Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 46

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Question 1
1 / -0

Element located in centre of porphyrin ring of chlorophyll is

A
Potassium

B
Manganese

C
Magnesium

D
Calcium

Solution

Chlorophyll is the green colored pigment which is present in the plastid. It is located in the thylakoid membranes of the plastids. It has a molecular formula of C$$_{55}$$H$$_{72}$$O$$_{55}$$N$$_{44}$$Mg. Magnesium is centrally located in the chlorophyll. It consists of porphyrin ring which has magnesium ion in the center. The two types of chlorophyll are chlorophyll a and b. Chlorophyll a has a porphyrin ring with the side chain of the methyl group and a phytol chain. Chlorophyll b has a porphyrin ring with the side chain of aldehyde group and a phytol chain. It acts like an accessory pigment.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 2
1 / -0

Assimilatory power produced in Hill reaction and used in Blackman's reaction refers to

A
Generation of ATP and NADPH$$_2$$

B
Reduction of CO$$_2$$

C
Splitting of water

D
Disintegration of plastids

Solution

Light reaction or light dependent reaction or Hill's reaction occurs in grana of chloroplast where the energy from sunlight is absorbed and converted to chemical energy which is stored in ATP and NADPH$$_2$$
In light-independent reactions or Blackman's reaction, the carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide using the energy stored in the ATP and NADPH$$_2$$ formed in the light-dependent reactions.
Assimilatory powers (ATP and NADPH$$_2$$) are mainly produced in the light reaction.
So the answer is 'Generation of ATP and NADPH$$_2$$.
Question 3
1 / -0

Photophosphorylation is the process in which

A
$$CO_2$$ and $$O_2$$ unite.

B
Phosphoglyceric acid is produced.

C
Aspartic acid is formed.

D
Light energy is converted into chemical energy through production of ATP.

Solution

Photophosphorylation is the process in which light energy is converted into chemical energy through production of ATP. The process of reduction of $$NADP$$ into $$NADP + H^{+}$$ may be denoted as electron transport system (ETS). It is the process of formation of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (ip) utilising light energy. The flow of electrons through ETS is linked to photophosphorylation. Electron transport chain is a series of electron carriers over which electrons pass in a downhill journey releasing energy at every step that is used in generating an electrochemical proton gradient which helps in synthesising ATP. Based on path of electrons, associated photophosphorylation can be identified as non-cyclic and cyclic phosphorylation.
Question 4
1 / -0

When cell converts light energy into chemical energy, which of the following reaction would take place?

A
ADP + iP = ATP

B
ATP - iP = ADP

C
AMP + iP = ADP

D
GDP + iP = GTP

Solution

Cells convert light energy is converted into chemical energy. During this process, a phosphate is added to adenosine diphosphate molecule to cause the formation of ATP.
So the correct option is 'ADP + iP = ATP'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Chemiosmotic theory of ATP synthesis in chloroplasts and mitochondria is based on _______________.

A
Membrane potential

B
Accumulation of $$Na^+$$ ions

C
Accumulation of $$K^+$$ ions

D
Proton gradient

Solution

Answer is "Proton gradient" option D

Chemiosmosis occurs in mitochondria and chlorplast. The electron transport chain forms a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which is major force needed for the synthesis of ATP.
While, accumulation of sodium ions, potassium ions and membrane potential are needed for transport of nutrients or impulses across membrane and not for ATP synthesis.
Question 6
1 / -0

ATP is injected in cyanide poisoning because it is

A
Necessary for cellular functions

B
Necessary for $$Na^+$$ - $$K^+$$ pump

C
$$Na^+$$ - $$K^+$$ pump operates at the cell membranes

D
ATP breaks down cyanide
Question 7
1 / -0

Chlorophyll consists of

A
A head of phytol and tail of four pyrrole rings.

B
A head of linked carbons and tail of four pyrrole rings.

C
A head of four pyrrole rings and tail of linked nitrogens.

D
A head of four pyrrole rings and an alcoholic phytol tail.

