Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 9

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

In eukaryotic cell cycle, cell fusion experiments show that :-

A
When an S phase cell is fused with a G$$_{1}$$ phase cell, G$$_{1}$$ phase cell is stimulated to synthesize DNA

B
When an S phase cell is fused with a G$$_{2}$$ phase cell, DNA synthesis is induced in G$$_{2}$$ phase cell

C
When a G$$_{1}$$ phase cell is fused with a G$$_{2}$$ phase cell, DNA synthesis is induced in both G$$_{1}$$ and G$$_{2}$$ phase cells

D
When a G$$_{1}$$ phase cell is fused with an M phase cell both G$$_{1}$$ and M phase cells are stimulated to synthesise DNA

Solution

S phase is also called as synthetic phase. During S phase, DNA of each chromosome replicates followed by synthesis of histone proteins. If a cell which is in S phase is fused with a cell which is in G$$_1$$ phase, DNA synthesis or DNA replication will be induced in the cell which is in G$$_1$$ phase. So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 2
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In which stage of cell cycle, DNA replication occurs?

A
G$$_1$$ phase

B
S phase

C
G$$_2$$ phase

D
M phase
Solution
- The interphase is characterized by three major phases, G$$_1$$ phase, S phase, and G$$_2$$ phase.
- S phase or the synthesis phase is the part of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between G$$_1$$ phase and G$$_2$$ phase.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 3
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In S-phase of the cell cycle

A
Amount of DNA doubles in each cell

B
Amount of DNA remains same in each cell

C
Chromosome number is increased

D
Amount of DNA is reduced to half in each cell
Solution
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A cell cycle is a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides.
S phase (Synthesis Phase) is the phase of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between G1 phase and G2 phase.
It also duplicates a microtubule-organizing structure called the centrosome.
Hence the correct option is Amount of DNA doubles in each cell
Question 4
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Spindle fibres attach on to

A
Telomere of the chromosome

B
Kinetochore of the chromosome

C
Centromere of the chromosome

D
Kinetosome of the chromosome

Solution

In prophase of mitosis, specialized regions on centromeres called kinetochores attach chromosomes to spindle fibers. The centromere is the part of a chromosome that links sister chromatids. During mitosis, spindle fibers attach to the centromere via the kinetochore. Kinetochores generate kinetochore fibers, which attach sister chromatids to spindle fibers. Kinetochore fibers and spindle polar fibers work together to manipulate and separate chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis.

Question 5

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A stage in cell division is shown in the figure. Select the answer which gives correct identification of the stage with its characteristics.

A. Telophase	1. Nuclear envelope reforms, Golgi complex reforms
B. Late anaphase	2. Chromosome moves away from poles, Golgi complex not present
C. Cytokinesis	3. Nuclear envelope disappears and mitochondria distributed between two daughter cells
D. Prophase	4. Endoplasmic reticulum and nucleolus is not reformed

A-1

B-2

C-3

D-4

Solution

Telophase marks the end of mitosis. The process that separates the replicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells.
Telophase begins once the replicated, paired chromosomes have been separated and pulled to opposite sides, or poles, of the cell. By the end of telophase the nuclear envelope and golgi complex is reformed

So, the correct answer is option A.

Question 6
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Meiosis takes place in ............

A
Meiocyte

B
Conidia

C
Gemmule

D
Megaspore
Solution
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A meiocyte is a type of cell that differentiates into a gamete through the process of meiosis.
Through meiosis, the diploid meiocyte divides into four genetically different haploid gametes.
Question 7
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During which phase(s) of cell cycle, amount of DNA in a cell remains at 4C level if the initial amount is denoted as 2C?

A
$$G_0$$ and $$G_1$$

B
$$G_1$$ and S

C
Only $$G_2$$

D
$$G_2$$ and M

Solution

In M-phase, both 4C and 2C of DNA are present in different stages. S phase marks the period during which the amount of DNA in the cell doubles. Thus, at G2 phase the amount of DNA is 4C. These doubled cellular contents prepare the cell to sustain in the further mitotic division.

So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
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During cell growth, DNA synthesis takes place in

A
$$G_2$$ phase

B
M pahse

C
S phase

D
$$G_1$$ phase
Solution
- Interphase is the period between two subsequent M phases and consists of three phases: $$G_1$$, S phase (the period of DNA replication) and $$G_2$$ phase.
- The $$G_1$$ phase is the gap between M phase and S phase and is marked by synthesis of RNA and protein (excluding histones) and duplication of all cell content except DNA.
- S phase of DNA replication and cell division is followed by $$G_2$$ phase during which cell double-checks the duplicated DNA content.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Question 9
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At metaphase, chromosomes are attached to the spindle fibres by their

A
Satellites

B
Secondary constrictions

C
Kinetochores

D
Centromere
Solution
Spindle fibers are the threadlike structure that is made up of microtubules.
These originate from the centrioles during cell division and helps in the movement of chromosomes towards the pole.
During metaphase, each chromosome gets attached to two spindle fibers, one from each pole, in the region of its kinetochores.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 10
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A somatic cell that has just completed the S phase of its cell cycle, as compared to gamete of the same species has?

A
Twice the number of chromosomes and four times the amount of DNA

B
Four times the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA

C
Twice the number of chromosomes and twice the amount DNA

D
Same number of chromosomes but twice the amount DNA

Solution

Correct answer: A
Explanation:
• Somatic cells are diploid whereas gametes are haploid and have 2n and n chromosomes respectively.
• In G1 phase, the amount of DNA in somatic cells and gametes is 2C and 1C respectively.
• During the S phase, the DNA replicates and doubles in number.
Hence, the replicated somatic DNA will have twice the number of chromosomes and four times the amount of DNA than gametes.

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 9

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Cell Cycle and Cell Division Test - 9

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Question 1

When an S phase cell is fused with a G$$_{1}$$ phase cell, G$$_{1}$$ phase cell is stimulated to synthesize DNA

When an S phase cell is fused with a G$$_{2}$$ phase cell, DNA synthesis is induced in G$$_{2}$$ phase cell

When a G$$_{1}$$ phase cell is fused with a G$$_{2}$$ phase cell, DNA synthesis is induced in both G$$_{1}$$ and G$$_{2}$$ phase cells

When a G$$_{1}$$ phase cell is fused with an M phase cell both G$$_{1}$$ and M phase cells are stimulated to synthesise DNA

Solution

Question 2

G$$_1$$ phase

S phase

G$$_2$$ phase

M phase

Solution

Question 3

Amount of DNA doubles in each cell

Amount of DNA remains same in each cell

Chromosome number is increased

Amount of DNA is reduced to half in each cell

Solution

Question 4

Telomere of the chromosome

Kinetochore of the chromosome

Centromere of the chromosome

Kinetosome of the chromosome

Solution

Question 5

A-1

B-2

C-3

D-4

Solution

Question 6

Meiocyte

Conidia

Gemmule

Megaspore

Solution

Question 7

$$G_0$$ and $$G_1$$

$$G_1$$ and S

Only $$G_2$$

$$G_2$$ and M

Solution

Question 8

$$G_2$$ phase

M pahse

S phase

$$G_1$$ phase

Solution

Question 9

Satellites

Secondary constrictions

Kinetochores

Centromere

Solution

Question 10

Twice the number of chromosomes and four times the amount of DNA

Four times the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA

Twice the number of chromosomes and twice the amount DNA

Same number of chromosomes but twice the amount DNA

Solution

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