Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 54

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which does not occur in interphase of eukaryotic cell division

A
Increase of ATP synthesis

B
Increase of DNA synthesis

C
Increase of RNA synthesis

D
Reduction in cell size

Solution
Question 2
1 / -0

In a diploid cell, at which stage of cell cycle, the amount of DNA is doubled

A
$$G_1$$ and $$G_2$$ phase

B
$$G_0$$ phase

C
S, $$G_2$$ and M-phase

D
S-phase

Solution

S phase is the phase of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between G₁ phase and G₂ phase. Following replication, each chromosome now consists of two sister chromatids (see figure below). Thus, the amount of DNA in the cell has effectively doubled, even though the ploidy, or chromosome count, of the cell remains at 2n.

So, the correct answer is 'S-phase'.
Question 3
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Which of the following phases correspond to the interval between mitosis and initiation of DNA replication

A
S-Phase

B
$$G_1$$-phase

C
$$G_2$$-phase

D
M-phase

Solution

Cell cycle basically consists of two phases-1. Interphase 2. M or Mitotic phase
Interphase is the most active stage of the cell cycle where cell growth and DNA replication occur. It is divided into 3 stages- 1. G1 phase 2. S phase 3. G2 phase.
A. S phase is a phase in which synthesis or replication of DNA takes place.
B. G1 phase is the interval between mitosis and initiation of DNA replication. In this, the cell does not synthesize or replicate DNA but remains metabolically active.
C. G2 phase is the second gap phase present between S and M phase.
D. M or mitotic phase is the phase where actual cell division takes place.
So, the correct option is B.
Question 4
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When a cell undergoes meiosis, the number of chromosomes in daughter cells will be

A
Reduced to half

B
Doubled

C
Remains unchanged

D
Reduced to one fourth

Solution

The process results in four daughter cells that are haploid, which means they contain half the number of chromosomes of the diploid parent cell. Meiosis has both similarities to and differences from mitosis, which is a cell division process in which a parent cell produces two identical daughter cells.

So, the correct answer is 'Reduced to half'.
Question 5
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Which of the following events takes place during anaphase stage of mitosis?
I. Spindle fibres attach to kinetochores of chromosomes
II. Centromeres split and chromatids separate
III. Chromatids move to opposite poles
IV. Nucleolous, Golgi complex and E.R. reform

A
I and II only

B
II and III only

C
III and IV only

D
I and IV only
Solution
- Anaphase is characterized by two distinct motions. The first of these, anaphase A, moves chromosomes to either pole of a dividing cell (marked by centrosomes, from which mitotic microtubules are generated and organised). The movement for this is primarily generated by the action of kinetochores, and a subclass of microtubule called kinetochore microtubules.
- The second motion, anaphase B, involves the separation of these poles from each other. The movement for this is primarily generated by the action of interpolar microtubules and astral microtubules.
So, the correct answer is 'II and III only'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following is not true for meiosis

A
Production of genetic variability

B
Maintaining constancy of chromosome number during sexual reproduction

C
Reduction of chromosome number to half

D
Production of diploid cell
Question 7
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Match the columns and choose the correct answer
p. Mitosis i. Occurs in diploid cells only
ii. Occurs in both haploid and diploid cells
q. Meiosis iii. Daughter and parent cells have same chromosome number
iv. Synapsis of homologous chromosomes

A
p-i, q-ii

B
p-ii, q-iii

C
p-iii, q-iv

D
p-iv, q-i

Solution

Mitosis - Daughter and parent cells have same chromosome numbers.

Meiosis - Synapsis of homologous chromosomes occur.
So, the correct option is 'C'.

Question 8

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Match the column:

(a) Pachytene	(i) Pairing of homologous chromosomes
(b) Metaphase I	(ii) Terminalisation of chiasmata
(c) Diakinesis	(iii) Cross-over takes place
(d) Zygotene	(iv) Chromosomes align at equatorial plate

a- iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i

a- iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i

a- i, b-iv, c-ii, d-iii

a- ii, b-iv, c-iii, d-i

Solution

During pachytene, the homologous chromosomes thicken and become recombinant. Crossing over of segments of genetic information occurs between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes, forming exchange sites called chiasmata and resulting in recombination
During metaphase, the kinetochore microtubules pull the sister chromatids back and forth until they align along the equator of the cell, called the equatorial plate.
Diakinesis. the final stage in the first meiotic prophase in gametogenesis, in which the chromosomes achieve their maximum thickness. The chiasmata and nucleolus disappear, the nuclear membrane degenerates, and the spindle fibres form in preparation for the formation of dyads.
Zygotene is the sub-stage where synapsis between homologous chromosomes begins. It is also known as zygonema. These synapsis can form up and down the chromosomes allowing numerous points of contact called 'synaptonemal complex', this can be compared to a zipper structure, due to the coils of chromatin.

So, the correct answer is 'B'.

Question 9
1 / -0

Synapsis occurs between

A
Spindle fibres and centromeres

B
mRNA and ribosomes

C
A male and female gamete

D
Two homologous chromosomes.

Solution

Synapsis is the pairing of two homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis.
SO the correct option is D.
Question 10
1 / -0

In which phase proteins for spindle fibre formation are synthesized?

A
G$$_1$$-phase

B
G$$_2$$-phase

C
S-phase

D
Anaphase

Solution

In G$$_2$$-phase proteins for spindle fibre formation are synthesized. It is the third, final and usually the shortest subphase during interphase within the cell cycle in which the cell undergoes a period of rapid growth to prepare for mitosis. It follows successful completion of DNA synthesis and chromosomal replication during the S-phase and occurs during a period of often four to five hours (for human cells). Although chromosomes have been replicated they cannot yet be distinguished individually because they are still in the form of loosely packed chromatin fibres. The G$$_2$$-phase prepares the cell for mitosis (M phase) which is initiated by prophase.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

p.	Mitosis	i.	Occurs in diploid cells only
		ii.	Occurs in both haploid and diploid cells
q.	Meiosis	iii.	Daughter and parent cells have same chromosome number
		iv.	Synapsis of homologous chromosomes

Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 54

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 54

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Question 1

Increase of ATP synthesis

Increase of DNA synthesis

Increase of RNA synthesis

Reduction in cell size

Solution

Question 2

$$G_1$$ and $$G_2$$ phase

$$G_0$$ phase

S, $$G_2$$ and M-phase

S-phase

Solution

Question 3

S-Phase

$$G_1$$-phase

$$G_2$$-phase

M-phase

Solution

Question 4

Reduced to half

Doubled

Remains unchanged

Reduced to one fourth

Solution

Question 5

I and II only

II and III only

III and IV only

I and IV only

Solution

Question 6

Production of genetic variability

Maintaining constancy of chromosome number during sexual reproduction

Reduction of chromosome number to half

Production of diploid cell

Question 7

p-i, q-ii

p-ii, q-iii

p-iii, q-iv

p-iv, q-i

Solution

Question 8

a- iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i

a- iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i

a- i, b-iv, c-ii, d-iii

a- ii, b-iv, c-iii, d-i

Solution

Question 9

Spindle fibres and centromeres

mRNA and ribosomes

A male and female gamete

Two homologous chromosomes.

Solution

Question 10

G$$_1$$-phase

G$$_2$$-phase

S-phase

Anaphase

Solution

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