Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 21

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Question 1
1 / -0

Cell growth occurs during

A
Interphase

B
Mitotic phase

C
Postmitotic phase

D
Interphase and postmitotic phase

Solution

The cell cycle has four phases as :
G$$_{1}$$ phase - where the cell prepares for growth
S phase - where DNA synthesis takes place
G$$_{2}$$ phase - where there is cell growth and preparation for mitosis and lastly,
M phase - where mitosis (cell division) takes place.
So, the post mitotic phase includes the G$$_{1}$$ phase, S phase and G$$_{2}$$ phase (called the interphase). Thus, the correct answer is option (D), 'Interphase and post-mitotic phase'.
Question 2
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56 cells are produced in meiosis in which ........

A
First division is reductional.

B
First division is equational.

C
Second division is reductional.

D
None of the above.

Solution

In meiosis, two divisions occur following a single round of DNA replication. First division in meiosis is characterised by pairing of homologous chromosomes, exchange of fragments and separation of homologous chromosomes; because homologous chromosomes separate and only one chromosome of each homologous pair of chromosome reaches each pole; it is called reductional division. Second division in meiosis in which centromere splits is called as equational division.
Question 3
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At what stage of the cell cycle are histone proteins synthesized in a eukaryotic cell -

A
During telophase

B
During S-phase

C
During G-2 stage of prophase

D
During entire prophase

Solution

Histone is a basic protein( consisting of Arginine and Lysine). These proteins are basically involved in the formation of an Octamer which then with linker DNA forms nucleosome around which core DNA is wounded. These histone proteins are synthesised in the eukaryotic cell in S-phase.
So, the correct answer is 'During S-phase'.
So the correct option is B.
Question 4
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A stage in cell division is shown in the figure. Select the answer which gives correct identification of the stage with its characteristics.

A
Telophase - nuclear envelop reforms, golgi complex reforms

B
Late anaphase - chromosomes move away from equatorial plate, golgi complex not present

C
Cytokinesis - cell plate formed, mitochondria distributed between two daughter cells

D
Telophase - endoplasmic reticulumand nucleolus not reformed yet
Question 5
1 / -0

'U' or 'V' or 'J' shaped chromosomes are seen in ............ the phase of cell division.

A
Prophase

B
Metaphase

C
Telophase

D
Anaphase

Solution

During anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and pulled to opposite poles by movement of spindle fibers attached to the centromere. The chromatids moving towards opposite poles appear to be of various shapes like V-shaped (metacentric chromosomes), J-shaped (submetacentric chromosomes) or I-shaped (telocentric chromosomes), depending on the position of the centromere.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 6
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The position of centromere during mitotic metaphase is

A
Towards the equator

B
Anywhere in the spindle

C
Variable from plant to plant

D
Towards the pole

Solution

Metaphase is the stage of mitosis when all the chromosomes are arranged at the equator. There is no splitting of centromere at metaphase stage. The chromosomes are shortest and thickest at metaphase stage.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
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In the anaphase of mitosis,

A
Chromosomes are in the middle of the cell

B
Chromosomes are at one pole

C
Chromosomes moves away towards the poles from middle

D
There are no chromosomes

Solution

During mitosis, anaphase stage is characterized by splitting of the centromere. At anaphase stage, each chromosome splits at the centromere and start moving towards the two opposite poles.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
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Which of the following is true?

A
Meiosis maintains constant number of chromosomes in an organism.

B
Meiosis provides opportunity for the exchange of genes.

C
Meiosis causes genetic variations among the species.

D
All of the above.

Solution

In sexually reproducing organisms, meiosis produces haploid gametes which later on fuse to form the diploid organism. Thus, there is a regular alteration between haploid gametes and diploid adult, this is possible due to meiosis. Meiosis involves pairing of homologous chromosomes, crossing over between homologous chromosomes leading to exchange of segments between non sister chromatids of a homologous pair of chromosome and finally separation of homologous chromosomes.
Question 9
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Which of the following statements is true?

A
A diploid cell produces four diploid cells in meiosis.

B
The chromosomes number is reduced to half in daughter cells in mitosis.

C
The chromosome number remains the same like parent cell in meiosis.

D
None of the above.

Solution

Two types of cell divisions are common in living organism- Mitosis and Meiosis. Meiosis is characterised by pairing of homologous chromosomes, crossing over and separation of homologous chromosomes. Thus, the number of chromosomes in daughter cells is reduced to one half. In mitosis, the chromosome number in both the daughter cells remains same as in the parent cell.
Question 10
1 / -0

Cytokinesis is

A
Division of nuclei

B
Division of chromosomes

C
Division of cytoplasm

D
Completion of cell division
Solution
Solution:
Correct answer is option C.
Explanation for correct option:
- The glycolysis is a ten-step process in which glucose is converted into the molecule pyruvate.
- In the sixth step, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) is converted to 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate by glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase. This step produces the 2 NADH molecules.

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 21

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 21

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Question 1

Interphase

Mitotic phase

Postmitotic phase

Interphase and postmitotic phase

Solution

Question 2

First division is reductional.

First division is equational.

Second division is reductional.

None of the above.

Solution

Question 3

During telophase

During S-phase

During G-2 stage of prophase

During entire prophase

Solution

Question 4

Telophase - nuclear envelop reforms, golgi complex reforms

Late anaphase - chromosomes move away from equatorial plate, golgi complex not present

Cytokinesis - cell plate formed, mitochondria distributed between two daughter cells

Telophase - endoplasmic reticulumand nucleolus not reformed yet

Question 5

Prophase

Metaphase

Telophase

Anaphase

Solution

Question 6

Towards the equator

Anywhere in the spindle

Variable from plant to plant

Towards the pole

Solution

Question 7

Chromosomes are in the middle of the cell

Chromosomes are at one pole

Chromosomes moves away towards the poles from middle

There are no chromosomes

Solution

Question 8

Meiosis maintains constant number of chromosomes in an organism.

Meiosis provides opportunity for the exchange of genes.

Meiosis causes genetic variations among the species.

All of the above.

Solution

Question 9

A diploid cell produces four diploid cells in meiosis.

The chromosomes number is reduced to half in daughter cells in mitosis.

The chromosome number remains the same like parent cell in meiosis.

None of the above.

Solution

Question 10

Division of nuclei

Division of chromosomes

Division of cytoplasm

Completion of cell division

Solution

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