Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 19

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Question 1
1 / -0

An anaphase chromosome contains

A
1 DNA molecule

B
3 DNA molecule

C
2 DNA molecule

D
4 DNA molecule

Solution

During mitosis, anaphase stage is characterized by splitting of the centromere. The DNA molecule in each chromosome replicates in the synthesis or S phase of interphase and thus, it possess two DNA molecules. At anaphase stage, each chromosome splits at the centromere and each daughter chromosome thus produced is left with a single molecule of DNA only.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 2
1 / -0

Meiosis was first discovered by

A
Sutton

B
Hofmeister

C
Strasburger

D
Hertwig

Solution

Meiosis was first discovered by the German biologist Oscar Hertwig. He described for the first time in sea urchin eggs in 1876. It is also known as reductional division. It mainly occurs in the reproductive cell. It reduces the chromosome number by half, creating four haploid cells, each genetically distinct from the parent cell that gave rise to them. So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which one of the following precedes reformation of the nuclear envelope during M phase of the cell cycle?

A
Formation of the contractile ring and formation of the phragmoplast

B
Formation of the contractile ring and transcription from chromosomes

C
Decondensation of chromosomes and reassembly of the nuclear lamina

D
Transcription from chromosomes and ressembly of the nuclear lamina

Solution

The telophase is the stage of reconstitution of nuclei. Chromosomes uncoil, elongate, lose their stainability and form chromatin fibres. Nucleoplasm and nuclear envelope appear so that two daughter nuclei are formed.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 4
1 / -0

During cell division, chromosome attaches with spindles to

A
Kinetochore

B
Centrosome

C
Centriole

D
Secondary constriction

Solution

During metaphase stage of cell division, each chromosome gets attached to two spindle fibers, one from each pole, in the region of kinetochores. The chromosomes are arranged at equidistant from the two poles which is known as an equatorial plane.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

During the G$$_1$$ phase of cell division

A
RNA and proteins are synthesized

B
DNA and proteins are synthesized

C
Cell prepares for M phase

D
Cell undergoes duplication

Solution

G$$_1$$ phase marks the start of the interphase. The synthesis of biochemicals like RNA, proteins, enzymes for DNA synthesis, amino acids for histone formation, nucleotides and ATP take place during this phase.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which one of the following pair is correctly matched?

A
Anaphase I - Homologous chromosomes are separated

B
Metaphase I - Pairing of maternal and paternal homologous chromosomes takes place

C
Telophase I - A nuclear envelope encloses each haploid set of chromosomes

D
Prophase I - Non-homologous chromosomes are separated
Solution
Meiosis I has four phases- prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, and telophase I.
During prophase I, homologous chromosomes pair and form synapses. The paired chromosomes are called bivalents, and the formation of chiasmata caused by genetic recombination becomes apparent.
In metaphase, I, the homologous pairs of chromosomes align on either side of the equatorial plate.
During anaphase I, the homologous chromosomes are pulled toward opposite poles of the cell. In anaphase II, the sister chromatids are separated.
In telophase I, the chromosomes finished moving to opposite ends of the cell. This will then be followed by cytokinesis producing two daughter cells.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
1 / -0

Cell division can not be stopped in which phase of the cell cycle?

A
G$$_{1}$$ phase

B
G$$_{2}$$ phase

C
S phase

D
All of the above

Solution

A cell in G$$_1$$ phase has three options, Continue division cycle and enter S phase, exit normal cell cycle and enter G$$_o$$ phase, stop cell cycle and undergo differentiation. S phase is the synthesis phase which is marked with DNA replication. Once DNA gets replicated the cell division cannot be stopped.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
1 / -0

ln which phase, proteins for spindle fibre formation are synthesized?

A
G$$_{1}$$ phase

B
G$$_{2}$$ phase

C
S phase

D
Anaphase

Solution

G$$_2$$ phase is second growth phase. It occurs after synthesis phase in a typical cell cycle. In the G$$_2$$ phase synthesis of tubulin protein which is the major component of microtubules takes place. The spindle fibres are made of microtubules. So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 9
1 / -0

Select the correct option with respect to mitosis.

A
Chromosomes move to the spindle equator and get aligned along equatorial plate in metaphase

B
Chromatids separate but remain in the centre of the cell in anaphase

C
Chromatids start moving towards opposite poles in telophase

D
Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum are still visible at the end of prophase

Solution

During metaphase, each chromosome gets attached to two spindle fibers, one from each pole, in the region of its kinetochores. The kinetochore fibers contract and bring the chromosomes over the equator.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 10
1 / -0

DNA and histone proteins are synthesized during which of the following phase of cell cycle?

A
S phase

B
G$$_{2}$$ phase

C
G$$_{1}$$ phase

D
None of these

Solution

S phase is the synthesis phase of cell cycle. It is characterised by a synthesis of histone proteins and replication of DNA of a chromosome. This protein helps in the formation of cellular structures like spindle fibre which further helps in cell division.
So, the correct answer is option A.

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 19

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 19

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Question 1

1 DNA molecule

3 DNA molecule

2 DNA molecule

4 DNA molecule

Solution

Question 2

Sutton

Hofmeister

Strasburger

Hertwig

Solution

Question 3

Formation of the contractile ring and formation of the phragmoplast

Formation of the contractile ring and transcription from chromosomes

Decondensation of chromosomes and reassembly of the nuclear lamina

Transcription from chromosomes and ressembly of the nuclear lamina

Solution

Question 4

Kinetochore

Centrosome

Centriole

Secondary constriction

Solution

Question 5

RNA and proteins are synthesized

DNA and proteins are synthesized

Cell prepares for M phase

Cell undergoes duplication

Solution

Question 6

Anaphase I - Homologous chromosomes are separated

Metaphase I - Pairing of maternal and paternal homologous chromosomes takes place

Telophase I - A nuclear envelope encloses each haploid set of chromosomes

Prophase I - Non-homologous chromosomes are separated

Solution

Question 7

G$$_{1}$$ phase

G$$_{2}$$ phase

S phase

All of the above

Solution

Question 8

G$$_{1}$$ phase

G$$_{2}$$ phase

S phase

Anaphase

Solution

Question 9

Chromosomes move to the spindle equator and get aligned along equatorial plate in metaphase

Chromatids separate but remain in the centre of the cell in anaphase

Chromatids start moving towards opposite poles in telophase

Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum are still visible at the end of prophase

Solution

Question 10

S phase

G$$_{2}$$ phase

G$$_{1}$$ phase

None of these

Solution

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