Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 88

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Question 1
1 / -0

The paradox of meiosis is

A
conservation of specific chromosome number from generation to generation

B
Produces four haploid cells after meiosis II

C
It is a double division

D
Does not involve DNA replication

Solution

The paradox of meiosis is referred to as conservation of specific chromosome number from generation to generation. It is important for a sexually reproducing organism to produce haploid gametes that take part in fertilization. Each of the haploid gametes contains half the chromosomes of the parent cells which are diploid. A haploid gamete of a female fertilizes with the haploid gamete of a male and results into a diploid zygote. Thus, meiosis is necessary for restoring the chromosome number of the parent cell, and to avoid chromosomal error in each generation.
Question 2
1 / -0

Find out the numnber of chromosomes and the amount of DNA in a spore mother cell of bryophytes in $$G_2$$ stage , if the spore contains $$5$$ chromosomes and $$5$$ picograms of DNA

A
$$5$$ chromosomes ,$$5$$pg DNA

B
$$10$$ chromosome ,$$20$$ pg DNA

C
$$10$$ chromosome ,$$10$$ pg DNA

D
$$20$$ chromosome $$20$$ pg DNA

Solution

It is given that the spore of bryophytes contains 5 chromosomes and 5 picograms of DNA. Spore is haploid in nature. Spore mother cell is diploid in nature. Due to this, the spore mother cells will have double amount of chromosome and DNA. During G$$_2$$ phase, the amount of DNA remains the same and DNA doubles. In a spore mother cell of bryophytes, the chromosome number will be 10 (2n). However, amount of DNA will be double, that is 20 (2n) picograms.
Thus, the correct answer is '10 chromosome, 20 pg DNA.'
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following statements are incorrect about meiosis ?
(a) It yields four genetically identical cells
(b) It involves two successive divisions without any DNA replication occurring between them.
(c) Intrameiotic interphase involves replication of DNA and centrioles.
(d) Meiosis -I results in the formation of two daughter cells each with haploids number of chromosomes and $$1C$$ DNA content

A
(a),(b) and (c)

B
(a) and (b)

C
(a),(c) and (d)

D
(c) and (d)

Solution

Meiosis does not yield four genetically identical cells.
Meiosis involves two successive divisions with DNA replication occurring between them.
In interphase centrioles and DNA replicate.
Meiosis -I results in the formation of two daughter cells each with haploids number of chromosomes.
So the correct answer is '(a) and (b)'

Question 4

1 / -0

Match the following columns.

	Column - I		Column - II
A.	Initiation of spindle fibres formation	1.	Anaphase - I
B.	Synthesis of protein for replication	2.	Zygotene
C.	Action of endonuclease	3.	S - phase
D.	Movement of chromatids towards opposite poles	4.	Pachytene
		5.	Anaphase

$$A- 2, B- 3, C- 4, D- 5$$

$$A- 3, B- 2, C- 1, D- 5$$

$$A- 1, B- 3, C- 5, D- 4$$

$$A- 5, B- 3, C- 1, D- 2$$

Solution

A) Initiation of spindle fibres formation occurs in the zygotene phase of the prophase 1 of meiosis because the centrioles move to the opposite poles thus inducing spindle fibre formation.

B)Synthesis of proteins etc occurs in the S- phase because DNA molecules are replicated in this phase. proteins are mainly replicated in G1 phase.

C) Action of endonucleases occurs in the pachytene stage where the crossing over takes place and these endonucleases help in the separation of the chromosomes.

D) Movement of chromatids to the opposite poles during the Anaphase because in Anaphase 1 the chromosomes present are bivalent and move to the periphery but not the chromatids.

So, the correct option is 'A−2, B−3, C−4, D−5'.

Question 5
1 / -0

Match the following columns.
Column I Column II
A. Phragmoplast 1. Meiosis - II
B. Equational division 2. Meiosis - I
C. Reductional division 3. Zygotene - I
D. Synaptonemal complex 4. Persistent spindle

A
$$A-4, B- 1, C- 2, D- 3$$

B
$$A-3, B- 1, C- 4, D- 2$$

C
$$A-3, B- 2, C- 4, D- 1$$

D
$$A-1, B- 3, C- 2, D- 4$$

Solution

Phragmoplast formed during late cytokinesis help in formation of new cell wall thus separating the two daughter cells.
Meiosis II is referred to as equational division since the chromosomes are equally distributed to the daughter cells.
Meiosis I is referred to as reduction division since the DNA content is reduced to half from the parents to the daughter cells.
Synaptonemal complex is formed during Zygotene of Prophase I of meiosis I
Hence the correct option is 'A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3'.
Question 6
1 / -0