Solution

Photosynthesis takes place in the green leaves of plants and another green part of plants like stem etc. The most active photosynthetic tissue in higher plants is the mesophyll of leaves. Mesophyll cells have many chloroplasts, which contain the specialized light absorbing pigments. These pigments are known as photosynthetic pigments. Chlorophyll and carotenoids are the types of photosynthetic pigments. Chlorophyll is the primary pigment and carotenoids are the accessory pigments. Chlorophyll has a tadpole-like configuration. It has a head called porphyrin and a tail made up of long chain alcohol called phytol. Porphyrin head is made up of four pyrrole rings which are linked by methine bridges. 5 atoms— 4 carbon and one nitrogen form the skeleton of each pyrrole ring. Nitrogen lies towards the centre. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 8
1 / -0

The number of chlorophyll molecules in a quantasome is

A
50-100

B
200-250

C
300-400

D
500-600

Solution

The photosynthetic unit having 200-250 chlorophyll molecules is called quantasome. It is present in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplast of plant cells. It was discovered by Park and Biggins. They are formed equally of lipids and proteins. Its dimensions are 185 A long, 155 A wide and 100 A thick. In quantasome, pigments are found to be present on the basis of absorption spectra in the form of the pyramid. Enzymes required for the process of photophosphorylation are located in quantasome of the chloroplast.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which is correct about chlorophyll, a and b in leaves of higher plants?

A
Both are present in equal proportion

B
Chlorophyll a is more than chlorophyll b

C
Chlorophyll a is less than chlorophyll b

D
Chlorophyll b is ten times more than chlorophyll a

Solution

Chlorophyll- a
1. It is bluish or bright green pigment.
2. It is universal photosynthetic pigment.
3. It is a primary photosynthetic pigment.
4. It is the most abundant photosynthetic pigment.
Chlorophyll- b
1. It is yellow-green pigment.
2. It is structurally similar to Chlorophyll-a, except it has- CHO group in place of CH$$_3$$.
The quantity of Chlorophyll b is half of Chlorophyll a.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Chlorophyll a is more than chlorophyll b'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Organelles having enzymes involved in photorespiration are

A
Mitochondria, chloroplasts and ribosomes

B
Mitochondria, peroxisomes and chloroplasts

C
Mitochondria, nucleus and ribosomes

D
Mitochondria, peroxisomes and glyoxysomes.

Solution

This process occurs when the concentration of oxygen increase and carbon dioxide decrease and its substrate is glycolate. RubisCO, catalase (CAT) and GOX, and GDC are the main enzymes in chloroplasts, leaf peroxisomes, and mitochondria from mature leaves, respectively, and support the major role of the photorespiratory $$C_2$$ cycle in leaf metabolism.
So the correct option is 'Mitochondria, peroxisomes and chloroplasts'.

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 46

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 46

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Question 1

Potassium

Manganese

Magnesium

Calcium

Solution

Question 2

Generation of ATP and NADPH$$_2$$

Reduction of CO$$_2$$

Splitting of water

Disintegration of plastids

Solution

Question 3

$$CO_2$$ and $$O_2$$ unite.

Phosphoglyceric acid is produced.

Aspartic acid is formed.

Light energy is converted into chemical energy through production of ATP.

Solution

Question 4

ADP + iP = ATP

ATP - iP = ADP

AMP + iP = ADP

GDP + iP = GTP

Solution

Question 5

Membrane potential

Accumulation of $$Na^+$$ ions

Accumulation of $$K^+$$ ions

Proton gradient

Solution

Question 6

Necessary for cellular functions

Necessary for $$Na^+$$ - $$K^+$$ pump

$$Na^+$$ - $$K^+$$ pump operates at the cell membranes

ATP breaks down cyanide

Question 7

A head of phytol and tail of four pyrrole rings.

A head of linked carbons and tail of four pyrrole rings.

A head of four pyrrole rings and tail of linked nitrogens.

A head of four pyrrole rings and an alcoholic phytol tail.

Solution

Question 8

50-100

200-250

300-400

500-600

Solution

Question 9

Both are present in equal proportion

Chlorophyll a is more than chlorophyll b

Chlorophyll a is less than chlorophyll b

Chlorophyll b is ten times more than chlorophyll a

Solution

Question 10

Mitochondria, chloroplasts and ribosomes

Mitochondria, peroxisomes and chloroplasts

Mitochondria, nucleus and ribosomes

Mitochondria, peroxisomes and glyoxysomes.

Solution

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