean hierarchy. It is defined as sequence of categories in a decreasing or increasing order from kingdom to species and vice versa. Kingdom is the highest rank followed by division, class, order, family, genus and species. Species is the lowest rank in the hierarchy. The hierarchy has two categories which are obligate and intermediate. Obligate means they are followed strictly and range from kingdom to species as said above. Intermediate are not followed strictly and they are added in obligate list such as sub-division, super-family, super-class, sub-order, sub-species, etc.

1. Species: Group of population which is similar in form, shape and reproductive features so that fertile sibling can be produced. Some siblings can be sterile when a hybrid is produced. A hybrid can be product of female horse and male donkey (mule) or male tiger and female lion known as tigon. Sexual reproduction is present in eukaryotes. Species is followed by subspecies, varieties and races. These categories are inferior as compared to species.

2. Genus: It is defined as group of similar species. But it is not mandatory to have many species. Some genera have only one species known as monotypic. If there are more than one species it is known as polytypic. For example- lion, tiger are quite similar species placed under the genus, Panthera.

3. Family: It is defined as collection of similar genera. It can be separated from genera by reproductive and vegetative features. For example- cats and leopard are included in the family felidae.

4. Order: One or more than one similar families constitute order. Family felidae are included in the order Carnivora.

5. Class: One or more than one order makes a class. Class mammalia includes all mammals which are bats, rodents, kangaroos, whales, great apes and man.

6. Phylum: It is a term used for animals while its synonym division is used for plants. It is a collection of similar classes. Phylum chordata of animals has class mammalia along with birds, reptiles and amphibians.

7. Kingdom: The top most taxonomic category. Example all animals are included in kingdom Animalia. The unit in classification that denotes grouping of organism based on features which are observable is known as taxon.

The different methods used to identify and classify organisms are referred to Taxonomic aids. Identification of organisms is a tedious process. Keys are used for identification referred as taxonomic key. It includes a long table of statements with alternative features to identify organisms. The features which are related to organism are chosen.

The statement is referred to key. There are separate keys for different taxonomic category. Basically, they are of two types indented and bracketed. The former constitutes range of choices between two or more features. While the latter uses contrasting features with each feature having a specific number enclosed in brackets.
Question 3
1 / -0

What does taxonomic hierarchy refer to?

A
Step-wise arrangement and naming of the organisms

B
Classification of a species based on fossil record

C
Naming the organisms based on their morphology

D
Sequential arrangement of all categories for classification of organisms
Solution
- Taxonomic hierarchy is the process of arranging various groups, classes, and other categories into successive levels of the biological classification in a sequence either from kingdom to species or vice versa.
- Each of these levels of the hierarchy is called the taxonomic category or rank.
- So the correct option is the 'sequential arrangement of all categories for the classification of organisms'.
Question 4
1 / -0

What is the correct sequence of taxonomic categories?

A
Division, class, family, tribe, order, genus, species

B
Division, class, order, family, tribe, genus, species

C
Phylum, order, class, tribe, family, genus, species

D
Class, phylum, tribe, order, family, genus, species
Solution
Correct Option: B

Explanation:
- Species contain a group of individuals that have common fundamental similarities.
- Genus contains a group of related species.
- Tribe is a rank that lies between genus and family.
- Family has a group of related genera.
- Order has a group of related families.
- Class comprises of related orders.
- Division is a rank equivalent to phylum.
Hence, the correct sequence of taxonomic categories is division, class, order, family, tribe, genus, species.
Question 5
1 / -0

Biosystematics aims at

A
The classification of organisms based on the morphological characters

B
Identification and arrangement of organisms on the basis of their cytological characteristics

C
Delimiting various taxa of organisms and establishing their relationship

D
The classification of organisms based on their evolutionary history and establishing their phylogeny on the totality of various parameters from all fields of studies
Solution
Correct Option: D

Explanation:
- Biosystematics is the study of the phylogeny and evolutionary relationship of a living organism.
Hence, biosystematics aims at the classification of organisms based on their evolutionary history and establishing their phylogeny on the totality of various parameters from all fields of studies.
Question 6
1 / -0

From the following categories, identify the only taxonomic category that has a real existence.

