Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 43

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Cells of certain species of animals have six pairs of chromosomes. How many molecules of DNA will remain in a nucleus of these animals during $$G_2$$ phase?

A
12

B
48

C
6

D
24

Solution

The cell is having six pairs of chromosomes, that is 2n = 12. During G$$_1$$ phase, the number of chromosomes will remain the same, that is 12. During S phase, duplication of the DNA takes place, however, the number of chromosomes will remain the same. Hence, in S phase, there will be 24 DNA and 12 chromosomes. In G$$_2$$ phase, the number of DNA molecules and number of chromosomes will remain same as that in S phase. Thus, it will have 24 DNA molecule and 12 chromosomes.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 2
1 / -0

A bivalent of meiosis I consists of

A
Four chromatids and two centromeres

B
Two chromatids and one centromere

C
Two chromatids and two centromeres

D
Four chromatids and four centromeres
Solution
- The two replicated homologous chromosomes associate to form a bivalent.
- It is also known as tetrad and mainly formed during the pachytene stage of the meiosis.
- It consists of a pair of homologous chromosome, each with 2 sister chromatids (total of 4 chromatids) attached with one centromere (total of 2 centromeres)
- They undergo chiasmata formation for recombination.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 3
1 / -0

In which of the following phase DNA / chromosome replication takes place?

A
$$G_1$$-phase

B
$$G_2$$-phase

C
S-phase

D
Prophase
Solution
- The cell cycle consists of 2 phases, the mitotic phase, and interphase.
- The interphase is divided into the first growth phase (G$$_1$$phase), synthesis phase (S phase) and second growth phase (G$$_2$$ phase). G$$_1$$ (Gap 1) is the phase where a large amount of protein synthesis occurs required for the DNA replication and the volume of the cytoplasm increases.
The S phase stands for the synthesis phase in which DNA replication occurs followed by synthesis of histones. G$$_2$$ phase is a period of rapid cell growth and protein synthesis, during which the cell prepares itself for mitosis.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 4
1 / -0

Statement A: For a particular character in an individual, each gamete gets only one allele.
Statement B: Chromatids of a chromosome split (separate) and move towards opposite poles during anaphase of mitosis.

A
Both the statements are correct and B is the reason for A.

B
Both the statements are correct and B is not the reason for A.

C
Statement A is correct and statement B is wrong.

D
Statement B is correct and statement A is wrong.
Solution
- The gametes are produced by meiotic division. In meiosis 1, there is duplication and separation of the chromosomes in two cells. In meiosis II, there is a separation of the chromatids from the chromosomes and then the distribution occurs in the cells. There are four haploid gametes produced from one parent cell. The parent cell has two alleles for each gene. Each gamete contains only one allele from the parent.
- During the anaphase, the chromatids which are formed after the duplication of the chromosomes gets separated. There is the breaking of the chromosomes from the centromere. This is called as the chromosome split. These separated chromosomes then migrate to the opposite poles.
Both the assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not correct explanation for the assertion.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 5
1 / -0

The centrosome duplicates during the

A
S-phase of cell cycle

B
$${G}_{1}$$- phase cell cycle

C
$${G}_{2}$$-phase of cell cycle

D
Prophase of cell cycle
Solution
- The centrosomes are the centers from which the spindle network arises.
- The spindle network is required for holding the chromosomes during the cell division.
- The centrosomes are duplicated by the end of the S-phase of the interphase. The centrosome divides only once in a cell cycle.
- The duplicated centrosomes are held together in the G$$_2$$ phase. In the prophase, the centrosomes start to travel to the opposite poles.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 6
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the four options given below.
Chromosomes get aligned at the centre of the cell during

A
Metaphase

B
Anaphase

C
Prophase

D
Telophase

Solution

Metaphase includes attachment of chromatids to mitotic spindle and alignment of chromatids on the equatorial plate. Anaphase is marked by the division of centromere and movement of sister chromatids towards the opposite poles. Telophase is marked by the presence of daughter chromatids at the opposite poles. Prophase is marked by the appearance of chromosomes with sister chromatids due to condensation of the chromatin fibre. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
1 / -0

The preparatory stage of cell division is _____________.

A
Prophase

B
Anaphase

C
Interphase

D
Metaphase

Solution

Answer is option C i.e. "Interphase"
The cell cycle is composed of interphase (G₁, S, and G₂ phases). Interphase is a series of changes that takes place in a newly formed cell and its nucleus before it becomes capable of division again. It is also called preparatory phase or intermitosis.
Question 8
1 / -0

Where does replication of centriole occur?

A
Interplase

B
Prophase

C
Late prophase

D
Late telophase

Solution

The interphase is the longest phase of cell cycle. It is divided into G$$_1$$ or first growth phase, Synthesis or S phase and G$$_2$$or second growth phase. The S phase is characterised by biosynthetic activity like duplication of DNA and centrioles. The centrioles give rise to spindle fibres. Failure of centrosome regulation can cause mistakes in chromosome segregation and is associated with aneuploidy.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following is not true for meiosis?

A
Production of genetic variability

B
Maintaining constancy of chromosome number during sexual reproduction

C
Reduction of chromosome number to one half

D
Production of diploid cell
Solution
- Meiosis is also known as a reductional division. It results in a reduction of the diploid number of chromosomes to haploid. It mainly takes place in reproductive cells.
- It produces genetic variability due to genetic recombination and independent assortment during meiosis.
- It maintains the constancy in the number of diploid chromosomes during sexual reproduction across generations by meiosis II which is an equational division.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 10
1 / -0

The method of reproduction in unicellular organisms like amoeba and bacteria in which they split into two equal halves and produce new ones is called ............

A
Fragmentation

B
Binary fission

C
Budding

D
Spore formation

Solution

In binary fission, parent cell divides into two equal halves called daughter cells. Daughter cells are identical to each other and to their parent cell. Organisms like the amoeba, bacteria, euglena, etc. exhibit binary fission. During multiple fission, the organism divides itself into numerous daughter cells.
So, B is the correct option.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 43

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 43

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Question 1

12

48

6

24

Solution

Question 2

Four chromatids and two centromeres

Two chromatids and one centromere

Two chromatids and two centromeres

Four chromatids and four centromeres

Solution

Question 3

$$G_1$$-phase

$$G_2$$-phase

S-phase

Prophase

Solution

Question 4

Both the statements are correct and B is the reason for A.

Both the statements are correct and B is not the reason for A.

Statement A is correct and statement B is wrong.

Statement B is correct and statement A is wrong.

Solution

Question 5

S-phase of cell cycle

$${G}_{1}$$- phase cell cycle

$${G}_{2}$$-phase of cell cycle

Prophase of cell cycle

Solution

Question 6

Metaphase

Anaphase

Prophase

Telophase

Solution

Question 7

Prophase

Anaphase

Interphase

Metaphase

Solution

Question 8

Interplase

Prophase

Late prophase

Late telophase

Solution

Question 9

Production of genetic variability

Maintaining constancy of chromosome number during sexual reproduction

Reduction of chromosome number to one half

Production of diploid cell

Solution

Question 10

Fragmentation

Binary fission

Budding

Spore formation

Solution

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