Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 51

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Question 1
1 / -0

Postmitotic gap phase and synthetic phase refer to

A
$$G_2$$ and M

B
$$G_1$$ and S

C
$$G_2$$ and S

D
S and $$G_1$$

Solution

$$G_1$$ phase (First growth phase or Post mitotic gap phase) is the first phase within interphase, from the end of the previous M phase until the beginning of DNA synthesis, is called $$G_1$$ (G indicating gap). It is also called the growth phase. During this phase, the biosynthetic activities of the cell, which are considerably slowed down during M phase, resume at a high rate. The duration of $$G_1$$ is highly variable, even among different cells of the same species.$$G_2$$ phase is the pre-mitotic gap phase. It is the period of rapid cell growth and protein synthesis during which the cell readies itself for mitosis. It this phase, duplication of centriole, mitochondria, chloroplast occurs. The spindle proteins (Tubulin) are also synthesized. After mitosis, the cell enters the $$G_1$$ or the growth phase and then continues with DNA synthesis in the S phase which is followed by the $$G_2$$ phase.
So, the correct option is B.
Question 2
1 / -0

What is not true of anaphase

A
Chromosomes move to opposite poles

B
Spindle poles move apart

C
Golgi bodies and E.R. are reformed

D
Centromeres split and chromatids separate
Question 3
1 / -0

In which phase, spindle fibre proteins synthesised?

A
$$G_1$$-phase

B
$$G_2$$-phase

C
Metaphase

D
S- phase
Question 4
1 / -0

What happened after reformation of nuclear envelope in M-phase?

A
Decondensation of chromosomes and appearance of nuclear lamina.

B
Transcription of chromosomes and reassembly of nuclear lamina.

C
Formation of phragmoplast and contractile ring.

D
Formation of contractile ring and transcription from chromosomes.
Solution
- The nuclear envelope reformed in telophase of M-phase. During cell division, the division of the protoplast of a cell into two daughter cells after nuclear division takes place in cytokinesis.
- In plant cells, cytokinesis takes place by two methods, i.e., cleavage and cell-plate method.
- In the cell-plate method, the central part of the spindle grows in size and forms a complex called phragmoplast. The phragmoplast reaches the equator and fused to form a cell plate. This cell plate later forms the primary wall and both the cell separate out.
- In animal cells, during cytokinesis, the contractile ring is formed which is composed of filamentous actin and the motor protein, and some additional proteins.
Hence, the correct answer is option C, i.e., Formation of phragmoplast and contractile ring.
Question 5
1 / -0

DNA duplication occurs during

A
Early prophase

B
Late prophase

C
Telophase

D
None of the above
Question 6
1 / -0

Which is synthesised in $$G_1-phase$$ ?

A
DNA polymerase

B
Histones

C
Nucleolar DNA

D
Tubulin proteins

Solution

A. DNA polymerase
EXPLANATION: A DNA polymerase is a member of a family of enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of DNA molecules from nucleoside triphosphates, which are the molecular precursors of DNA. During the G1 phase, the cell grows in size and synthesizes mRNA and protein that are required for DNA synthesis and for this process, DNA polymerase is needed.
Question 7
1 / -0

In $$G_2-phase$$, DNA content is

A
2n

B
n

C
3n

D
4n
Question 8
1 / -0

Astral rays are formed of

A
Microfilaments

B
Microtubules

C
Intermediate filaments

D
Microvilli

Solution

Asters do not form during mitosis in plants. Astral rays, composed of microtubules, radiate from the centrosphere and look like a cloud. Astral rays are one variant of microtubule which comes out of the centrosome, others include kinetochore microtubules and polar microtubules.
So B is the correct option.
Question 9
1 / -0

In meiosis, chromosomes replicate during

A
Prophase I

B
Prophase II

C
Telophase I

D
Interphase

Solution

In meiosis, the chromosomes duplicate (during interphase) and homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information (chromosomal crossover) during the first division, called meiosis I. The daughter cells divide again in meiosis II, splitting up sister chromatids to form haploid gametes. Interphase begins with $$G_1$$ (G stands for gap) phase. During this phase, the cell makes a variety of proteins that are needed for DNA replication. During S phase, all of the chromosomes are replicated. Following replication, each chromosome now consists of two sister chromatids.
So, the correct option is D.
Question 10
1 / -0

Chromosomes are least condensed during

A
Telophase

B
Interphase

C
Metaphase

D
Anaphase

Solution

During interphase (1), chromatin is in its least condensed state and appears loosely distributed throughout the nucleus. Chromatin condensation begins during prophase (2) and chromosomes become visible. Chromosomes remain condensed throughout the various stages of mitosis.
So B is the correct option.

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 51

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 51

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Question 1

$$G_2$$ and M

$$G_1$$ and S

$$G_2$$ and S

S and $$G_1$$

Solution

Question 2

Chromosomes move to opposite poles

Spindle poles move apart

Golgi bodies and E.R. are reformed

Centromeres split and chromatids separate

Question 3

$$G_1$$-phase

$$G_2$$-phase

Metaphase

S- phase

Question 4

Decondensation of chromosomes and appearance of nuclear lamina.

Transcription of chromosomes and reassembly of nuclear lamina.

Formation of phragmoplast and contractile ring.

Formation of contractile ring and transcription from chromosomes.

Solution

Question 5

Early prophase

Late prophase

Telophase

None of the above

Question 6

DNA polymerase

Histones

Nucleolar DNA

Tubulin proteins

Solution

Question 7

2n

n

3n

4n

Question 8

Microfilaments

Microtubules

Intermediate filaments

Microvilli

Solution

Question 9

Prophase I

Prophase II

Telophase I

Interphase

Solution

Question 10

Telophase

Interphase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Solution

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