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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 59

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 59
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
    A particular cell has half as much DNA as some of the other cells in a mitotically active tissue. The cell in question could be in
    Solution
    • Mitotically active tissue is the tissue where the cell division is actively taking place such as the root tip of a plant or the developing embryo.
    • The cell cycle has 2 phases the first being the interphase where the cell rests and grows before the M phase where the cell division takes place.
    • In the S phase of the interphase the DNA is replicated and double the amount of DNA than the mother cell is formed so that the genetic material is equally divided between the daughter cells after the division.
    • Therefore if a cell is in the mitotically active that means that there will be a constant synthesis phase after every cell division to provide the daughter cell with the equal amount of DNA as the mother cell. 
    • So if a cell in a mitotically active tissue has half the DNA compared to the other cells of the tissue then the cell will be in G1 phase which is present after the Mphase of the cell and before the S phase where the DNA will replicate.
    • Therefore the answer option 'G1' is correct.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
    Interphase is the part of the cell cycle when
    Solution
    • A cell cycle is divided into 2 phases the M phase and the interphase.
    • The M phase is where the division of the cell takes place is mitosis or meiosis.
    • The interphase is divided into G1, S and G2 phase.
    • Gi and G2 are the gap 1 and gap 2 part of the interphase which occure before the S phase and after the S phase respectively.
    • During the S phase replication of the DNA takes place where the genetic material of the cell is doubled after which the cell rests and then it enters the M phase.
    • G1 phase takes place before the S phase where the cells is in the period where it can grow and perform its functions.
    • Therefore it can be said that the interphase is over all a phase of the cell cycle where the cell is allowed to grow and rest before and after it enters the cell division.
    • Therefore the answer option 'a cell grows and duplicates its DNA' is correct.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0

    Interphase
    Solution
    Cell cycle has two main phases - M phase and Interphase.
    interphase comprises of G1 , S and G2 phase in which cell prepares and doubles its genetic content for division.
    So the correct answer is ' includes stages G1 and G2'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0

    If a specialised cell no longer divides, it is generally locked in which stage of the cell cycle?
    Solution
    • A cell in any multicellular organism has a specific number of times where it can undergo cell cycle where it divides to form daughter cells. 
    • The G1 phase of the interphase of cell cycle is the stage between the M phase and the S phase of the cell cycle.
    • M phase is where the division of the cell takes place and S phase is where the DNA for the cell division is replicated.
    • When a cell has undergone enough number of cell division and now is mature enough or does not require to divide it enters the $$G_1$$ or $$G_0$$ phase where it will continue to function as a normal cell but will not be required to go under cell division. 
    • For example the region of maturation or region of differentiation in the root tip of a plant.
    • Therefore the correct answer is option 'G1'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Homologous chromosomes segregate during
    Solution
    Meiosis I is the division in which the genetic content reduces to half because the homologous chromosomes start moving to opposite poles.
    So the correct answer is 'Meiosis I'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
    The period in mitosis in which daughter chromosomes separate from each other and get to opposite poles is known as
    Solution
    • In the mitosis the cells after the division retain the equal number of chromosome as the mother cell.
    • During the S phase of cell cycle the genetic material is synthesized where the DNA is replication and the amount of the genetic material is doubled so when the cell enters the mitosis phases the chromosomes are condensed in prophase and then lined in the metaphase plate at the center of the cell after which they are moved to the poles of the dividing cells by the spindle fiber produced by the centrioles after this each of the dividing cell has the equal number of the chromosome as the mother cell as the chromes which were replicated during the S phase of the cell cycle are separated from each other and placed in different cells which is known as the anaphase.
    • Which is followed by the telophase where the dividing cells undergo karyokinesis and finally separate.
    • Therefore the answer option 'anaphase' is correct.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
    Meiotic division takes place in the cells of
    Solution
    • Meiosis is the reduction division where at the end of the division 4 daughter cells are formed each having half the genetic material compared to the mother cell.
    • This division usually takes place in the cells which are engaged in the function of reproduction that is formation of gametes.
    • All of the above options the root tips, stem tips and the leaf tips are just the regular organs of a plant which are engaged in other physiological functions such as absorption of water, food, preparation of food, oxygen and storage of food etc. They under go mitosis where the cells after dividing have the equal genetic material as the mother cell.
    • Whereas the pollen mother cells are those that are present in the stamen of  flower which is involved in the reproduction process as the male reproductive organ. The cells of the stamen are known as pollen mother cell which give rise to pollen grains which are the plant male gametes.
    • The gametes formed are to be haploid so the pollen mother cell undergoes meiosis where it forms 4 pollen cells at the end of the cycle each having half the genetic material as them mother cell.
    • This haploid gamete will fuse with the female gamete and for a diploid zygote.
    • Therefore the answer option 'pollen mother cells' is correct.











  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The DNA content of a diploid cell in the G1 phase of the cell cycle is measured If this DNA content is X, then the DNA content of the same cell at metaphase of meiosis I would be
    Solution
    The DNA content is duplicated after G1 PHASE IN S phase so the DNA content during the meiosis I would be double that is 2X.
    so the correct answer is ' 2X'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0

    After mitosis, the chromosome number of a daughter cell is ……... that of the parent cells
    Solution
    • Mitosis is the cell division which takes places in the cells of the whole body other than the cells that produce the gamete.
    • Before mitosis the genetic material of the cell is duplicated so that when the cell undergoes division the genetic material of the cell is equally divided and given to both of the daughter cells at the time of separation of the chromosomes that is the anaphase.
    • After the cell division is over both the daughter cells will have the same number of chromosomes as that of the mother.
    • Therefore the answer option 'The same as' is correct.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
    Chromosomes are in their most extended form during:
    Solution
    • There are 4 phases in the mitosis ell division:- prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
    • In prophase the genetic material of the cell start to condense and the nuclear membrane starts to disappear. When the genetic material is condensing that is the chromosomes in the cells start to extend and are visible easily and can be studied. At the end of the prophase the nuclear membrane has disappeared and the chromosomes are fully condensed.
    • The metaphase is where the chromosomes are lined in the middle of the dividing cells  i.e. at the metaphase plate.
    • In anaphase the chromosomes are pulled towards the pole of the dividing cells by the spindle fiber which is attached to the kinetochore of the chromosome.
    • The telophase is the end of the cell division where the nuclear membrane starts to reappear and the constriction of the plasma membrane of the dividing cell starts to appear forming 2 daughter cells.
    • Interphase is the phase between 2 consecutive cell division where the cell rests and grows and the genetic material is present inside the nuclear membrane.
    • Therefore the correct answer is option 'prophase'.
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