Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 62

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Spindle usually persists in the form of ______ during _____ method of cytokinesis.

A
phragmoplast, cleavage

B
phragmoplast, cell plate

C
cell plate, cell plate

D
cell plate, cleavage

Solution

Cell plate method is a characteristic method of cytokinins of the plant cell. Here the vesicles provided by the Golgi apparatus unite to phragmoplast and they unite to form the cell plate. The cell plate is first laid down in the centre and then proceed towards periphery that is the centrifugal plate formation. Cell wall materials and now laid down on both side of the cell plate and thus forming two daughter cells.

So, the correct option is 'phragmoplast, cell plate'
Question 2
1 / -0

Select the correct match.

A
Quiescent phase - $$G_2$$ phase

B
Synthesis phase - $$G_1$$ phase

C
Centromere splitting - Anaphase

D
Chromosomal condensation - Metaphase

Solution

Anaphase is the phase of mitosis which takes place after prophase and metaphase.
In anaphase, the centromere split from the middle and two chromatids get separated. Both chromatids move toward opposite poles due to repulsive forces which are known as anaphasic movements. Anaphasic movements are brought about by the repolymerization of continuous fibres and depolymerization of chromosomal fibres.
So, the correct option is 'Centromere splitting - Anaphase'
Question 3
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At which stage of mitosis, the two daughter chromatids separate from each other, migrate towards the opposite poles and are now referred to as chromosomes of the future daughter nuclei?

A
Prophase

B
Metaphase

C
Anaphase

D
Telophase

Solution

In anaphase, the centromeres of chromosomes start to divide into two, forming daughter chromosomes with centromere in each. Daughter chromosomes are repulsive so they migrate toward opposite poles. Spindle fibres attached to the centromeres shorten and pull the chromosomes to the poles.
So, the correct answer is 'Anaphase'.
Question 4
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During cell division, the spindle fibres get attached to condensing chromosome at a highly differentiated region. This region is called as

A
Chromosome

B
Chromocentre

C
Centriole

D
Kinetochore

Solution

The key feature of metaphase is the attachment of spindle fibers to kinetochores of chromosomes. Kinetochores are disc-shaped structure at the surface of the centromeres. These structures serve as the site of attachment of spindle fibres to the chromosomes that are moved toward poles.
So, the correct answer is 'Kinetochore'.
Question 5
1 / -0

You are provided with floral buds of Chrysanthemum in your class and are asked to count the chromosomes, then which of the following stages would you prefer to look into?

A
Prophase

B
Metaphase

C
Anaphase

D
Interphase

Solution

Metaphase is the best phase to count total number of chromosomes in any species and detailed study of the morphology of chromosome. Idiogram (arrangement of chromosomes in a series of decreasing length ) can be drawn in his stage.
So, the correct answer is 'Metaphase'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which phase of mitosis is essentially the reverse of prophase in terms of nuclear changes?

A
S - phase

B
Anaphase

C
Telophase

D
Interphase

Solution

During telophase of mitosis viscosity of cytoplasm decreases. A new nuclear membrane is formed (either from older nuclear envelope or ER) around each set of chromosomes. Chromosomes overlap farming chromatin. The nucleolar organiser region of satellite chromosomes produce nucleolus for each daughter nucleus. Nucleoplasm surrounds in the area of chromatin. The gel state of spindle is converted into sol state and disappears. In this way two daughter nuclei are formed at the poles of spindle. Hence this phase is just reverse of prophase.
So, the correct answer is 'Telophase'.
Question 7
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What is true about telophase stage of mitosis?

A
Chromosomes lose their identity as discrete elements.

B
Chromosomes cluster at opposite spindle poles.

C
Nuclear envelope, nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER reform.

D
All of these

Solution

During telophase the individual chromosomes are no longer seen and chromatin material tends to collect in a mass at the two poles. Chromosomes cluster at opposite spindle poles and their identity is lost as discrete elements Nuclear envelope assembles around the chromosome clusters. Nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER reform.
So, the correct answer is 'All of these'.
Question 8
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Select the correct option:
The figure given below shows a cell undergoing meiosis.
Which of the options below shows the next stage in the process?

A

B

C

D

Solution

Prophase is the longest phase of karyokinesis of meiosis and it is divided into 5 phases. Leptotene is the stage where the chromosome appears as a long thread with chromomeres on it. Then we have zygotene where bivalents or tetrads are seen are seen. Pachytene is the state where the crossing over and the formation of recombinant nodules takes place. Diplotene is a stage where the chiasmata and the X-shaped structure are seen. Diakinesis is the where terminalisation takes place.
Then in the next phase that is the metaphase I the chromosome arrange itself on the metaphase plate.
So, the correct option is 'B'
Question 9
1 / -0

Select the correct option:
Four different steps that occur during meiosis are given in the following list.
(i) Complete separation of chromatids
(ii) Pairing of homologous chromosomes
(iii) Lining up of paired chromosomes on equator
(iv) Crossing over between chromatids
Select the correct sequential arrangement of the steps.

A
(ii), (iii), (iv), (i)

B
(iii), (ii), (iv), (i)

C
(ii), (iv), (iii), (i)

D
(iii), (i), (ii), (iv)

Solution

Pairing of homologous chromosomes occurs in zygotene and crossing over occurs in pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis I. Paired chromosomes line up on equator in metaphase I. Then there is complete separation of chromatids in anaphase I of meiosis I.
So, the correct answer is '(ii), (iv), (iii), (i)'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Best material to study meiosis is __________

A
Root tip

B
Ovary

C
Young anther

D
Pollen grain

Solution

Meiosis takes place in reproductive organs. It results in formation of gametes with half the normal chromosome number. Young anthers are the best materials to study meiosis. So, the correct is 'Young anther'.