Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 38

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
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Which among the following is a stage of meiosis during which recombination of genetic material occurs?

A
Anaphase II

B
Metaphase I

C
Prophase II

D
Metaphase II

E
Prophase I

Solution

Crossing over is the process of exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes to produce new genetics combinations or variations. it takes place during pachytene of prophase I of meiosis I.
Since meiosis II is similar to that of mitosis, no recombination takes place during any of its stages.
Metaphase I is marked by the movement of pairs of homologous chromosomes towards the equator and their arrangement on it.
Therefore, the correct answer is option E.
Question 2
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The pairing of homologous chromosomes takes place in ..................... phase.

A
Anaphase I

B
Prophase I

C
Anaphase II

D
Prophase II

E
Metaphase I

Solution

The prophase I of meiosis I is marked by synapsis of homologous chromosomes and crossing over. Zygotene of prophase I is marked by pairing of homologous chromosomes. Metaphase I is marked by movement of pairs of homologous chromosomes towards equator and their arrangement on it. The condensation of chromatin and appearance of chromosomes with sister chromatids takes place during prophase II. Metaphase II is marked by arrangement of chromosomes (each with two sister chromatids) on cell's equator which are then separated by splitting of centromere and move towards opposite poles during anaphase II.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Question 3
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DNA replication occurs in which phase of cell cycle?

A
Mitosis

B
Prophase

C
Interphase

D
Metaphase

E
Cytokinesis

Solution

Interphase is the growth period between two successive divisions of a cell. During this phase, synthesis of DNA and proteins occur. Thus option C is the correct answer.

Question 4

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Study the following lists.

	List - I		List II
A)	G$$_1$$ phase	I)	Replication of NA
B)	S phase	II)	Quiscent stage
C)	G$$_2$$ phase	III)	Condensation of chromatin
D)	G$$_0$$ phase	IV)	Protein synthesis
		V)	Interval between mitosis and initiation of DNA replication

A- III, B- V, C- I, D- II

A- V, B- IV, C- I, D- III

A- V, B- I, C- IV, D- II

A- V, B- II, C- III, D- IV

Solution

$$G_1$$ phase is the first phase of the four phases of the cell cycle and is the interval between the mitosis and the next DNA replication.

S phase is the part of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between $$G_1$$ phase and $$G_2$$ phase.

$$G_2$$ phase is a period of rapid cell growth and protein synthesis, during which the cell prepares itself for mitosis.

$$G_0$$ phase is a period in the cell cycle in which the cells exist in a quiescent state.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C).

Question 5
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The various phases of the cell cycle will be affected by limiting growth factors like

A
Sufficient nucleotides

B
Temperature

C
Nutrients

D
All of the above
Solution
- Different phases of the cell cycle will be affected by limiting growth factors such as nutrient supply, temperature, and room for growth.
- Sufficient nucleotides and amino acids must be present in order to synthesize mRNA, proteins and to replicated DNA.
- Physiological temperatures are optimal for cell growth so that enzymes involved in the cell cycle can work efficiently. In humans, the normal physiological temperature is around $$37^0 C$$.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Question 6
1 / -0

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

A
Anaphase I

B
Prophase I

C
Anaphase II

D
Prophase II

E
Metaphase I

Solution

The prophase I of meiosis I is marked by synapsis of homologous chromosomes and crossing over. Metaphase I is marked by the movement of pairs of homologous chromosomes towards the equator and their arrangement on it. Anaphase I is marked by separation of homologous chromosomes and their movement towards opposite poles. The condensation of chromatin and appearance of chromosomes with sister chromatids takes place during prophase II. Metaphase II is marked by the arrangement of chromosomes (each with two sister chromatids) on cell's equator which is then separated by splitting of centromere and move towards opposite poles during anaphase II.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
1 / -0

The separation of sister chromatids takes place during

A
Anaphase I

B
Prophase I

C
Anaphase II

D
Prophase II

E
Metaphase I

Solution

The prophase I of meiosis I is marked by synapsis of homologous chromosomes and crossing over. Metaphase I is marked by the movement of pairs of homologous chromosomes towards the equator and their arrangement on it. The condensation of chromatin and appearance of chromosomes with sister chromatids takes place during prophase II. Metaphase II is marked by an arrangement of chromosomes (each with two sister chromatids) on cell's equator which is then separated by splitting of centromere and move towards opposite poles during anaphase II.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
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The splitting of chromosomes takes place in mitosis during

A
Anaphase

B
Cytokinesis

C
Metaphase

D
Prophase

E
Telophase

Solution

The third step of mitosis is anaphase. During anaphase, the spindle fibers pull the identical sister chromatids to opposite sides (poles) of the parent cell by the mitotic spindle. The sister chromatin are held together by a protein known as cohesin. Securin is a protein which inhibits a protease known as separase. The destruction of securin unleashes separase which then breaks down the cohesin.
Question 9
1 / -0

DNA replication take place in the ............ phase of cell cycle.

A
G$$_0$$

B
G$$_1$$

C
G$$_2$$

D
M

E
S

Solution

The interphase of a typical cell cycle comprises of G1 phase, S phase and G2 phase. The S phase stands for synthesis phase in which DNA replication occurs followed by synthesis of histones. This is the phase occurring between G$$_1$$ and G$$_2$$ phase.
Thus, the correct answer is option 'S'.
Question 10
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Any sort of damage to DNA is detected in the

A
S phase

B
M phase

C
G2 phase

D
All of the above

Solution

Damage to DNA is detected and fixed during S-phase. When the replication fork comes in contact with the damaged DNA, a protein kinase is activated. This protein kinase stabilizes the replication fork to keep it open so that damage in DNA can be fixed and prevents mitosis.
So, the correct answer is option A.

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 38

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 38

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Question 1

Anaphase II

Metaphase I

Prophase II

Metaphase II

Prophase I

Solution

Question 2

Anaphase I

Prophase I

Anaphase II

Prophase II

Metaphase I

Solution

Question 3

Mitosis

Prophase

Interphase

Metaphase

Cytokinesis

Solution

Question 4

A- III, B- V, C- I, D- II

A- V, B- IV, C- I, D- III

A- V, B- I, C- IV, D- II

A- V, B- II, C- III, D- IV

Solution

Question 5

Sufficient nucleotides

Temperature

Nutrients

All of the above

Solution

Question 6

Anaphase I

Prophase I

Anaphase II

Prophase II

Metaphase I

Solution

Question 7

Anaphase I

Prophase I

Anaphase II

Prophase II

Metaphase I

Solution

Question 8

Anaphase

Cytokinesis

Metaphase

Prophase

Telophase

Solution

Question 9

G$$_0$$

G$$_1$$

G$$_2$$

M

S

Solution

Question 10

S phase

M phase

G2 phase

All of the above

Solution

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