Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 35

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Question 1
1 / -0

When does pairing of homologous chromosomes occur in meiosis?

A
Leptotene

B
Zygotene

C
Pachytene

D
Diplotene

Solution

In zygotene, the homologous chromosomes come to lie side by side and get attached laterally due to the development of nucleoprotein between them. Pairing is such that the genes of the same character present on the two chromosomes come to lie exactly opposite. This pairing of homologous chromosomes is called as synapsis or syndesis.
Question 2
1 / -0

The repulsion of homologous chromosomes begins during

A
Diplotene

B
Diakinesis

C
Leptotene

D
Zygotene

Solution

Diplotene a stage of meiotic prophase in which the paired homologous chromosomes begin to separate due to repulsion and chiasmata become visible. Thus the correct answer is option A.
Question 3
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Meiosis has evolutionary significance because it results in

A
Eggs and sperms

B
Recombinations

C
Four daughter cells

D
Genetically similar daughter cells

Solution

Crossing over is the process which occurs in meiosis I. The genetic material gets exchanged between the non-sister chromatids of the two homologous chromosomes which are obtained as one from the mother (maternal) and one from the father (paternal). The genetic exchange is responsible for the variation in the genetic composition of the offspring due to recombination. The recombination helps in bringing variation and contributes towards evolution. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 4
1 / -0

Meiosis involves

A
One nuclear division and one chromosome division

B
One nuclear division and two chromosome divisions

C
Two nuclear divisions and one chromosome division

D
Two nuclear divisions and two chromosome divisions

Solution

Meiosis is the cell division which results in the formation of four haploid cells from the diploid parent cell. There are two phases, meiosis I and meiosis II. The nuclear division occurs twice. There is a breaking of the chromosomes only in the anaphase II of meiosis II. In meiosis I, there is a separation of chromosomes towards opposite pole without breaking of the centromere. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 5
1 / -0

The number of chromatids in a chromosome at metaphase is

A
One in mitosis and two in meiosis

B
Two in mitosis and one in meiosis

C
Two each in mitosis and meiosis

D
Two in mitosis and four in meiosis

Solution

The DNA replicates in the S-phase of interphase in both the types of cell division. The replicated DNA is arranged as sister chromatids on the same chromosomes. In the metaphase in both meiosis as well as mitosis, there are two chromatids in the chromosome.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which among the following is the longest phase of meiosis?

A
Prophase I

B
Anaphase I

C
Prophase II

D
Metaphase II

Solution

A- Prophase I of mieosis I is longer and more complex than mitosis. It is divided into 5 substages based on chromosomal behaviour i.e Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, Diplotene and Diakinesis.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which phase of cell cycle is involved in chaisma formation?

A
Leptotene

B
Diplotene

C
Pachytene

D
Zygotene
Solution
- A chiasma is a region where two homologous non-sister chromatids meet and exchange genetic material during chromosomal crossover in meiosis.
- The crossing over of genetic material occurs during the pachytene stage.
Thus the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
1 / -0

$$G_0$$ state of cell denotes

A
Death of cell

B
Permanent pause

C
Exit of cell from cell cycle

D
Check point before entering the next phase

Solution

The cell cycle mainly consists of 4 stages G$$_1$$, S, G$$_2$$, and M. The G$$_{0}$$ phase also known as the extended G1 phase is a period in which the cell exits from the cell cycle. In this stage, the cell exists in a quiescent state and does not divide. Thus the correct answer is option C.
Question 9
1 / -0

In meiosis, the daughter cell receive

A
Maternal chromosomes only

B
Paternal chromosomes only

C
A mixture of maternal and paternal chromosomes

D
None of the above

Solution

Meiosis is the cell division which results in the formation of four haploid cells from the diploid parent cell. The homologous chromosomes contain the paternal and maternal chromosome. There is genetic recombination between the two chromosomes which results in the exchange of the genes. So, the daughter cell or the gamete contains combination or mixture of maternal and paternal chromosomes.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which one of the following precedes re-formation of the nuclear envelope, during M phase of the cell cycle?

A
Decondensation from chromosomes and reassembly of the nuclear lamina

B
Transcription from chromosomes and reassembly of the nuclear lamina

C
Formation of the contractile ring and formation of the phragmoplast

D
Formation of the contractile ring and transcription from chromosomes

Solution

The nuclear envelope in eukaryotes separates the DNA, from the cytoplasm disassembles. The chromosomes align themselves, in a line spanning the cell. Microtubules, essentially miniature strings, pulls out from opposite ends of the cell and shorten, pulling apart the sister chromatids of each chromosome. As a matter of convention, each sister chromatid is now considered a chromosome, so they are renamed to sister chromosomes. As the cell elongates, corresponding sister chromosomes are pulled toward opposite ends. A new nuclear envelope forms around the separated sister chromosomes.
so, the correct answer is option A.

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 35

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 35

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Question 1

Leptotene

Zygotene

Pachytene

Diplotene

Solution

Question 2

Diplotene

Diakinesis

Leptotene

Zygotene

Solution

Question 3

Eggs and sperms

Recombinations

Four daughter cells

Genetically similar daughter cells

Solution

Question 4

One nuclear division and one chromosome division

One nuclear division and two chromosome divisions

Two nuclear divisions and one chromosome division

Two nuclear divisions and two chromosome divisions

Solution

Question 5

One in mitosis and two in meiosis

Two in mitosis and one in meiosis

Two each in mitosis and meiosis

Two in mitosis and four in meiosis

Solution

Question 6

Prophase I

Anaphase I

Prophase II

Metaphase II

Solution

Question 7

Leptotene

Diplotene

Pachytene

Zygotene

Solution

Question 8

Death of cell

Permanent pause

Exit of cell from cell cycle

Check point before entering the next phase

Solution

Question 9

Maternal chromosomes only

Paternal chromosomes only

A mixture of maternal and paternal chromosomes

None of the above

Solution

Question 10

Decondensation from chromosomes and reassembly of the nuclear lamina

Transcription from chromosomes and reassembly of the nuclear lamina

Formation of the contractile ring and formation of the phragmoplast

Formation of the contractile ring and transcription from chromosomes

Solution

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