Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 84

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The movement of chromosomes to the opposite poles during cell division takes place

A
When the centrioles replicate

B
After the nuclear membrane disintegrates

C
Immediately following DNA replication

D
When the DNA condenses

E
Immediately after the centromere splits

Solution

DNA and centriole replication occur during S phase of cell cycle. Condensation of DNA leading to the presence of visible chromosome and nuclear membrane disintegration occur during prophase. This is followed by movement and arrangement of sister chromatids joined together by centriole on the cell's equator. Anaphase is marked by splitting of centriole leading to separation of sister chromatids and their movement to opposite pole.
So, the correct answer is option E.
Question 2
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Which one of the followings is wrong for meiosis ?

A
It leads to formation of sister chromatids

B
It occurs in diploid cell

C
It occurs in haploid cell

D
It occurs by splitting of centromeres and separation of sister chromatids

Solution

Meiosis is a functional type of cell division. Here, it reduces the chromosome number by half, and thus creates four haploid cells, each genetically recognizable from the parent cell that gave rise to them. A sister chromatid refers to the identical copies which are formed by the replication of a chromosome, later both copies joined together by a common centromere. Meiosis occurs by splitting of centromeres and separation of sister chromatids.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 3
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The formation of multinucleated cell, with identical genetic information takes place by going through

A
Multiple rounds of mitosis, but no cytokinesis

B
Multiple rounds of the M phase, but no rounds of the S phase

C
Multiple rounds of cytokinesis, but no rounds of mitosis

D
Multiple rounds of the cell cycle, but no rounds of mitosis

E
Multiple rounds of the S phase, but no other phases of the cell cycle

Solution

All multicellular organisms, grow with the increase of the number of cells, which takes place by the division of the existing cells. Every cell that undergoes division, gives rise to two daughter cells, with the same number of chromosomes and same DNA content, thereby these have identical genetic information. This process of cell division is known as mitosis and takes place in the somatic cells. Mitosis takes place through a series of phases, which starts with interphase, followed by prophase, metaphase, Anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. During Anaphase and telophase, the chromosomes divide into daughter chromosomes thereby giving rise to an equal number of chromosomes in the two daughter cells that are being formed. However, in the case where the cytokinesis fails to take place, this results in multinucleated cells with identical genetic information. The example of this is the formation of megakaryocytes in bone marrow.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
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Which of the following is true for an animal, with a diploid number of chromosomes equal to 30?

A
Not be able to undergo meiosis because gametes would end up with an odd number of chromosomes

B
Produce two gametes with 30 chromosomes each during meiosis

C
Produce four gametes with 30 chromosomes each during meiosis

D
Produce two gametes with 15 chromosomes each during meiosis

E
Produce four gametes with 15 chromosomes each during meiosis

Solution

In meiosis, a diploid cell gives rise to four haploid cells i.e. each cell has half the number of chromosomes as compared to the parent cell so it is called reductional division. so an animal with a diploid number of chromosomes equal to 30 will produce four gametes. Each gamete will contain 15 chromosomes due to meiosis. Thus option D is the correct answer.
Question 5
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The process of crossing over between homologous chromosomes that takes place during meiosis is advantageous because it

A
Makes for healthy offspring

B
Provides a source of genetic variation

C
Creates a random mix of chromosomes

D
Allows gametes to have half the number of chromosomes

E
Increases the number of gametes

Solution

Crossing over is the process of exchange of genetic material, between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes, to produce new genetics combinations or variations. It produces new gene combinations neither create a random mix of chromosomes nor ensures good health of organisms. Reduction of chromosome number to half is the result of movement of the homologous chromosome to opposite poles during anaphase I of meiosis. One round of meiosis always produces 4 gametes only.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 6
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During this phase there is a duplication of DNA ______.

A
$${G_1}$$ Phase

B
S Phase

C
$${G_2}$$ Phase

D
Interphase
Question 7
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Radioactive thymidine is fed to cells about to enter S-phase. It will make radioactive

A
Euchromatin

B
Heterochromatin

C
Both A and B

D
Neither euchromatin nor heterochromatin

Solution

Euchromatin is loosely packed DNA with higher gene concentration as compared to heterochromatin which is tightly packed and have less gene concentration, thus less DNA content. S phase includes replication of both euchromatin and heterochromatin DNA, the radioactive thymidine will be incorporated in both types of DNA. So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
1 / -0

Nuclear membrane is formed around the groups of daughter chromosomes during the telophase by

A
Endoplasmic reticulum

B
Lysosomes

C
Golgi apparatus

D
Microbodies
Solution
- The formation of the nuclear membrane around daughter chromosomes is a membrane-remodeling event occurring during cell division.
- The nuclear membrane emerges from a tubular network of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The whole process is done by DNA-binding proteins present in the ER.
- Chromatin plays an active role in reshaping of the endoplasmic reticulum during nuclear membrane formation.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 9
1 / -0

The centromere does not divide till the end of metaphase. This is important because centromere

A
Is connected with nuclear envelope

B
Produce spindle fibers

C
contains genes that control prophase and metaphase

D
Hold the replicated DNA's together
Question 10
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Which is the antithesis of meiosis?

A
Mitosis

B
Amitosis

C
Budding and sporulation

D
Fertilization

Solution

Fertilization is in some ways the opposite of meiosis. In fertilization, haploid cells fuse to form a diploid cell while meiosis, in contrast, is a specialized kind of cell cycle that reduces the chromosome number to form haploid cell.
Hence answer is 'Fertilization'

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 84

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 84

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

When the centrioles replicate

After the nuclear membrane disintegrates

Immediately following DNA replication

When the DNA condenses

Immediately after the centromere splits

Solution

Question 2

It leads to formation of sister chromatids

It occurs in diploid cell

It occurs in haploid cell

It occurs by splitting of centromeres and separation of sister chromatids

Solution

Question 3

Multiple rounds of mitosis, but no cytokinesis

Multiple rounds of the M phase, but no rounds of the S phase

Multiple rounds of cytokinesis, but no rounds of mitosis

Multiple rounds of the cell cycle, but no rounds of mitosis

Multiple rounds of the S phase, but no other phases of the cell cycle

Solution

Question 4

Not be able to undergo meiosis because gametes would end up with an odd number of chromosomes

Produce two gametes with 30 chromosomes each during meiosis

Produce four gametes with 30 chromosomes each during meiosis

Produce two gametes with 15 chromosomes each during meiosis

Produce four gametes with 15 chromosomes each during meiosis

Solution

Question 5

Makes for healthy offspring

Provides a source of genetic variation

Creates a random mix of chromosomes

Allows gametes to have half the number of chromosomes

Increases the number of gametes

Solution

Question 6

$${G_1}$$ Phase

S Phase

$${G_2}$$ Phase

Interphase

Question 7

Euchromatin

Heterochromatin

Both A and B

Neither euchromatin nor heterochromatin

Solution

Question 8

Endoplasmic reticulum

Lysosomes

Golgi apparatus

Microbodies

Solution

Question 9

Is connected with nuclear envelope

Produce spindle fibers

contains genes that control prophase and metaphase

Hold the replicated DNA's together

Question 10

Mitosis

Amitosis

Budding and sporulation

Fertilization

Solution

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