A
Phylum

B
Species

C
Genus

D
Kingdom

Solution

Species have real existence. It is the lowermost taxon at the hierarchical level. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms where two hybrids are capable of producing fertile offspring, typically using sexual reproduction. A species is often defined as a group of individuals that actually interbreed in nature. In this sense, a species is the biggest gene pool possible under natural conditions.
Question 7
1 / -0

Binomial nomenclature means indication of the name of an organism's

A
Order and family

B
Family and genus

C
Genus and species

D
Species and variety
Solution
- Binomial Nomenclature is the system of providing organisms with appropriate and distinct names consisting of two words, first generic and second specific
- The generic word is also called genus and acts like a noun and its first letter is written in the capital form
- The specific epithet represents the species. It is like an adjective and its first letter is written in a small form
- So the correct option is 'genus and species'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following is not a taxon?

A
Species

B
Family

C
Population

D
Class
Solution
- A taxonomic group or any rank in a biological classification into which related organisms are classified, such as a species, family, or class is known as a taxon. Each level or unit is called a taxon and it has standardized endings. Rank refers to the level in the hierarchy. A taxon is a taxonomic group of the taxonomic unit.
- The term taxon was first used in 1926 by Adolf Meyer-Abich for animal groups, as a back-formation from the word taxonomy. Each taxon represents a single species, except where the number of taxa is given in parentheses. The Kingdom is the most inclusive group and the species is the least inclusive group.
- Taxa are arranged in a hierarchy from kingdom to subspecies, a given taxon ordinarily including several taxa of lower rank. Rules for naming the various taxa are the province of Biological nomenclature.
So the correct option is 'Population'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following taxonomic group contains the greatest number of organisms?

A
Class

B
Order

C
Phylum

D
Family
Solution
- The number of organisms increases from Species to Kingdom, whereas number of similar characteristics decreases from species to kingdom
- Among class, order, phylum, family, the taxonomic category which is placed below the kingdom and is with higher number of organisms is phylum.
- So, the correct option is 'Phylum'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Taxonomically, what is species?

A
A group of evolutionary related populations that can not interbreed

B
A group of organism which can interbreed

C
Category to which most taxonomic information is attached

D
Fundamental unit of phylogenetic history of organisms
Solution
- The term species was coined by John Ray. This is a fundamental and basic unit of biological classification which can exchange genes. They can interbreed among themselves. The process of mutation and genetic recombination can cause variation within the species.
So, the correct answer is option B.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

The Living World Test - 43

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The Living World Test - 43

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Aristotle

Carolus Linnaeus

John Ray

Theophrastus

Solution

Question 2

5

7

8

9

Solution

Question 3

Step-wise arrangement and naming of the organisms

Classification of a species based on fossil record

Naming the organisms based on their morphology

Sequential arrangement of all categories for classification of organisms

Solution

Question 4

Division, class, family, tribe, order, genus, species

Division, class, order, family, tribe, genus, species

Phylum, order, class, tribe, family, genus, species

Class, phylum, tribe, order, family, genus, species

Solution

Question 5

The classification of organisms based on the morphological characters

Identification and arrangement of organisms on the basis of their cytological characteristics

Delimiting various taxa of organisms and establishing their relationship

The classification of organisms based on their evolutionary history and establishing their phylogeny on the totality of various parameters from all fields of studies

Solution

Question 6

Phylum

Species

Genus

Kingdom

Solution

Question 7

Order and family

Family and genus

Genus and species

Species and variety

Solution

Question 8

Species

Family

Population

Class

Solution

Question 9

Class

Order

Phylum

Family

Solution

Question 10

A group of evolutionary related populations that can not interbreed

A group of organism which can interbreed

Category to which most taxonomic information is attached

Fundamental unit of phylogenetic history of organisms

Solution

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