When cell division fails after S - phase (DNA replication) in a diploid cell, the ploidy is

A
Haploid

B
Diploid

C
Tetraploid

D
Triploid
Solution
- S or synthesis phase is the period during which DNA synthesis or replication takes place. During this time the amount of DNA doubles. If the initial amount of DNA is denoted as 2C then it increases to 4C.
- Although, there will be no increment in chromosome number: for e.g. if a cell has the 2n number of chromosomes at G$$_1$$, even after S phase the number of chromosomes remains the same, i.e., 2n. before the cell enters into the S-phase, it has the DNA in the form of chromatin not chromosome. Chromosomes are formed when the DNA is replicated during the S - phase.
So, the correct option is 'Diploid'.
Question 7
1 / -0

The number of tetrads present in pachytene and Metaphase-I of Allium cepa respectively

A
$$16$$ and $$8$$

B
$$16$$ and $$16$$

C
$$8$$ and $$8$$

D
$$16$$ and $$32$$

Solution

Tetrads are 4 chromatids belonging to a homologous pair of chromosomes. A cell continues to possess the paired state until it completes Anaphase I of meiosis.
So, there is no change in number whatsoever upto the completion of Metaphase I.
Homologous chromosomes appear as tetrads during the Pachytene stage of Prophase I of Meiosis I, for exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids. The tetrad stage continues upto Metaphase I of Meiosis I
So, the correct answer is '8 and 8'
Question 8
1 / -0

In a cell cycle, crossing over occurs at:

A
Single strand stage

B
Two strand stage

C
Four strand stage

D
Eight strand stage

Solution

In a cell cycle, crossing over occurs at the four-strand stage. It occurs in the pachytene. The exchange of genetic material between the non-sister chromatids of the bivalent is called crossing over.
So, the correct option is the 'four strand stage'.
Question 9
1 / -0

What will be the amount of DNA in meiosis I products if a meiocyte contains 20 pg DNA in $$G_1$$ phase ?

A
10 pg

B
20 pg

C
40 pg

D
80 pg

Solution

Meiocyte is a cell that has undergone meiosis. Meiosis is a reductional division. So the cell must have 10 pg DNA in meiosis I, which is then reduced to 20 pg following reductional division.
So the correct answer is '10 pg'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Prophase-I is subdivided into five phases based on?

A
Chromosomal movement

B
Chromosomal alignment

C
Chromosomal behaviour

D
Chromosomal structure

Solution

Changes in microtube length provide the mechanism for chromosome movement. More specifically in the first part of anaphase-sometimes called anaphase A-the kinetochore microtubules shorten and draw the chromosomes toward the spindle poles.
So, the correct option is 'Chromosomal movement'.

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	Column I		Column II
A.	Phragmoplast	1.	Meiosis - II
B.	Equational division	2.	Meiosis - I
C.	Reductional division	3.	Zygotene - I
D.	Synaptonemal complex	4.	Persistent spindle

Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 88

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 88

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Question 1

conservation of specific chromosome number from generation to generation

Produces four haploid cells after meiosis II

It is a double division

Does not involve DNA replication

Solution

Question 2

$$5$$ chromosomes ,$$5$$pg DNA

$$10$$ chromosome ,$$20$$ pg DNA

$$10$$ chromosome ,$$10$$ pg DNA

$$20$$ chromosome $$20$$ pg DNA

Solution

Question 3

(a),(b) and (c)

(a) and (b)

(a),(c) and (d)

(c) and (d)

Solution

Question 4

$$A- 2, B- 3, C- 4, D- 5$$

$$A- 3, B- 2, C- 1, D- 5$$

$$A- 1, B- 3, C- 5, D- 4$$

$$A- 5, B- 3, C- 1, D- 2$$

Solution

Question 5

$$A-4, B- 1, C- 2, D- 3$$

$$A-3, B- 1, C- 4, D- 2$$

$$A-3, B- 2, C- 4, D- 1$$

$$A-1, B- 3, C- 2, D- 4$$

Solution

Question 6

Haploid

Diploid

Tetraploid

Triploid

Solution

Question 7

$$16$$ and $$8$$

$$16$$ and $$16$$

$$8$$ and $$8$$

$$16$$ and $$32$$

Solution

Question 8

Single strand stage

Two strand stage

Four strand stage

Eight strand stage

Solution

Question 9

10 pg

20 pg

40 pg

80 pg

Solution

Question 10

Chromosomal movement

Chromosomal alignment

Chromosomal behaviour

Chromosomal structure

Solution

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