Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 77

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following is not true about meiosis?

A
It results in gamete formation

B
4 daughter cells are formed

C
The daughter cells have twice the number of chromosomes as the mother cell

D
None of these

Solution

Specific cells of reproductive organs or tissues in animals and plants divide to form gametes, which after fertilisation give rise to offspring. They divide by a different process called meiosis which involves two consecutive divisions. When a cell divides by meiosis it produces four new cells instead of just two. The new cells only have half the number of chromosomes than that of the mother cells.
Hence the correct option is C.
Question 2
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Which of the following is true about mitosis?

A
It helps in growth and repair.

B
It results in the formation of two daughter cells.

C
The daughter cells have the same chromosome number as the mother cell.

D
All of the above

Solution

The process of cell division by which most of the cells divide for growth is called mitosis. In this process, each cell called the mother cell divides to form two identical daughter cells. The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the mother cell. It helps in the growth and repair of tissues in organisms.
Hence, all the statements are true and the correct option is D.
Question 3
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The cell division that takes place for the purpose of growth is

A
Mitosis

B
Meiosis

C
Both A and B

D
None of these

Solution

During the mitosis process, the cell’s nucleus along with the chromosome is divided to form two new daughter cell nuclei. The daughter nuclei inherit the same number of chromosomes as that of the parent nucleus. Mitosis is the type of division that leads to growth.
Thus the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
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Meiosis is a type of cell division in which one of the following events does not occur?

A
DNA replicates twice

B
Crossing over

C
Centriole pairs migrate to opposite poles

D
Movement of sister chromatids to opposite poles

Solution

During Meiotic cell division DNA replication occurs during the S phase of Interphase only once. After which duplicated homologous chromosomes (bivalents ) segregate during Anaphase I of meiosis I. This results in chromosome number reducing to half for each of the daughter cell. In the second meiotic division the sister chromatids of each chromosome separate into two distinct cells after Anaphase II. Here, DNA replication does not occur between Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
So, the correct answer is 'DNA replicates twice'
Question 5
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The type of cell division that is essential for reproduction is _______.

A
Mitosis

B
Meiosis

C
Both A and B

D
None of these

Solution

Specific cells of reproductive organs or tissues in animals and plants divide to form gametes, which after fertilisation give rise to offspring. They divide by a different process called meiosis which involves two consecutive divisions. When a cell divides by meiosis it produces four new cells instead of just two. The new cells only have half the number of chromosomes than that of the mother cells.
Hence the correct option is B.
Question 6
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How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that have replicated their DNA and are just about to begin meiosis?

A
They have twice the amount of cytoplasm and half the amount of DNA.

B
They have half the number of chromosomes and half the amount DNA.

C
They have the half number of chromosomes and same amount of DNA.

D
They have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA.

Solution

Correct option: C

Explanation:
The cells produced at the end of meiosis cell division have half the number of chromosomes (termed as Haploid), so they will have half the number of chromosomes but same DNA as that of the parent cell as DNA divides and makes a copy of the parent cell DNA.
Question 7
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Some dividing cells exit cell cycle and enter vegetative inactive stage. This is called quiescent stage $$(G_0)$$.This process occurs at the end of :

A
$$G_1$$ phase

B
S phase

C
$$G_2$$ phase

D
M phase

Solution

Some dividing cells exit the cell cycle and enter vegetative inactive stage, called quiescent stage ($$G_0$$). This process occurs at the end of $$M-phase$$ and beginning of $$G_1$$ $$phase$$.
So, the correct answer is (D).
Question 8
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Anaphase differs from metaphase in having

A
Same number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids

B
Half number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids

C
Half number of chromosomes and same number of chromatids

D
Same number of chromosomes and same number of chromatids

Solution

In the metaphase stage, all the chromosomes are arranged at the cell equator. All the chromosomes have two chromatids, joined at the centromere. These are called sister chromatids. The centromere splits in the anaphase stage and the two sister chromatids go to opposite poles. They are now called as chromosomes. They have single chromatid which will duplicate into two sister chromatids in the S phase. Thus, at the anaphase stage number of chromosomes remains the same even as the number of chromatids is reduced to one-half due to the splitting of the centromere.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 9
1 / -0

How many number of DNA molecule form bivalent?

A
2

B
4

C
6

D
3

Solution

Meiosis is characterized by the pairing of homologous chromosomes to form bivalents. Each bivalent refers to a pair of homologous chromosome. Each homologous of a pair is comprised of two sister chromatids joined at the centromere. Thus, each homologous pair comprises of four chromatids- two pairs of sister chromatids joined at two distinct centromeres. In other words, each homologous pair comprises two pairs of nonsister chromatids. As a total of four chromatids are present in a bivalent, the total number of DNA molecules in a bivalent are four.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 10
1 / -0

G$$_{2}$$ phase takes

A
50% time of cell cycle

B
25 to 33% time of cell cycle

C
12 to 22% time of cell cycle

D
4% time of cell cycle

Solution

Cell cycle is divided into G$$_1$$ phase, S phase, G$$_2$$ phase and mitosis ( M-phase). It takes 24 hours for completion of the cell cycle. G1 is the longest phase of the cell cycle and takes 10 hours. S phase is the phase where DNA replication occurs and takes 5-6 hours. The G$$_2$$ phase is the shortest phase and takes 3-5 hours of the cell cycle.
So to calculate the percentage of each phase, the number of hours taken by each phase divided by 24 hours. For example, 3/24 x 100 = 12% (approximately)
therefore, it is approximately 12-22% of the cell cycle.

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 77

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 77

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Question 1

It results in gamete formation

4 daughter cells are formed

The daughter cells have twice the number of chromosomes as the mother cell

None of these

Solution

Question 2

It helps in growth and repair.

It results in the formation of two daughter cells.

The daughter cells have the same chromosome number as the mother cell.

All of the above

Solution

Question 3

Mitosis

Meiosis

Both A and B

None of these

Solution

Question 4

DNA replicates twice

Crossing over

Centriole pairs migrate to opposite poles

Movement of sister chromatids to opposite poles

Solution

Question 5

Mitosis

Meiosis

Both A and B

None of these

Solution

Question 6

They have twice the amount of cytoplasm and half the amount of DNA.

They have half the number of chromosomes and half the amount DNA.

They have the half number of chromosomes and same amount of DNA.

They have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA.

Solution

Question 7

$$G_1$$ phase

S phase

$$G_2$$ phase

M phase

Solution

Question 8

Same number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids

Half number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids

Half number of chromosomes and same number of chromatids

Same number of chromosomes and same number of chromatids

Solution

Question 9

2

4

6

3

Solution

Question 10

50% time of cell cycle

25 to 33% time of cell cycle

12 to 22% time of cell cycle

4% time of cell cycle

Solution

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