Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 34

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Question 1
1 / -0

At which of the following stages of cell division, the separation of chromatids and their movement to opposite poles occur?

A
Prophase

B
Anaphase

C
Metaphase

D
Telophase

Solution

In anaphase, there is a shortening of the spindle microtubules. Each chromosome is pulled along by its centromere the two sister chromatids of each chromosome are pulled apart by the spindle and dragged by their kinetochores toward opposite poles of the cell. Thus the correct answer is option B.
Question 2
1 / -0

The centromere does not divide till the end of metaphase. This is important because centromere

A
Contains genes that control prophase and metaphase

B
Produces spindle fibre

C
Holds the replicated DNAs together

D
Is connected with nuclear envelope

Solution

DNA at centromere is late duplicating, hence sister chromatids remains attached at this point till the end of metaphase.
Question 3
1 / -0

If cells in process of dividing are subjected to colchicine, a drug that interferes with the functioning of the spindle apparatus, at which stage will mitosis be arrested?

A
Anaphase

B
Prophase

C
Telophase

D
Metaphase

Solution

Colchicine inhibits the formation of microtubules by inhibiting tubulin, a protein required for microtubule synthesis. Microtubules in the form of spindle fibers during cell division pull the DNA from the center of the mother cell into the new daughter cells. If microtubules are not formed DNA will not move into new cells. Hence new cell formation will be inhibited in the metaphase stage. Thus the correct answer is option D.
Question 4
1 / -0

The phase of shortest duration is

A
S phase

B
Prophase

C
Metaphase

D
Anaphase

Solution

Anaphase is the shortest phase of mitosis. During anaphase, the arranged chromosomes at the metaphase plate migrate towards their respective poles. Before this migration started, chromosomes are divided into sister chromatids, by the separation of joined centromere of two sister chromatids of chromosomes. During migration, sister chromatids moved towards opposite poles of the cell by the constriction of spindle fibers or kinetochore microtubules. Due to this movement the size of chromosomes is changed, e.g., metacentric looks like V-shaped whereas sub-metacentric looks like J-shaped. This movement, i.e., migration continues till the chromosomes reached to the poles and their segregation completes.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 5
1 / -0

The separation of daughter chromosomes takes place at

A
Prophase

B
Metaphase

C
Anaphase

D
Telophase

Solution

In anaphase, there is a shortening of the spindle microtubules. Each daughter chromosome is pulled along by its centromere. The two sister chromatids of each chromosome are pulled apart by the spindle and dragged by their kinetochores toward opposite poles of the cell. Thus the correct answer is option C.
Question 6
1 / -0

............ occurs only during meiosis.

A
Pairing of homologues

B
Separation of duplicated strands

C
Cytokinesis

D
Disappearance of nucleolus

Solution

Meiosis generally occurs in the reproductive cell. One chromosome of each homologous pair comes from the mother (called as a maternal chromosome) and one comes from the father (paternal chromosome). Homologous chromosomes are similar but not identical. Each carries the same genes in the same order, but the alleles for each trait may not be the same. The pairing of homologous chromosomes is an essential feature of meiosis, acting to promote high levels of recombination and to ensure segregation of homologs.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
1 / -0

In which phase of mitosis the chromatids of chromosomes separate from each other?

A
Anaphase

B
Telophase

C
Metaphase

D
Prophase

Solution

Anaphase is the fourth phase of mitosis. It is characterised by following key events: i) centromere splits and chromatids get separated ii) Chromatids move to opposite poles
So, the correct answer is 'Anaphase'
Question 8
1 / -0

Separation of homologous chromosomes is termed

A
Cross over

B
Disjunction

C
Dispersion

D
Bivalent formation

Solution

Disjunction is a normal process by which the two homologs of each chromosome in a meiotic cell separate and move to different gametes. This occurs in Anaphase I of meiosis. The separated chromosomes or univalents are also called dyads because each of them consists of two chromatids which remain joined with each other at the centromere.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Question 9
1 / -0

Disjunction is

A
Incompatibility of genes

B
Separation of homologous chromosomes at anaphase

C
Modification of gene action by a nonallelic gene

D
Chromosome aberration involving deletion

Solution

Anaphase I is a step in meiosis I. In this phase two chromosomes of each bivalent separate and move towards the opposite poles due to spindle action. In anaphase II of meiosis II, the sister chromatids are pulled apart. This separation of homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids in anaphase I and II respectively is called disjunction. Thus the correct answer is option B.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following statement is correct?

A
G$$_2$$ phase follows mitotic phase

B
Duration of interphase is short as compared to M phase

C
DNA replication occurs in S phase

D
DNA content becomes double during G$$_1$$ phase

Solution

Interphase is characterized by three major phases $$G_1$$ (growth phase 1 or gap 1), S (synthesis) and $$G_2$$(growth phase 2 or gap 2). S phase or the synthesis phase is the part of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between $$G_1$$ phase and $$G_2$$ phase. DNA replication occurs during this S or synthesis phase. Depending on levels of nutrients, energy, and external factors, cells must decide to enter the cell cycle or move into a non-dividing state known as $$G_0$$ phase.

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 34

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 34

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Question 1

Prophase

Anaphase

Metaphase

Telophase

Solution

Question 2

Contains genes that control prophase and metaphase

Produces spindle fibre

Holds the replicated DNAs together

Is connected with nuclear envelope

Solution

Question 3

Anaphase

Prophase

Telophase

Metaphase

Solution

Question 4

S phase

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Solution

Question 5

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Solution

Question 6

Pairing of homologues

Separation of duplicated strands

Cytokinesis

Disappearance of nucleolus

Solution

Question 7

Anaphase

Telophase

Metaphase

Prophase

Solution

Question 8

Cross over

Disjunction

Dispersion

Bivalent formation

Solution

Question 9

Incompatibility of genes

Separation of homologous chromosomes at anaphase

Modification of gene action by a nonallelic gene

Chromosome aberration involving deletion

Solution

Question 10

G$$_2$$ phase follows mitotic phase

Duration of interphase is short as compared to M phase

DNA replication occurs in S phase

DNA content becomes double during G$$_1$$ phase

Solution

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