Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 36

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Question 1
1 / -0

The best cell division stage to observe the shape, size and number of chromosome is

A
Metaphase

B
Interphase

C
Prophase

D
Telophase

Solution

The best cell division stage to observe the shape, size and number of chromosomes is the metaphase. The chromosomes appear shortest and thickest during this phase and are arranged at the equator and form an apparent plate called as equatorial or metaphase plate thus readily visible. Therefore, this phase is often chosen for karyotyping and for chromosome analysis. So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 2
1 / -0

The chromosomes are arranged along the equator during

A
Prophase

B
Metaphase

C
Anaphase

D
Telophase

Solution

During metaphase, chromosomes are arranged on a plane, which is known as equatorial plate. It is the second stage of cell division (mitosis or meiosis), in which the chromosomes, each consisting of two chromatids, are arranged on the equatorial plane of the spindle prior to the separation.
Question 3
1 / -0

Meiosis is completed in how many stages?

A
1

B
2

C
10

D
4

Solution

Meiosis is carried out in two steps i.e meiosis I and meiosis II. Each step having 5 stages viz. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis.
Question 4
1 / -0

The number of chromosome in a daughter cell obtained after meiosis is __

A
2n

B
2n+1

C
n

D
3n

Solution

Meiosis takes place in 2 steps. During first step the number of chromosomes in the diploid cell reduces to half and then in second step the 2 daughter cells get divided to 4 haploid cells.
Question 5
1 / -0

The DNA replication occurs in

A
G$$_1$$- phase

B
S-phase

C
G$$_2$$- phase

D
M-phase

Solution

A. Correct option is (D)

B. Explanation for the correct option.

1.       During M and G 1 phase the pre-replication complex is assembled.

2.       The helicase is activated only in the S phase in the presence of ATP.

3.       When the cell enters the S phase the pre- replicative complex is converted into replicative complex.

4.       During the S phase the synthesis of DNA takes place.

5.   During the S phase of the cell cycle, the DNA double helix is unwound by the enzyme helicase and each single helix is duplicated by assembly of nucleotides by DNA polymerase. Hence, option B is correct.
Question 6
1 / -0

The colchicine prevents the mitosis of cells at which of the following stage?

A
Anaphase

B
Metaphase

C
Prophase

D
Interphase

Solution

If a cell is treated with drugs such as Colchicine, vincistrine, the assembly of the microtubules is inhibited, while the dis-assembly continues leading to continues disorganization of microtubules. Colchicine is an alkaloid. It can be extracted from corms of plant Colchicum autumnale and C. luteum. Colchicines prevent spindle formation during mitotic metaphase. Thus, it prevents the separation of chromosomes during anaphase stage. Hence, the correct answer is option B.
Question 7
1 / -0

Many cells can function properly and divide mitotically in absence of

A
Plasma membrane

B
Cytoskeleton

C
Mitochondria

D
Plastids

Solution

Plasmalemma/cell membrane is the biological membrane that separate the cell’s interior from surrounding and from other cells. It serves as selective permeable membrane and maintains cell’s identity and integrity and therefore is indispensible part of any type of cell.
Mitochondria are double membrane bound eukaryotic cell organelles that serve as site for cellular respiration, produce enormous amount of energy to metabolic process and cell division.
Microtubules of cytoskeleton are the structural units of spindle fibres that become attached to chromosomes via kinetochores, present on the surface of chromosomal centromere, and move the chromosomes apart during cell division.
Plastids are double membrane bound organelles which are found in plant cells and other autotrophic organisms only and serve mainly in photosynthesis. They don’t contribute in cell division.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 8
1 / -0

Meiosis leads to _______

A
Genetic recombination

B
Variations

C
Evolution

D
All of the above

Solution

In meiosis I, Pachytene stage crossing over takes place between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes. This leads to genetic recombination and thus variations and ultimately it leads to Evolution.
Correct option is D
Question 9
1 / -0

In cell cycle, during which phase, chromosomes are arranged in equatorial plate?

A
Metaphase

B
Anaphase

C
Telophase

D
Prophase

Solution

Prophase is the stage of mitosis, which is characterized by spindle formation, shortening and thickening of chromosomes, the disintegration of the nuclear envelope and disappearance of the nucleolus.
Metaphase proceeds prophase and is marked by the movement of chromosomes towards the equator of cell mediated by kinetochore microtubules of spindle fibres. Alignment of chromosomes on the equatorial plane of the spindle, the metaphase plate, marks the end of metaphase.
Anaphase is the stage of mitosis which is characterized by separation of sister chromatids followed by their movement towards the opposite pole of the spindle.
Completion of separation of sister chromatids, which are now present at the opposite poles of cell marks telophase. The cell resumes the interphase state during telophase.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 10
1 / -0

.......... results in division of a cell into four cells.

A
Mitosis

B
Interphase

C
Prophase

D
Meiosis

Solution

Meiosis is a type of cell division which mostly takes place in reproductive cells. It is known as reductional division, which creates haploid cells having half the number of chromosomes as compared to the parent cell. It occurs in two stages meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I is a reductional division while meiosis II is an equational division. So, when a single cell enters the meiotic cycle it forms two haploid cell after meiosis I which further forms four haploid cell after meiosis II.
So, the correct answer is option D.

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 36

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 36

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Question 1

Metaphase

Interphase

Prophase

Telophase

Solution

Question 2

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Solution

Question 3

1

2

10

4

Solution

Question 4

2n

2n+1

n

3n

Solution

Question 5

G$$_1$$- phase

S-phase

G$$_2$$- phase

M-phase

Solution

Question 6

Anaphase

Metaphase

Prophase

Interphase

Solution

Question 7

Plasma membrane

Cytoskeleton

Mitochondria

Plastids

Solution

Question 8

Genetic recombination

Variations

Evolution

All of the above

Solution

Question 9

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Prophase

Solution

Question 10

Mitosis

Interphase

Prophase

Meiosis

Solution

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